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Hierarchical Triple-Level Alignment for Multiple Source and Target Domain Adaptation

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Abstract

Domain adaptation aims to bridge the domain gap between the source and target domains. Most existing approaches concentrate on one target domain setting adapted from one or multiple source domains while neglecting the importance of multitarget domain setting. This inevitably causes a problem with suboptimal solutions in practical applications. To address this problem, we focus on a challenging but realistic scenario, unsupervised multisource-multitarget domain adaptation (UMDA), where multiple labeled source domains and multiple unlabeled target domains are available. In this paper, we propose a Hierarchical Triple-level Alignment (HTA) method for UMDA in which domain label, class label, and data structure information can be incorporated into a unified framework for effective knowledge transfer. The innovative points of this paper are as follows: 1) we devise a triple-level alignment mechanism including domain-level alignment, class-level alignment, and structure-level alignment, which effectively reduces the domain shift among multiple source and target domains; and 2) we develop a novel hierarchical gradient synchronization strategy to enhance class-level alignment, which can greatly reduce class distribution differences among multiple domains and preserve their individual class discrimination. Similarly, the hierarchical gradient synchronization strategy is also applied to structure-level alignment. As such, structure discrepancy reduction and individual structure preservation can both be achieved. To the best of our knowledge, HTA is the first attempt to simultaneously consider domain label, class label, and data structure information in the UMDA setting and can be regarded as a well-performing baseline for UMDA tasks. Experimental results on three standard benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of the proposed framework for multiple source-and-target domain adaptation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62172109 and Grant 62072118 ,in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under Grant 2020A1515011361 and Grant 2022A1515010322, in part by the High-Level Talents Programme of Guangdong Province under Grant 2017GC010556, and in part by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2021B1515120010.

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  1. Department of Computer Science, Guangdong University of Technology, 100 WaiHuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Zhuanghui Wu, Min Meng, Tianyou Liang & Jigang Wu

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  1. Zhuanghui Wu
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  4. Jigang Wu
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Correspondence to Min Meng.

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Wu, Z., Meng, M., Liang, T. et al. Hierarchical Triple-Level Alignment for Multiple Source and Target Domain Adaptation. Appl Intell 53, 3766–3782 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-022-03638-6

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