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Energy efficiency maximization for beyond 5G NOMA-enabled heterogeneous networks

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Abstract

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is expected to play a critical role in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) for beyond fifth-generation (5G) wireless systems. The unrivaled benefits of NOMA along with the multi-tier architecture of HetNets has the potential to significantly improve the performance of cellular networks. Motivated by such possibilities, this article provides a new resource optimization scheme for efficient cellular device association and optimal power control in NOMA-enabled HetNets. Our objective is to maximize the energy efficiency of the proposed HetNets while guaranteeing the signal decoding and minimum rate of each cellular device. The problem of cellular device association and power control is jointly formulated as a non-convex optimization. Since the problem of energy efficiency is coupled with both devise association and power control, it contains high complexity and, hence, it is very difficult to obtain the joint solution. To obtain an efficient solution and reduce the complexity, we decouple the original problem into two subproblems for efficient device association and optimal power control. For any given power allocation of base stations (BSs), we first adopt dual theory for cellular device association, and then a new sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is employed to calculate the optimal power control. Later, we also present the benchmark suboptimal power control method which is based on Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions. Monte Carlo simulation results unveil that the proposed NOMA resource optimization scheme in HetNets can significantly improve the system performance compared to the benchmark NOMA and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes.

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Notes

  1. In this paper, we consider a single-carrier for communication in all cells. The multi-carrier communication can certainly further enhance the system performance, but we leave it for the future work to focus on efficient user association and optimal power control.

  2. Due to novelty and complexity of the considered network setup, it is not straightforward to provide a direct comparison to the other studies in the literature. Thus, we resort to comparing the proposed scheme with the KKT-based scheme.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China

    Wali Ullah Khan

  2. School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China

    Xingwang Li

  3. Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Asim Ihsan

  4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Zain Ali & Guftaar Ahmed Sardar Sidhu

  5. College of Computer Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China

    Basem M. Elhalawany

  6. Benha University, Benha, Egypt

    Basem M. Elhalawany

Authors
  1. Wali Ullah Khan
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  2. Xingwang Li
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  3. Asim Ihsan
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  4. Zain Ali
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  5. Basem M. Elhalawany
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  6. Guftaar Ahmed Sardar Sidhu
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Correspondence to Wali Ullah Khan or Xingwang Li.

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This article belongs to the Topical Collection: Special Issue on Cognitive Models for Peer-to-Peer Networking in 5G and Beyond Networks and Systems

Guest Editors: Anil Kumar Budati, George Ghinea, Dileep Kumar Yadav and R. Hafeez Basha

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Khan, W.U., Li, X., Ihsan, A. et al. Energy efficiency maximization for beyond 5G NOMA-enabled heterogeneous networks. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 14, 3250–3264 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01176-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01176-5

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