Abstract
Geological hazards and their effects are often geographically widespread. Consequently, their effective mapping and monitoring is best conducted using satellite and airborne imaging platforms to obtain broad scale, synoptic coverage. With a multitude of hazards and effects, potential data types, and processing techniques, it can be challenging to determine the best approach for mapping and monitoring. It is therefore critical to understand the spatial and temporal effects of any particular hazard on the environment before selecting the most appropriate data type/s and processing techniques to apply. This review is designed to assist the decision-making and selection process when embarking on a hazard mapping or monitoring exercise. It focuses on the application of optical, LiDAR, and synthetic aperture RADAR technologies for the assessment of pre-event risk and post-event damage. Geological hazards of global interest summarized here are landslides and erosion; seismic and tectonic hazards; ground subsidence; and flooding and tsunami.
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Acknowledgments
LiDAR data were acquired by NZ Aerial Mapping on behalf of Environment Canterbury (ECAN) and the Ministry for Civil Defence and Emergency Management (MCDEM). Funding for this project was provided by the South African Council for Geosciences in collaboration with CDU and GNS Science. The authors thank the many people with whom discussions on this topic have been held over the years, and in particular the very helpful comments received from the anonymous reviewers. RADARSAT-2 data were provided by the Canadian Space Agency. Some figures were plotted with the GMT and Gnuplot software.
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Joyce, K.E., Samsonov, S.V., Levick, S.R. et al. Mapping and monitoring geological hazards using optical, LiDAR, and synthetic aperture RADAR image data. Nat Hazards 73, 137–163 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1122-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1122-7