Abstract
The development of alternative therapeutic treatments based on the use of medicinal and aromatic plants, such as Juniper communis L., has aroused interest in the medical field to find new alternatives to conventional therapeutic treatments, which have shown problems related to bacterial resistance, high costs, or sustainability in their production. The present work describes the use of hydrogels based on sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose, with combinations of juniperus leaves and berry extracts, in order to characterize their chemical characteristics, antibacterial activity, tissue adhesion test, cytotoxicity in the L929 cell line, and their effects on an in vivo model in mice to maximize the use of these materials in the healthcare field. Overall, an adequate antibacterial potential against S. aureus, E. coli and P. vulgaris was obtained with doses above 100 mg.mL−1 of hydrogels. Likewise, low cytotoxicity in hydrogels combined with extracts has been identified according to the IC50 value at 17.32 µg.mL−1, compared to the higher cytotoxic activity expressed by the use of control hydrogels with a value at 11.05 µg.mL−1. Moreover, in general, the observed adhesion was high to different tissues, showing its adequate capacity to be used in different tissue typologies. Furthermore, the invivo results have not shown erythema, edema, or other complications related to the use of the proposed hydrogels. These results suggest the feasibility of using these hydrogels in biomedical applications given the observed safety.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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KEÖ and CDB-M conducted the biomaterial synthesis and chemical characterization of the materials. İŞ performed the animal experiments with the help of KEÖ and CDB-M. CH and ED analyzed the in vitro and in vivo experiments with the help of İŞ contributed to data interpretation, discussion, and critical comments on shaping the manuscript. The manuscript was written through contributions of all authors. All authors have given approval to the final version of the manuscript.
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This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Sivas Cumhuriyet University (26.26.10.2022/65202830-050.04.04-681).
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Bohórquez-Moreno, C.D., Öksüz, K.E., Dinçer, E. et al. Plant-inspired adhesive and injectable natural hydrogels: in vitro and in vivo studies. Biotechnol Lett 45, 1209–1222 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-023-03400-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-023-03400-z