Abstract
The idea for softcopy viewing of medical image outside the radiology reading room spread among the scientists in various fields for several years. An image could be read on workstation of all types, from desktop across movable to handheld. Benefits are numerous and continue to grow as physicians use them discovering new usage cases. Proposed solutions vary with PACS architecture invasion level, communication and storage image formats, and utilization. We employ JPEG2000 standard because of its high (lossy/lossless) compression ratio with minimal spatial distortion, retrieval-oriented storage, and streaming. It is embedded in PACS as the DICOM Private Data Element containing JPIP parameter string, so-called DICOM2000. The DICOM2000 message is transparent for standard DICOM devices at the slightest level of invasion. Thanks to sophisticated JPEG2000 streaming, medical image becomes suitable for any resolution and quality display and (wireless) networks. The solution is validated on the ACR/NEMA standard test set of PACS images.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Ward, M. M., Jaana, M., Bahensky, J. A., Vartak, S., and Wakefield, D. S., Clinical Information System Availability and Use in Urban and Rural Hospitals. J. Med. Syst. 30:429–438, 2006.
Frost & Sullivan, Government Initiatives Key to Promoting PACS Solutions in Europe, Press Release European PACS Market Review, London, January 21st, 2004, Retrieved from http://medicaldevices.frost.com/prod/servlet/press-release.pag?docid=9694076 [17 June 2009]
Orenstein, B. W., PACS: It’s not just for radiology anymore. Radiol. Today. 9(22):10, 2008.
Page, D., Thin-client computing brings workstation apps to desktop. Diagn. Imag. 31(4), 2009. Retrieved from http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/magazines/di-north-america [17 June 2009].
Vannier, M. W., Medical imaging workstation: what is missing and what is coming. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 133(4):542–546, 2009.
Weiss, D., The PACS workstation: a theory of evolution. Appl. Radiol. 37(8):24–29, 2008.
REUTERS, Dr. Neil Martin, Chief of Neurosurgery UCLA Medical Center to Present New Cell Phone Solution for Viewing PACS Images Remotely to Diagnose Critically Ill Patients, Orlando, Feb 22nd, 2008, Retrieved from http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS132514+22-Feb-2008+PRN20080222?sp=true.
Nagy, P. G., Using informatics to improve the quality of radiology. Applied Radiology Supplement to December 2008: Hot Topics in Imaging Informatics, 9–14, 2008.
Chang, P. J., Re-engineering radiology in an electronic world: The radiologist as values innovator. Applied Radiology Supplement to December 2008: Hot Topics in Imaging Informatics, 5–8, 2008.
Skodras, A. N., The JPEG2000 Image Compression Standard in Mobile Health, M-Health:Emerging Mobile Health Systems, SpringerLink US, pp.313–327, 2006. doi:10.1007/0-387-26559-7_23.
Taubman, D., and Marcellin, M., JPEG2000: Image compression fundamentals, standards and practice. Kluwer, Boston, 2001.
Lamard, M., Cazuguel, G., Quellec, G., Bekri, L., Roux, C., and Cochener, B., Content based image retrieval based on wavelet transform coefficients distribution, 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS 2007, pp. 4532–4535, 2007.
Siddiqui, K. M., Advanced visualization: making the right choice. Appl. Radiol. 37(12):15–18, 2008.
Ivetic, D., and Dragan, D., JPEG2000 aims to make medical image ubiquitous. Egypt Comput. Sci. J. 31(5), ISSN 1110-2586, Sept 2009 (in press).
Mobile Clinical Assistant, Intel Products and Solutions for Healthcare. Retrieved from www.intel.com/healthcare/ps/mca/ [17 June 2009]
Intel Digital Health Group, Field Study—Mobile Clinical Assistant Platform Prototype. Retrieved from http://download.intel.com/healthcare/pdf/ElCaminoHospital.pdf [17 June 2009]
Muñoz, M. A., Rodríguez, M., Favela, J., Martinez-Garcia, A. I., and González, V. M., Context-Aware Mobile Communication in Hospitals. Computer,. 36(9):38–46, 2003.
Orwat, C., Graefe, A., and Faulwasser, T., Towards pervasive computing in health care—a literature review. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 8(26), 2008. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1472-6947-8-26.pdf [17 June 2009]
Horii, S., Avoiding pitfalls in adding to a PACS or changing PACS vendor. Appl. Radiol. 37(12):20–23, 2008.
American College of Radiology, National Electrical Manufacturers Association: Digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM): version 3, Draft Standard 2008, ACR-NEMA Committee, Working Group VI, Washington DC. Retrieved from ftp://medical.nema.org/medical/dicom/2008/ [28 April 2009]
Dragan, D., and Ivetic, D., DICOM overview. Works of the 7th International Symposium "Young People and Multidisciplinary Research" 2005, Resita, Romania, 1:105–115, 2005. ISSN 1453–7394.
Pianykh, O. S., Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM)—A practical introduction and survival guide. Springer, New York, 2008.
Dragan, D., and Ivetic, D., Architectures of DICOM based PACS for JPEG2000 medical image streaming. Comput. Sci. Inf. Syst. J. (ComSIS). 6(1):185–203, 2009.
Blanquer, I., Hernandez, V., and Mas, F., A Peer-to-peer environment to share medical images and diagnoses providing context-based searching. In Proceedings of the 13th Euromicro Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (Euromicro-PDP’05). 2005 Feb 09–12, Lugano, Switzerland. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, pp.42–48, 2005.
Ramakrishnan, B., and Sriraam, N., Internet transmission of DICOM images with effective low bandwidth utilization. Digit. Signal Process. 16(6):825–831, 2006.
Liu, H., Lufei, H., Shi, W., and Chaudhary, V., Towards ubiquitous access of computer-assisted surgery systems. Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. 1:4428–4431, 2006.
Lee, S., Lee, T., Jin, G., and Hong, J., An implementation of wireless medical image transmission system on mobile devices. J. Med. Syst. 32(6):471–480, 2008.
Yang, K. H., Cho, H. M., Jung, H., Jang, B. M., Han, D. H., Lee, C. L., and Kim, H. L., Design of emergency medical imaging and informatics system for mobile computing environment. IFMBE Proceedings on World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2006. 14(28):4072–4076, 2007.
Yool, S. K., Jung, S. M., Kim, B. S., Yun, H. Y., Kim, S. R., and Kim, D. K., Prototype design of mobile emergency telemedicine system. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2005. 3481(2005):1028–1034, 2005.
Zhanga, J., Suna, J., and Stahlb, J. N., PACS and web-based image distribution and display. Comput. Med. Imaging Graph. 27(3):197–206, 2003.
Andrade, R., von Wangenheim, A., Kessler Bortoluzzi, M., and Comunello, E., Using Mobile Wireless Devices for Interactive Visualization and Analysis of DICOM Data, Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS’03), 2003.
Dragan, D., and Ivetic, D., A Comprehensive Quality Evaluation System for PACS. Ubiquitous Computing and Communication Journal, Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference – Bioinformatics and Image. 4(3):642–650, 2009.
Raman, B., Raman, R., Raman, L., and Beaulieu, C. F., Radiology on handheld devices: Image display, manipulation, and PACS integration issues. Radiographics. 24(1):299–310, 2004.
Nakata, N., Kandatsu, S., Suzuki, N., and Fukuda, K., Informatics in Radiology (infoRAD): mobile wireless DICOM server system and PDA with high-resolution display: feasibility of group work for radiologists. Radiographics. 25(1):273–283, 2005.
Kim, D. K., Yoo, S. K., Park, J. J., and Kim, S. H., PDA-phone-based instant transmission of radiological images over a CDMA network by combining the PACS screen with a Bluetooth-interfaced local wireless link. J. Digit. Imaging. 20(2):131–139, 2007.
Tian, Y., Cai, W., Sun, J., and Zhang, J., Accessing medical image databases on the go. SPIE Newsroom, Electronic Imaging & Signal Processing 2008 [Serial on the Internet]. Retrieved from http://spie.org/x19505.xml. [28 April 2009]
Dragan, D., Encapsulation of JPEG2000 Compression by DICOM standard message [master thesis], University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Science, Department for Computing and Control, Novi Sad, Serbia, 2008.
Choong, M. K., Logeswaran, R., and Bister, M., Cost-effective handling of digital medical images in the telemedicine environment. Int. J. Med. Inform. 76(9):646–654, 2007.
Prandolini, R., Chapter 6: JPIP—Interactivity Tools, APIs, and Protocols (Part 9), The JPEG 2000 Suite, Schelkens P, Skodras A, and Ebrahimi T (ed.), Wiley, Series: Wiley-IS&T Series in Imaging Science and Technology, p. 544, 2009.
Dragan, D., and Ivetic, D., Chapter 3: DICOM/JPEG2000 Client/Server Implementation, "Environmental, Health, and Humanity Issues in Down Danubian Region, Multidisciplinary Approaches", edited by Dragutin Mihailović & Mirjana Vojinović Miloradov, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., pp. 25–34, 2009.
Microsoft Visual Studio .Net 2003. http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/aa700867.aspx. [28 April 2009]
DCMTK, DICOM Toolkit. Retrieved from http://dicom.offis.de/dcmtk.php.en [28 April 2009]
Kakadu JPEG2000 Software Developer’s Toolkit. http://www.kakadusoftware.com/ [28 April 2009]
Mirkovic, J., Ivetic, D., and Dragan, D., Presentation of Medical Images Extracted From DICOM Objects on Mobile Devices, Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium of Interdisciplinary Regional Research “ISIRR 2007” Hungary – Serbia – Romania; 2007 Jun 21–22, Novi Sad, Serbia, 2007.
Basaric, D., Janjic, M., Rajacic, N., Farkas, S., and Ivetic, D., GIMMOBILE Usability Study of Single Thumb Input on Touchscreen Devices, 4th International Conference on Engineering Technologies: ICET 2009, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad, Serbia, 2009.
Holzinger, A., and Errath, M., Mobile computer Web-application design in medicine: some research based guidelines. Universal Access in the Information Society. 6 (1):31–41, 2007.
A collection of medical images in both uncompressed form, and compressed with various lossless and lossy compression schemes defined by the DICOM standard. Retrieved from ftp://medical.nema.org/MEDICAL/Dicom/DataSets/WG04/ [8 May 2009]
Edward, M. S., Current and Future Storage Requirements for Healthcare, Waterloo Think Tank Sessions 2004—Storage in the Digital Healthcare Enterprise, Waterloo Institute for Health Informatics Research, 2004 Retrieved from: http://hi.uwaterloo.ca/hitalks/Waterloo_Think_Tank-2004/smith/default.pdf [8 May 2009]
A paper by International Telecommunication Union (ITU). About mobile technology and IMT-2000, ITU Introduction to Mobile Cellular Technology. Retrieved from: http://www.itu.int/osg/spu/imt-2000/technology.html [26 September 2009]
Chute, R., and Van de Sompel, H., Introducing djatoka: A Reuse Friendly, Open Source JPEG 2000 Image Server. D-Lib Magazine, 14(9/10), 2008. Retrieved from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september08/chute/09chute.html [28 April 2009]
Park, S., Kim, W., and Ihm, I., Mobile collaborative medical display system. Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 89(3):248–260, 2008.
Acknowledgments
This research has been conducted under IT project: “WEB portals for data analysis and consulting”, No. 13013, financed by the Government of Republic of Serbia.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ivetic, D., Dragan, D. Medical Image on the Go!. J Med Syst 35, 499–516 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-009-9386-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-009-9386-2