Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Multicarrier spread spectrum watermarking for secure error concealment in fading channel

  • Published:
Telecommunication Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel multicarrier spread spectrum (SS) watermarking scheme for the application of image error concealment using multicarrier-code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) with binary phase shift keying (BPSK) transmission in Rayleigh fading channel. The goal is achieved by embedding important information (image digest) which is extracted from the original image itself, and is used to introduce sufficient redundancy in the transmitted image. Half-toning technique is applied to obtain image digest from its low-resolution version. At the decoder side, data demodulation as well as watermark decoding are done using minimum mean square error combining (MMSEC) strategy. The extracted image digest is used to correct the damaged regions. The integration of SS watermarking with the existing SS modulation not only simplifies the design but also offers significant performance improvement for error concealment in fading channel. Authorized users having the knowledge of code patterns for SS watermarking can only perform the error concealment operation and the method is secured. Experimental results duly support the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  1. Wang, Y., Wenger, S., Wen, J., & Katsaggelos, A. K. (2000). Error resilient video coding technique. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 17(4), 61–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Maity, S. P., & Mukherjee, M. (2009). A high capacity CI/MC-CDMA with reduction in PAPR. In 7th IEEE annual conf. on commun. networks and services research, CNSR 2009 (pp. 297–304), Canada. Los Alamitos: IEEE Comput. Soc.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Maity, S. P., Kundu, M. K., & Das, T. S. (2007). Robust SS watermarking with improved capacity. Pattern Recognition Letters, 28, 350–357.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Maity, S. P., & Maity, S. (2009). Multistage spread spectrum watermark detection technique using fuzzy logic. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 16, 245–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Malvar, H. S., & Florencio, A. F. (2003). Improved spread spectrum: a new modulation technique for robust watermarking. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 51, 898–905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Langelaar, G. C., Setyawan, I., & Lajendijk, R. L. (2000). Watermarking in digital images and video data. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 17, 20–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Cox, I. J., Kilian, J., Leighton, F. T., & Shamoon, T. (1997). Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 6, 1673–1687.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Hartung, F., Su, J. K., & Girod, B. (1999). Spread spectrum watermarking: malicious attacks and counterattacks. In Proceedings of SPIE, security and watermarking of multimedia contents (Vol. 3657, pp. 147–158).

  9. Mayer, J., Silverio, A. V., & Bermudez, J. C. M. (2002). On the design of pattern sequences for spread spectrum image watermarking. International telecommunications symposium, ITS2002, Natal, Brazil.

  10. Maity, S. P., Kundu, M. K., & Maity, S. (2009). Dual purpose FWT domain spread spectrum image watermarking in real-time. Special issues: circuits & systems for realtime security & copyright protection of multimedia. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 35(2), 415–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Phadikar, A., & Maity, S. P. Quality access control of compressed color images using data hiding. International Journal of Electronics and Communications, AEU (2009). doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2009.09.004.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Campisi, P., Carli, M., Giunta, G., & Neri, T. (2003). Blind quality assessment for multimedia communications using tracing watermarking. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 51, 996–1002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Liu, Y., & Li, Y. (2000). Error concealment for digital images using data hiding. In 9th DSP workshop (pp. 1–6), Hunt, Texas.

  14. Gir, G., Alagoz, F., & AbdelHafez, M. (2005). A novel error concealment method for images using watermarking in error-prone channels. In 16th IEEE international symposium on personal, indoor and mobile radio communications (pp. 2637–2641), Berlin.

  15. Nayak, C. K., Jayalakshmi, M., Merchant, S. N., & Desai, U. B. (2007). In LNCS : Vol. 4815. Projection onto convex sets with watermarking for error concealment (pp. 119–127). Heidelberg: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Carli, M., Farias, M., Bailey, D., & Mitra, S. (2002). Error control and concealment for video transmission using data hiding. In 5th international symposium on wireless personal multimedia communications (pp. 812–815), Sheraton Waikiki, Honolulu, Hawaii.

  17. Chen, B., & Wornell, G. W. (2001). Quantization index modulation: a class of provably good methods for digital watermarking and information embedding. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 47, 1423–1443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kundur, D., & Hatzinakos, H. (2001). Diversity and attacks characterization for improved robust watermarking. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 29, 2383–2396.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Prasad, R. (1996). CDMA for wireless personal communications. Boston: Artech House.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Wiegandt, D., Wuand, Z., & Nassar, C. (2003). High-throughput, high-performance OFDM via pseudo-orthogonal carrier interferometry spreading codes. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 51(7), 1123–1134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Natarajan, B., Wu, Z., Nassar, C. R., & Shattil, S. (2004). Large set of CI spreading codes for high-capacity MC-CDMA. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 52(11), 1862–1866.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Thippavajjula, V., & Natarajan, B. (2004). Parallel interference cancellation techniques for synchronous carrier interferometry/MC-CDMA uplink. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, 1, 399–403.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Wong, P. W. (1993). Inverse halftoning and kernel estimation for error diffusion (pp. 1–23), Media Technology Laboratory, HPL-93-92.

  24. Floyd, R., & Steinberg, L. (1975). An adaptive algorithm for spatial grey scale. In Proc. of SID international symposium digest of technical papers (pp. 36–37).

  25. Cal, X., & Akansu, A. N. (2000). Multicarrier CDMA systems with transmit diversity. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2, 658–661.

    Google Scholar 

  26. http://www.petitcolas.net/fabien/watermarking/image_database/index.html.

  27. Gonzalez, R. C., Woods, R. E., & Eddins, S. L. (2005). Digital image processing using Matlab. Pearson Education.

  28. Wang, Z., Bovik, A. C., Sheikh, H. R., & Simoncelli, E. P. (2004). Image quality assessment: from error measurement to structural similarity. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 13, 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Huifang, S., & Wilson, K. (1995). Concealment of damaged block transform coded images using projections onto convex sets. IEEE Transaction on Image Processing, 4(4), 470–477.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Jayalakshmi, M., Merchant, S. N., Desai, U. B., Ajay, G., Aanchan, J. V. L., Srinath, P., & Shashank, J. (2006). Error concealment using digital watermarking. In IEEE Asia pacific conference on circuits and systems (pp. 1713–1716), Singapore.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Information Technology, Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, India

    Santi P. Maity

  2. Department of ECE & EI, College of Engineering & Management, Kolaghat, Midnapur East, 721 171, India

    Seba Maity

  3. Department of Computer Science & Technology, Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, India

    Jaya Sil

Authors
  1. Santi P. Maity
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Seba Maity
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jaya Sil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Santi P. Maity.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Maity, S.P., Maity, S. & Sil, J. Multicarrier spread spectrum watermarking for secure error concealment in fading channel. Telecommun Syst 49, 219–229 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9369-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9369-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation