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A Lightweight Spectrum Occupancy and Service Time Model for Centralized Cognitive Radio Networks

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Abstract

In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), secondary users (SUs) exploit the unused or sparsely used spectrum by primary users (PUs) without causing any harmful interference. Consequently, spectrum occupancy modeling appears as an essential task for CRN operations. In this paper, spectrum occupancy has been modeled using a queueing theory based approach in order to analyze the performance of CRNs in terms of network capacity, number of cognitive radio users waiting for service, and average waiting time. A compact model is presented for a CRN, where the queue adopted has variable service capacity and can be considered as a multi-service queue with server failure where each channel acts as a server. When a channel is occupied by a PU, it is regarded as a server failure for SUs. Using the probability generating function, the closed-form expressions of various performance parameters for different arrival distributions are derived. Numerical results for the remaining services for SUs, the expected number of SUs, and average waiting time as the CRN capacity, average service demands and average arrival rate vary, are illustrated.

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Notes

  1. The time axis over the observation time is divided into fixed-length intervals and each interval is called a time-slot. Note that the time-slot considered herein is different from a time-slot in conventional cellular networks.

  2. In reality, the number of time-slots needed depends on the message length, channel characteristics, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), and block error rate (BLER) requirements. Therefore, the expressions obtained below represent an ideal condition based on the assumptions mentioned in Sect. 2.

  3. The variable number of resource units the queue is able to provide in a time-slot.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23640, Pakistan

    Bakht Zaman & Ziaul Haq Abbas

  2. Department of Information and Communication Technology, University of Agder (UiA), 4898, Grimstad, Norway

    Frank Y. Li

Authors
  1. Bakht Zaman
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  2. Ziaul Haq Abbas
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  3. Frank Y. Li
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bakht Zaman.

Additional information

This work in part has been presented at the IEEE 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2015-Spring), Glasgow, UK, May 2015 [1].

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Zaman, B., Abbas, Z.H. & Li, F.Y. A Lightweight Spectrum Occupancy and Service Time Model for Centralized Cognitive Radio Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 92, 1675–1694 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3628-7

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