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The Structure of Internalizing Disorders in Middle Childhood and Evidence for Personality Correlates

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Abstract

The current multi-method multi-informant investigation compared the fit of three competing models of internalizing problems in middle childhood: (1) a unitary factor model, (2) a two-factor model corresponding to the DSM-IV Anxiety/Depression distinction, and (3) a two-factor model corresponding to the Fear/Distress distinction observed in structural studies of adult psychopathology (Krueger Archives of General Psychiatry, 56:921-926, 1999); Slade and Watson Psychological Medicine, 36:1593-1600, 2006). In total, 346 youths (mean age = 9.51, SD = .78) and their adult caregivers (344 mothers, 227 fathers) reported on childhood internalizing symptoms and personality traits. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed adequate to good fit indices for all three models, although the unitary factor model provided the most parsimonious summary of the data. Although the structural analyses suggested that internalizing symptom subfactors were not clearly differentiated in middle childhood, hierarchical regression analyses revealed that personality dimensions uniquely predicted the Anxiety/Fear and Depression/Distress disorders. These results suggest that personality correlates differentiate childhood psychopathology structure before it is manifest at the symptom level.

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  1. Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada

    Shauna C. Kushner & Jennifer L. Tackett

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada

    R. Michael Bagby

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Suite 647A, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada

    R. Michael Bagby

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  1. Shauna C. Kushner
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Correspondence to Shauna C. Kushner.

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This research was supported in part by a grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.

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Kushner, S.C., Tackett, J.L. & Bagby, R.M. The Structure of Internalizing Disorders in Middle Childhood and Evidence for Personality Correlates. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 34, 22–34 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9263-4

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