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A reliable method for colorectal cancer prediction based on feature selection and support vector machine

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer responsible for approximately 600,000 deaths per year worldwide. Thus, it is very important to find the related factors and detect the cancer accurately. However, timely and accurate prediction of the disease is challenging. In this study, we build an integrated model based on logistic regression (LR) and support vector machine (SVM) to classify the CRC into cancer and normal samples. From various factors, human location, age, gender, BMI, and cancer tumor type, tumor grade, and DNA, of the cancer, we select the most significant factors (p < 0.05) using logistic regression as main features, and with these features, a grid-search SVM model is designed using different kernel types (Linear, radial basis function (RBF), Sigmoid, and Polynomial). The result of the logistic regression indicates that the Firmicutes (AUC 0.918), Bacteroidetes (AUC 0.856), body mass index (BMI) (AUC 0.777), and age (AUC 0.710) and their combined factors (AUC 0.942) are effective for CRC detection. And the best kernel type is RBF, which achieves an accuracy of 90.1% when k = 5, and 91.2% when k = 10. This study provides a new method for colorectal cancer prediction based on independent risky factors.

Flow chart depicting the method adopted in the study. LR (logistic regression) and ROC curve are used to select independent features as input of SVM. SVM kernel selection aims to find the best kernel function for classification by comparing Linear, RBF, Sigmoid, and Polynomial kernel types of SVM, and the result shows the best kernel is RBF. Classification performance of LR + RF, LR + NB, LR + KNN, and LR + ANNs models are compared with LR + SVM. After these steps, the cancer and healthy individuals can be classified, and the best model is selected.

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Funding

This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61876102, 61472232, 61572300, 61402270, 61602286), Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province in China (TSHW201502038), and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province in China (ZR2016FB13).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Normal University, School of Information Science and Engineering, No. 88, Wenhua East Road, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Dandan Zhao, Hong Liu, Yuanjie Zheng, Yanlin He, Dianjie Lu & Chen Lyu

  2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology, Jinan, China

    Dandan Zhao, Hong Liu, Yuanjie Zheng, Yanlin He, Dianjie Lu & Chen Lyu

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  1. Dandan Zhao
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  2. Hong Liu
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Correspondence to Hong Liu.

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Zhao, D., Liu, H., Zheng, Y. et al. A reliable method for colorectal cancer prediction based on feature selection and support vector machine. Med Biol Eng Comput 57, 901–912 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-018-1930-0

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