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Assessment of code bias variations of BDS triple-frequency signals and their impacts on ambiguity resolution for long baselines

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Abstract

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution over long baselines is challenging in BDS data processing. This is partially due to the variations of the hardware biases in BDS code signals and its dependence on elevation angles. We present an assessment of satellite-induced code bias variations in BDS triple-frequency signals and the ambiguity resolutions procedures involving both geometry-free and geometry-based models. First, since the elevation of a GEO satellite remains unchanged, we propose to model the single-differenced fractional cycle bias with widespread ground stations. Second, the effects of code bias variations induced by GEO, IGSO and MEO satellites on ambiguity resolution of extra-wide-lane, wide-lane and narrow-lane combinations are analyzed. Third, together with the IGSO and MEO code bias variations models, the effects of code bias variations on ambiguity resolution are examined using 30-day data collected over the baselines ranging from 500 to 2600 km in 2014. The results suggest that although the effect of code bias variations on the extra-wide-lane integer solution is almost ignorable due to its long wavelength, the wide-lane integer solutions are rather sensitive to the code bias variations. Wide-lane ambiguity resolution success rates are evidently improved when code bias variations are corrected. However, the improvement of narrow-lane ambiguity resolution is not obvious since it is based on geometry-based model and there is only an indirect impact on the narrow-lane ambiguity solutions.

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Acknowledgments

This study is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41374034, 41504028), the Natural Science Foundation of China (2014AA123101), Natural Science Foundation of Hubei (2015CFB326) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042014kf0081). The authors show great gratitude to IGS for providing data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 129, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China

    Yidong Lou, Xiaopeng Gong, Shengfeng Gu & Fu Zheng

  2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Technology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 129, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China

    Yidong Lou

  3. Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia

    Yanming Feng

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  1. Yidong Lou
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  2. Xiaopeng Gong
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  3. Shengfeng Gu
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  4. Fu Zheng
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  5. Yanming Feng
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Correspondence to Shengfeng Gu.

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Lou, Y., Gong, X., Gu, S. et al. Assessment of code bias variations of BDS triple-frequency signals and their impacts on ambiguity resolution for long baselines. GPS Solut 21, 177–186 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-016-0514-4

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