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Anti-hyperglycemic Effect of Bilberry, Blackberry and Mulberry Ultrasonic Extracts on Diabetic Rats

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Abstract

Small fruits like bilberry, blackberry and mulberry are rich sources of anthocyanins and other phenols, compounds with a certified antioxidant activity and spectacular effects in some chronic diseases. Romanian bilberry, blackberry and mulberry extracts were tested as anti-hyperglycemic agents on diabetic rats. Anthocyanins extraction was carried out with 80 % acidified ethanol in ultrasonically conditions at 23 ± 2 °C and 40 kHz. Monomeric anthocyanins content was determined by pH differential method and varied between 1200 and 2800 mg/L. The analyses of anthocyanins were achieved using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Phenolics content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and values varied between 2320 and 4250 mg/L gallic acid. Antioxidant activities of extracts were estimated by DPPH scavenging method and the values varied between 8 and 16 miliequivalents Trolox. In order to evaluate the toxicology of the extracts, the heavy metals concentration and pesticides content were analyzed. The extracts were administrated to diabetic rats in drinking water for five weeks. The administration of bilberry extract offered no satisfactory results. Treatment with blackberry extract determined a significant decrease of glucose level from 360 to about 270 mg/dL (p < 0.05). The mulberry extract administration determined a significant decrease of glucose level from 252 mg/dL at the start day to 155 mg/dL at the final of experiment (p < 0.05).

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Professor A. Zamfir from “Aurel Vlaicu” University, Romania and C. Moşoarcă from West University, Romania for technical support and assistance on MS analyses. This work was part of the project no. 52145/2008 - “Hypoglycemic and antioxidant dietary supplements with anthocyanidinic structure”, part of The National Plan for Research-Development and Innovation 2007–2013 (Romania).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Dr. A. P. Podeanu 144, 300569, Timişoara, Romania

    Mariana N. Ştefănuţ, Adina Căta, Raluca Pop, Cristian Tănasie, Daniel Boc & Ioana Ienaşcu

  2. University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041, Timişoara, Romania

    Raluca Pop & Valentin Ordodi

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  1. Mariana N. Ştefănuţ
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  2. Adina Căta
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  4. Cristian Tănasie
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  6. Ioana Ienaşcu
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Correspondence to Mariana N. Ştefănuţ.

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Ştefănuţ, M.N., Căta, A., Pop, R. et al. Anti-hyperglycemic Effect of Bilberry, Blackberry and Mulberry Ultrasonic Extracts on Diabetic Rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 68, 378–384 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-013-0380-y

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