Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

A survey of traceability in requirements engineering and model-driven development

  • Theme Section
  • Published:
Software & Systems Modeling Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Traceability—the ability to follow the life of software artifacts—is a topic of great interest to software developers in general, and to requirements engineers and model-driven developers in particular. This article aims to bring those stakeholders together by providing an overview of the current state of traceability research and practice in both areas. As part of an extensive literature survey, we identify commonalities and differences in these areas and uncover several unresolved challenges which affect both domains. A good common foundation for further advances regarding these challenges appears to be a combination of the formal basis and the automated recording opportunities of MDD on the one hand, and the more holistic view of traceability in the requirements engineering domain on the other hand.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aizenbud-Reshef N., Nolan B.T., Rubin J., Shaham-Gafni Y.: Model traceability. IBM Syst. J. 45(3), 515–526 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Aizenbud-Reshef, N., Paige, R.F., Rubin, J., Shaham-Gafni, Y., Kolovos, D.S.: Operational semantics for traceability. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2005 Proceedings, pp. 8–14. Sintef, Trondheim (2005). ISBN 978-82-14-03813-2

  3. Albinet, A., Boulanger, J.L., Dubois, H., Peraldi-Frati, M.A., Sorel, Y., Van, Q.D.: Model-based methodology for requirements traceability in embedded systems. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2007 Proceedings, pp. 27–36. Sintef, Trondheim (2007). ISBN 978-82-14-04056-2

  4. Alexander, I.: Towards automatic traceability in industrial practice. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’02). ACM, New York (2002)

  5. Alexander, I.: Semiautomatic tracing of requirement versions to use cases. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’03). ACM, New York (2003)

  6. Alexander I.: A taxonomy of stakeholders, human roles in system development. In: Stahl, B.C. (eds) Issues and Trends in Technology and Human Interaction., pp. 25–71. IRM Press, Hershey (2006) ISBN 978-1-599-04269-5

    Google Scholar 

  7. Alexander, I., Robertson, S., Maiden, N.: What influences the requirements process in industry? A report on industrial practice. In: 13th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’05) Proceedings, pp. 411–415. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2005)

  8. Amar, B., Leblanc, H., Coulette, B.: A traceability engine dedicated to model transformation for software engineering. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings, pp. 7–16. Sintef, Trondheim (2008). ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

  9. Anderson K.M., Taylor R.N., Whitehead E.J. Jr: Chimera: hypermedia for heterogeneous software development enviroments. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. 18(3), 211–245 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Anquetil, N., Grammel, B., Galvão, I., Noppen, J., Khan, S.S., Arboleda, H., Rashid, A., Garcia, A.: Traceability for model driven, software product line engineering. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings, pp. 77–86. Sintef, Trondheim (2008). ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

  11. ANSI. ANSI-X3.138-1988: Information Resource Dictionary System (IRDS). American National Standards for Information Systems, New York (1988)

  12. Antoniol G., Canfora G., Casazza G., Lucia A.D.: Maintaining traceability links during object-oriented software evolution. Softw. Pract. Experience 31(4), 331–355 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Antoniol G., Canfora G., Casazza G., Lucia A.D., Merlo E.: Recovering traceability links between code and documentation. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 28(10), 970–983 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Antoniol, G., Merlo, E., Guéhéneuc, Y.G., Sahraoui, H.: On feature traceability in object oriented programs. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 73–78. ACM, New York (2005)

  15. Arkley, P., Manson, P., Riddle, S.: Enabling traceability. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’02). ACM, New York (2002)

  16. Arkley, P., Riddle, S.: Overcoming the traceability benefit problem. In: 13th IEEE International Conference on Requirements Engineering (RE’05) Proceedings, pp. 385–389. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2005)

  17. Asuncion, H.U., François, F., Taylor, R.N.: An end-to-end industrial software traceability tool. In: ESEC-FSE ’07: Proceedings of the 6th Joint Meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on The Foundations of Software Engineering, pp. 115–124. ACM, New York (2007)

  18. Baeza-Yates R.A., Ribeiro-Neto B.: Modern Information Retrieval, 1st edn. Addison-Wesley, Boston (1999) ISBN 978-0-201-39829-8

    Google Scholar 

  19. Barbero, M., del Fabro, M.D., Bézivin, J.: Traceability and provenance issues in global model management. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2007 Proceedings, pp. 47–55. Sintef, Trondheim (2007). ISBN 978-82-14-04056-2

  20. Bézivin, J., Jouault, F., Rosenthal, P., Valduriez, P.: Modeling in the large and modeling in the small. In: Aßmann, U., Aksit, M., Rensink, A. (eds.) Model Driven Architecture: MDAFA 2003 and MDAFA 2004 Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3599, pp. 33–46. Springer, Berlin (2005). ISBN 978-3-540-28240-2

  21. Blanc, X., Gervais, M.P., Sriplakich, P.: Model bus: towards the interoperability of modelling tools. In: Aßmann, U., Aksit, M., Rensink, A. (eds.) Model Driven Architecture: MDAFA 2003 and MDAFA 2004 Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3599, pp. 17–32. Springer, Berlin (2005). ISBN 978-3-540-28240-2

  22. Boldyreff, C., Nutter, D., Rank, S.: Active artefact management for distributed software engineering. In: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE Annual International Conference on Computer Software and Applications, pp. 1081–1086. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2002)

  23. Brasethvik T., Gulla J.A.: Natural language analysis for semantic document modeling. Data Knowl. Eng. 38(1), 45–62 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Braun, A., Bruegge, B., Dutoit, A.: Supporting informal meetings in requirements engineering. In: Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ’01) Proceedings, pp. 26–40. http://refsq.org (2001)

  25. Brcina, R., Riebisch, M.: Defining a traceability link semantics for design decision support. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings, pp. 39–48. Sintef, Trondheim (2008). ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

  26. Briand, L.C., Labiche, Y., O’Sullivan, L.: Impact analysis and change management of UML models. In: ICSM ’03: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Maintenance, pp. 256–265. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2003)

  27. Brinkkemper, S.: Requirements engineering research the industry is and is not waiting for. In: Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ’04) Proceedings, pp. 41–54. http://refsq.org (2004)

  28. Brooks F.P.: No silver bullet: essence and accidents of software engineering. IEEE Comp. 20(4), 10–19 (1987)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  29. Bui T.X., Bodart F., Ma P.C.: ARBAS: a formal language to support argumentation in network-based organizations. J. Manag. Inf. Syst. 14(3), 223–237 (1997) ISSN 0742-1222

    Google Scholar 

  30. Campos P., Nunes N.J.: Practitioner tools and workstyles for user-interface design. IEEE Softw. 24(1), 73–80 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Card D.N.: Designing software for producibility. J. Syst. Softw. 17(3), 219–225 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Cerbah F., Euzenat J.: Traceability between models and texts through terminology. Data Knowl. Eng. 38(1), 31–43 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. Chen J.Y.J., Chou S.C.: Consistency management in a process environment. J. Syst. Softw. 47, 105–110 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Chikofsky E.J., Rubenstein B.L.: CASE: reliability engineering for information systems. IEEE Softw. 5(2), 11–16 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Cleland-Huang J., Berenbach B., Clark S., Settimi R., Romanova E.: Best practices for automated traceability. IEEE Comp. 40(6), 27–35 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Cleland-Huang J., Chang C.K., Christensen M.: Event-based traceability for managing evolutionary change. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 29(9), 796–810 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Cleland-Huang, J., Dekhtyar, A., Hayes, J.H.: Problem Statements and Grand Challenges. Tech. Rep. COET-GCT-06-01-0.9, Center of Excellence for Traceability. http://www.traceabilitycenter.org/downloads/documents/GrandChallenges/ (2006)

  38. Cleland-Huang, J., Habrat, R.: Visual support in automated tracing. In: 2nd International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV 2007). IEEE Computer Society, New York (2007)

  39. Cleland-Huang J., Chang K.C., Wise J.C.: Automating performance related impact analysis through event based traceability. Requir. Eng. J. 8(3), 171–182 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Cleland-Huang, J., Settimi, R., Duan, C., Zou, X.: Utilizing supporting evidence to improve dynamic requirements traceability. In: 13th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’05) Proceedings, pp. 135–144. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2005)

  41. Cleland-Huang, J., Zemont, G., Lukasik, W.: A heterogeneous solution for improving the return on investment of requirements traceability. In: 12th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’04) Proceedings, pp. 230–239. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2004)

  42. Conklin J., Begeman M.L.: gIBIS: a hypertext tool for exploratory policy discussion. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. 6(4), 303–331 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Costa, M., da Silva, A.R.: RT-MDD framework—a practical approach. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2007 Proceedings, pp. 17–26. Sintef, Trondheim (2007). ISBN 978-82-14-04056-2

  44. Dahlstedt, Å.G., Persson, A.: Requirements interdependencies: state of the art and future challenges. In: Engineering and Managing Software Requirements, pp. 95–116. Springer, Berlin (2005). ISBN 978-3-540-25043-2

  45. de Lucia, A., Fasano, F., Oliveto, R., Tortora, G.: ADAMS Re-Trace: a traceability recovery tool. In: CSMR ’05: Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering, pp. 32–41. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2005)

  46. de Lucia A., Fasano F., Oliveto R., Tortora G.: Recovering traceability links in software artefact management systems using information retrieval methods. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Meth. 16(4), 13/1–13/50 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Decker, B., Ras, E., Rech, J., Klein, B., Höcht, C.: Self-organized reuse of software engineering knowledge supported by semantic wikis. In: Workshop on Semantic Web Enabled Software Engineering (SWESE) Proceedings. http://www.mel.nist.gov/msid/conferences/SWESE/ (2005)

  48. Dekhtyar, A., Hayes, J.H., Sundaram, S., Holbrook, A., Dekhtyar, O.: Technique integration for requirements assessment. In: 15th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’07) Proceedings, pp. 141–150. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2007)

  49. Deng M., Stirewalt R.E.K., Cheng B.H.C.: Retrieval by construction: a traceability technique to support verification and validation of UML formalizations. Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng. 15(5), 837–872 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Derniame, J.C., Kaba, B.A., Wastell, D.G. (eds.): Software Process: Principles, Methodology, Technology. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1500. Springer, Berlin (1999). ISBN 978-3-540-65516-9

  51. Dick, J.: Rich traceability. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’02). ACM, New York (2002)

  52. Dömges R., Pohl K.: Adapting traceability environments to project-specific needs. Commun. ACM 41(12), 54–62 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. dos Santos Soares M., Vrancken J.L.M.: Model-driven user requirements specification using SysML. J. Softw. 3(6), 57–68 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Drivalos, N., Kolovos, D.S., Paige, R.F., Fernandes, K.J.: Engineering a DSL for software traceability. In: Gaševic, D., Lämmel, R., van Wyk, E. (eds) Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Software Languages Engineering, SLE ’08. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5452. Springer, Berlin (2008). ISBN 978-3-642-00433-9

  55. Duan, C., Cleland-Huang, J.: Visualization and analysis in automated trace retrieval. In: 1st International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV’06). IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  56. Dutoit, A.H., McCall, R., Mistrik, I., Paech, B. (eds): Rationale Management in Software Engineering. Springer, Berlin (2006) ISBN 978-3-540-30997-0

    Google Scholar 

  57. Dutoit A.H., Paech B.: Rationale management in software engineering. In: Chang, S.K. (eds) Handbook of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, vol. 1—Fundamentals, pp. 787–816. World Scientific, Singapore (2001) ISBN 978-9-810-24973-1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  58. Ebner G., Kaindl H.: Tracing all around in reengineering. IEEE Softw. 19(3), 70–77 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Egyed A.: Tailoring software traceability to value-based needs. In: Biffl, S., Aurum, A., Boehm, B., Erdogmus, H., Grünbacher, P. (eds) Value-Based Software Engineering, Springer, Berlin (2005) ISBN 978-3-540-25993-0

    Google Scholar 

  60. Egyed, A.: Fixing inconsistencies in UML design models. In ICSE ’07: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering pp. 292–301. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2007)

  61. Egyed A., Grünbacher P.: Supporting software understanding with automated requirements traceability. Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng. 15(5), 783–810 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Egyed, A., Grünbacher, P., Heindl, M., Biffl, S.: Value-based requirements traceability: lessons learned. In: 15th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’07) Proceedings, pp. 115–118. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2007)

  63. Espinoza, A., Alarcon, P.P., Garbajosa, J.: Analyzing and systematizing current traceability schemas. In: Proceedings of the 30th Annual IEEE/NASA Software Engineering Workshop, pp. 21–32. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  64. Falleri, J.R., Huchard, M., Nebut, C.: Towards a traceability framework for model transformations in Kermeta. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2006 Proceedings, pp. 31–40. Sintef, Trondheim (2006). ISBN 978-82-14-04030-2

  65. France, R., Rumpe, B.: Model-driven development of complex software: a research roadmap. In: FOSE ’07: Future of Software Engineering Proceedings, pp. 37–54. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2007)

  66. Fritzsche, M., Johannes, J., Zschaler, S., Zherebtsov, A., Terekhov, A.: Application of tracing techniques in model-driven performance engineering. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings, pp. 111–120. Sintef, Trondheim (2008). ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

  67. Galvão, I., Göknil, A.: Survey of traceability approaches in model-driven engineering. In: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International EDOC Enterprise Computing Conference, pp. 313–324. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2007)

  68. Gervasi V., Zowghi D.: Reasoning about inconsistencies in natural language requirements. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Meth. 14(3), 277–330 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Gills, M.: Survey of traceability models in IT projects. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2005 Proceedings, pp. 39–46. Sintef, Trondheim (2005). ISBN 978-82-14-03813-2

  70. Glitia F., Etien A., Dumoulin C.: Fine grained traceability for an MDE approach of embedded system conception. In: Oldevik, J., Aagedal, J.Ø. (eds) ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings., pp. 27–38. Sintef, Trondheim (2008) ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

    Google Scholar 

  71. Goguen, J.A.: Formality and informality in requirements engineering. In: 2nd International Requirements Engineering Conference (ICRE’96) Proceedings. IEEE Computer Society, New York (1996)

  72. Göknil, A., Kurtev, I., van den Berg, K.: Change impact analysis based on formalization of trace relations for requirements. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings, pp. 59–75. Sintef, Trondheim (2008). ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

  73. Gotel, O.C.Z.: Contribution Structures for Requirements Traceability. Ph.D. thesis, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of London (1995)

  74. Gotel, O.C.Z., Finkelstein, A.C.W.: An analysis of the requirements traceability problem. In: 1st IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’94) Proceedings, pp. 94–101. IEEE Computer Society, New York (1994)

  75. Gotel, O.C.Z., Morris, S.J.: Macro-level traceability via media transformations. In: Paech, B., Rolland, C. (eds.) Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ’08) Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5025, pp. 129–134. Springer, Berlin (2008). ISBN 978-3-540-69060-3

  76. Grechanik, M., McKinley, K.S., Perry, D.E.: Recovering and using use-case-diagram-to-source-code traceability links. In: ESEC-FSE ’07: Proceedings of the 6th Joint Meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on The Foundations of Software Engineering, pp. 95–104. ACM, New York (2007)

  77. Hapke, M., Jaszkiewicz, A., Kowalczykiewicz, K., Weiss, D., Zielniewicz, P.: OPHELIA—open platform for distributed software development. In: Open Source for an Information and knowledge society: Proceedings of the Open Source International Conference. Malaga, Spain. http://malaga04.opensourceworldconference.com/ (2004)

  78. Hardman L., Bulterman D.C.A., van Rossum G.: The Amsterdam hypermedia model: adding time and context to the Dexter model. Commun. ACM 37(2), 50–62 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Haumer, P., Pohl, K., Weidenhaupt, K., Jarke, M.: Improving reviews by extended traceability. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE Computer Society, New York (1999)

  80. Hayes J.H., Dekhtyar A.: A framework for comparing requirements tracing experiments. Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng. 15(5), 751–781 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Hayes, J.H., Dekhtyar, A.: Humans in the traceability loop: can’t live with ’em, can’t live without ’em. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 20–23. ACM, New York (2005)

  82. Hayes J.H., Dekhtyar A., Sundaram S.K.: Advancing candidate link generation for requirements tracing: the study of methods. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 32(01), 4–19 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Hayes, J.H., Dekhtyar, A., Sundaram, S.K., Howard, S.: Helping analysts trace requirements: an objective look. In: 12th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’04) Proceedings, pp. 249–259. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2004)

  84. Heindl, M., Biffl, S.: A case study on value-based requirements tracing. In: Proceedings of the Joint 10th European Software Engineering Conference (ESEC) and the 13th ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE-13), pp. 60–69. ACM, New York (2005)

  85. Heindl, M., Biffl, S.: Modeling of requirements tracing. In: Meyer, B., Nawrocki, J.R., Walter, B. (eds.) Balancing Agility and Formalism in Software Engineering (CEE-SET 2007). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5082, pp. 267–278. Springer, Berlin (2008)

  86. Herman I., Melancon G., Marshall M.S.: Graph visualization and navigation in information visualization: a survey. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comp. Graph. 06(1), 24–43 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Hoffmann, M., Kühn, N., Bittner, M.: Requirements for requirements management tools. In: 12th IEEE International Conference on Requirements Engineering (RE’04) Proceedings, pp. 301–308. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2004)

  88. Hofmann H.F., Lehner F.: Requirements engineering as a success factor in software projects. IEEE Softw. 18(4), 58–66 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. IEEE: IEEE Guide to Software Requirements Specification, ANSI/IEEE Std 830-1984. IEEE Press, Piscataway (1984)

  90. IEEE: IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology. IEEE Press, Piscataway (1990)

  91. Ilieva, M.G., Ormandjieva, O.: Models derived from automatically analyzed textual user requirements. In: 4th International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications, pp. 13–21. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  92. Ilieva, M., Ormandjieva, O.: Automatic transition of natural language software requirements specification into formal presentation. In: Montoyo, A., Muñoz, R., Métais, E. (eds.) Natural Language Processing and Information Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3513, pp. 392–397. Springer, Berlin (2005)

  93. Jacobson, I.: Object-oriented development in an industrial environment. In: OOPSLA ’87: Conference Proceedings on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages and Applications, pp. 183–191. ACM, New York (1987)

  94. Jarke, M., Rolland, C., Sutcliffe, A. (eds): The NATURE of Requirements Engineering. Shaker, Aachen (1999) ISBN 978-3-8265-6174-0

    Google Scholar 

  95. Jarke M.: Requirements tracing. Commun. ACM 41(12), 32–36 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. Jarke, M., Pohl, K.: Information systems quality and quality informations systems. In: The Impact of Computer Supported Technologies in Information Systems Development, IFIP Transactions, pp. 345–375. Elsevier Science, North-Holland (1992)

  97. Jirapanthong W., Zisman A.: XTraQue: traceability for product line systems. J. Softw. Syst. Model. 8(1), 117–144 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Jouault, F.: Loosely coupled traceability for ATL. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2005 Proceedings, pp. 29–37. Sintef, Trondheim (2005). ISBN 978-82-14-03813-2

  99. Kaindl, H., Kramer, S., Diallo, P.S.N.: Semiautomatic generation of glossary links: a practical solution. In: HYPERTEXT ’99: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia: Returning to our Diverse Roots, pp. 3–12. ACM, New York (1999)

  100. Kirova V., Kirby N., Kothari D., Childress G.: Effective requirements traceability: models, tools, and practices. Bell Labs Tech. J. 12(4), 143–157 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Knuth D.E.: Literate programming. Comp. J. 27(2), 97–111 (1984)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  102. Kolovos, D.S., Paige, R.F., Polack, F.A.C.: On-demand merging of traceability links with models. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2006 Proceedings, pp. 6–14. Sintef, Trondheim (2006). ISBN 978-82-14-04030-2

  103. Königs A., Schürr A.: MDI—a rule-based multi-document and tool integration approach. J. Softw. Syst. Model. 5(4), 349–368 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  104. Kwan, I., Damian, D., Storey, M.A.: Visualizing a requirements-centred social network to maintain awareness within development teams. In: 1st International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV’06). IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  105. Lago P., Muccini H., van Vliet H.: A scoped approach to traceability management. J. Syst. Softw. 82(1), 168–182 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Lago, P., Niemelä, E., van Vliet, H.: Tool support for traceable product evolution. In: CSMR ’04: Proceedings of the 8th Euromicro Working Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering, pp. 261–269. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2004)

  107. Lee, C., Guadagno, L., Jia, X.: An agile approach to capturing requirements and traceability. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’03). ACM, New York (2003)

  108. Letelier, P.: A framework for requirements traceability in UML-based projects. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’02), pp. 32–41. ACM, New York (2002)

  109. Limón, A.E., Garbajosa, J.: The need for a unifying traceability scheme. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2005 Proceedings, pp. 47–56. Sintef, Trondheim (2005). ISBN 978-82-14-03813-2

  110. Lin, J., Lin, C.C., Cleland-Huang, J., Settimi, R., Amaya, J., Bedford, G., Berenbach, B., Khadra, O.B., Duan, C., Zou, X.: Poirot: a distributed tool supporting enterprise-wide traceability. In: 14th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’06) Proceedings, pp. 363–364. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  111. Lindvall, M.: A study of traceability in object-oriented systems development. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University (1994)

  112. Lormans, M., van Deursen, A.: Reconstructing requirements coverage views from design and test using traceability recovery via LSI. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 37–42. ACM, New York (2005)

  113. Lormans, M., van Deursen, A.: Can LSI help reconstructing requirements traceability in design and test? In: CSMR ’06: Proceedings of the Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering, pp. 47–56. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  114. Mäder, P., Gotel, O., Philippow, I.: Rule-based maintenance of post-requirements traceability relations. In: 16th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE’08) Proceedings, pp. 23–32. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2008)

  115. Mäder, P., Philippow, I., Riebisch, M.: Customizing traceability links for the unified process. In: Overhage, S., Szyperski, C.A., Reussner, R., Stafford, J.A. (eds.) Software Architectures, Components, and Applications (QoSA’07). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 4880. Springer, Berlin (2008)

  116. Maletic, J.I., Collard, M.L., Simoes, B.: An XML based approach to support the evolution of model-to-model traceability links. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 67–72. ACM, New York (2005)

  117. Marcus A., Maletic J.I., Sergeyev A.: Recovery of traceability links between software documentation and source code. Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng. 15(4), 811–836 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Marcus, A., Xie, X., Poshyvanyk, D.: When and how to visualize traceability links? In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 56–61. ACM, New York (2005)

  119. Mohan, K., Ramesh, B.: Managing variability with traceability in product and service families. In: Proceedings of the 35th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, pp. 76–94. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2002)

  120. Mohan K., Ramesh B.: Traceability-based knowledge integration in group decision and negotiation activities. Decis. Support Syst. 43(3), 968–989 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. Mohan K., Xu P., Ramesh B.: Supporting dynamic group decision and negotiation processes: a traceability augmented peer-to-peer network approach. Inf. Manag. 43(5), 650–662 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. Moran, T.P., Carroll, J.M. (eds): Design Rationale: Concepts, Techniques, and Use. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale (1995) ISBN 978-0-805-81567-2

    Google Scholar 

  123. Munson, E.V., Nguyen, T.N.: Concordance, conformance, versions, and traceability. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 62–66. ACM, New York (2005)

  124. Murta L.G.P., van der Hoek A., Werner C.M.L.: Continuous and automated evolution of architecture-to-implementation traceability links. Autom. Softw. Eng. 15(1), 75–107 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  125. Natt och Dag J., Gervasi V., Brinkkemper S., Regnell B.: A linguistic-engineering approach to large-scale requirements management. IEEE Softw. 22(1), 32–39 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  126. Natt och Dag J., Regnell B., Carlshamre P., Andersson M., Karlsson J.: A feasibility study of automated natural language requirements analysis in market-driven development. Requir. Eng. J. 7(1), 20–33 (2002)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  127. Naslavsky, L., Alspaugh, T.A., Richardson, D.J., Ziv, H.: Using scenarios to support traceability. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 25–30. ACM, New York (2005)

  128. Nentwich C., Emmerich W., Finkelstein A., Ellmer E.: Flexible consistency checking. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Meth. 12(1), 28–63 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  129. Neumuller, C., Grunbacher, P.: Automating software traceability in very small companies: a case study and lessons learne. In: ASE ’06: Proceedings of the 21st IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, pp. 145–156. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  130. Nguyen, T.N., Munson, E.V.: The software concordance: a new software document management environment. In: SIGDOC ’03: Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Conference on Documentation, pp. 198–205. ACM, New York (2003)

  131. Nguyen, T.N., Thao, C., Munson, E.V.: On product versioning for hypertexts. In: SCM ’05: Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Software Configuration Management, pp. 113–132. ACM, New York (2005)

  132. Object Management Group: A Proposal for an MDA Foundation Model. Object Management Group, Needham, ormsc/05-04-01 ed. (2005)

  133. Object Management Group: The Meta-Object Facility 2.0 Query/View/Transformation Specification. Final Adopted Specifiaction (2005)

  134. Object Management Group: The Meta-Object Facility 2.0 Core Specification. Final Adopted Specifiaction (2006)

  135. Object Management Group: OMG Systems Modeling Language. Version 1.1 (2008)

  136. Oldevik, J., Aagedal, J.: Future Research Topics Discussion. ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW ’05). http://www.sintef.no/upload/10558/Future-Research-Topics.pdf (2005)

  137. Oldevik, J., Neple, T.: Traceability in model to text transformations. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2006 Proceedings, pp. 64–69. Sintef, Trondheim (2006). ISBN 978-82-14-04030-2

  138. Olsen, G.K., Oldevik, J.: Scenarios of traceability in model to text transformations. In: Akehurst, D.H., Vogel, R., Paige, R.F. (eds.) Model Driven Architecture—Foundations and Applications (ECMDA-FA’07). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 4530, pp. 144–156. Springer, Berlin (2007)

  139. Olsson, T., Grundy, J.: Supporting traceability and inconsistency management between software artefacts. In: Proceedings of the 2002 IASTED International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications. ACTA Press, Anaheim (2002). ISBN 978-0-88986-323-1

  140. Ozkaya, I.: Representing requirement relationships. In: 1st International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV’06). IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  141. Paige, R.F., Olsen, G.K., Kolovos, D.S., Zschaler, S., Power, C.: Building model-driven engineering traceability classifications. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings, pp. 49–58. Sintef, Trondheim (2008). ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

  142. Palmer J.D.: Traceabiliy. In: Thayer, R.H., Dorfman, M. (eds) Software Requirements Engineering, 2nd edn, pp. 364–374. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  143. Pierce, R.A.: A requirements tracing tool. In: Proceedings of the Software Quality Assurance Workshop on Functional and Performance Issues, pp. 53–60. ACM, New York (1978)

  144. Pinheiro, F.A.C.: Design of a Hyper-Environment for Tracing Object-Oriented Requirements. Ph.D. thesis, University of Oxford (1996)

  145. Pinheiro F.A.C.: Requirements traceability. In: Sampaio do Prado Leite, J.C., Doorn, J.H. (eds) Perspectives on Software Requirements, pp. 93–113. Springer, Berlin (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  146. Pinheiro F.A., Goguen J.A.: An object-oriented tool for tracing requirements. IEEE Softw. 13(2), 52–64 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  147. Pohl, K.: PRO-ART: enabling requirements pre-traceability. In: 2nd International Conference on Requirements Engineering (ICRE’96) Proceedings, pp. 76–84. IEEE Computer Society, New York (1996)

  148. Pohl K.: Process-Centered Requirements Engineering. Wiley, New York (1996) ISBN 978-0-863-80193-8

    Google Scholar 

  149. Pohl, K., Haumer, P.: HYDRA: a hypertext model for structuring informal requirements representations. In: Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ’95) Proceedings. http://refsq.org (1995)

  150. Potts, C., Bruns, G.: Recording the reasons for design decisions. In: ICSE ’88: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 418–427. IEEE Computer Society, New York (1988)

  151. Pressman R.S.: Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (2004) ISBN 978-0-073-01933-8

    Google Scholar 

  152. Ramamoorthy C.V., Garg V., Prakash A.: Support for reus- ability in genesis. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 14(8), 1145–1154 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  153. Ramesh B.: Factors influencing requirements traceability practice. Commun. ACM 41(12), 37–44 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  154. Ramesh B., Dhar V.: Supporting systems development by capturing deliberations during requirements engineering. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 18(6), 498–510 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  155. Ramesh, B., Edwards, M.: Issues in the development of a requirements traceability model. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, pp. 256–259. IEEE Computer Society, New York (1993)

  156. Ramesh B., Jarke M.: Toward reference models for requirements traceability. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 27(1), 58–93 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  157. Ramesh, B., Powers, T., Stubbs, C., Edwards, M.: Implementing requirements traceability: a case study. In: 2nd IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering (RE’95) Proceedings, pp. 89–95. IEEE Computer Society, New York (1995)

  158. Ramesh B., Stubbs C., Powers T., Edwards M.: Requirements traceability: theory and practice. Ann. Softw. Eng. 3, 397–415 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  159. Ramsin R., Paige R.F.: Process-centered review of object oriented software development methodologies. ACM Comput. Surv. 40(1), 3:1–3:89 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  160. Reiss, S.P.: Incremental maintenance of software artifacts. In: 21st IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM’05), pp. 113–122. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2005)

  161. Richardson, J., Green, J.: Automating traceability for generated software artifacts. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’03), pp. 24–33. ACM, New York (2004)

  162. Rummler, A., Grammel, B., Pohl, C.: Improving traceability in model-driven development of business applications. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2007 Proceedings, pp. 7–15. Sintef, Trondheim (2007). ISBN 978-82-14-04056-2

  163. Sabetzadeh, M., Easterbrook, S.: Traceability in viewpoint merging: a model management perspective. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 44–49. ACM, New York (2005)

  164. Sherba, S.A.: Towards automating traceability: an incremental and scalable approach. Ph.D. thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, USA (2005)

  165. Sherba, S.A., Anderson, K.M., Faisal, M.: A framework for mapping traceability relationships. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’03). ACM, New York (2003)

  166. Simpson, J., Weiner, E. (eds): Oxford English Dictionary, vol. 18, 2nd edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1989) ISBN 978-0-198-61186-8

    Google Scholar 

  167. Sinha V., Sengupta B., Chandra S.: Enabling collaboration in distributed requirements management. IEEE Softw. 23(5), 52–61 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  168. Smith, M., Weiss, D., Wilcox, P., Dewar, R.: The OPHELIA traceability layer. In: 2nd Workshop on Cooperative Supports for Distributed Software Engineering Processes (CSSE 2003), pp. 150–161. FrancoAngeli, Benevento (2003)

  169. Sousa, A., Kulesza, U., Rummler, A., Anquetil, N., Moreira, R.M.A., Amaral, V., Araújo, J.A.: A model-driven traceability framework to software product line development. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2008 Proceedings, pp. 97–109. Sintef, Trondheim (2008). ISBN 978-82-14-04396-9

  170. Spanoudakis, G., d’Avila Garcez, A.S., Zisman, A.: Revising rules to capture requirements traceability relations: a machine learning approach. In: 15th International Conference in Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE 2003) Proceedings, pp. 570–577. Knowledge Systems Institute, Skokie (2003). ISBN 978-1-891706-12-7

  171. Spanoudakis G., Zisman A.: Software traceability: a roadmap. In: Chang, S.K. (eds) Handbook of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, vol. 3—Recent Advances, pp. 395–428. World Scientific, Singapore (2005) ISBN 978-9-8125-6273-9

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  172. Spanoudakis G., Zisman A., Pérez-Miñana E., Krause P.: Rule-based generation of requirements traceability relations. J. Syst. Softw. 72(2), 105–127 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  173. Stirewalt, R.E.K., Deng, M., Cheng, B.H.C.: UML formalization is a traceability problem. In: TEFSE ’05: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, pp. 31–36. ACM, New York (2005)

  174. Stone, A., Sawyer, P.: Finding tacit knowledge by solving the pre-requirements tracing problem. In: Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ’05) Proceedings. http://refsq.org (2005)

  175. Stone A., Sawyer P.: Identifying tacit knowledge-based requirements. IEE Proc. Softw. 153(6), 211–218 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  176. Strašunskas, D.: Traceability in collaborative systems development from lifecycle perspective. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE ’02). ACM, New York (2002)

  177. Strašunskas, D.: Domain model-centric distributed development: an approach to semantics-based change impact management. Ph.D. thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway (2006)

  178. Strašunskas D., Hakkarainen S.: Domain model driven approach to change impact assessment. In: Linger, H., Fisher, J., Wojtkowski, W.G., Wojtkowski, W., Zupančič, J., Vigo, K., Arnold, J. (eds) Constructing the Infrastructure for the Knowledge Economy: Methods and Tools, Theory and Practice, pp. 305–316. Springer, Berlin (2004) ISBN 978-0-306-48554-1

    Google Scholar 

  179. Tilbury, A.J.M.: Enabling software traceability. In: IEE Colloquium on the Application of Computer Aided Software Engineering Tools, pp. 7/1–7/4. IEEE, London (1989)

  180. Trainer, E., Quirk, S., de Souza, C., Redmiles, D.: Bridging the gap between technical and social dependencies with Ariadne. In: Eclipse Technology Exchange (eTX) Workshop. ACM, New York (2005)

  181. van den Berg, K., Conejero, J.M., Hernández, J.: Analysis of crosscutting across software development phases based on traceability. In: EA ’06: Proceedings of the 2006 International Workshop on Early Aspects at ICSE, pp. 43–50. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  182. van Gorp, P., Altheide, F., Janssens, D.: Towards 2D traceability in a platform for contract aware visual transformations with tolerated inconsistencies. In: Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, IEEE International, pp. 185–198. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

  183. van Gorp P., Janssens D.: CAViT: a consistency maintenance framework based on transformation contracts. In: Cordy, J.R., Lämmel, R., Winter, A. (eds) Transformation Techniques in Software Engineering, no. 05161 in Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, LZI, Wadern (2006) ISSN 1862-4405

    Google Scholar 

  184. van Lamsweerde, A.: Formal specification: a roadmap. In: Proceedings of the Conference on The Future of Software Engineering (at ICSE ’00), pp. 147–159. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2000)

  185. van Lamsweerde, A.: Goal-oriented requirements engineering: a guided tour. In: 5th IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering (RE ’01) Proceedings. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2001)

  186. von Pilgrim, J.: Mental map and model driven development. In: Fish, A., Knapp, A., Störrle, H. (eds.) Proceedings of the Workshop on the Layout of (Software) Engineering Diagrams (LED 2007), Electronic Communications of the EASST, vol. 7, pp. 17–32 (2007). ISSN 1863-2122

  187. von Pilgrim, J., Vanhooff, B., Schulz-Gerlach, I., Berbers, Y.: Constructing and visualizing transformation chains. In: Model Driven Architecture—Foundations and Applications (ECMDA-FA’08). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5095, pp. 17–32. Springer, Berlin (2008). ISBN 978-3-540-69095-5

  188. van der Straeten, R., Mens, T., Simmonds, J., Jonckers, V.: Using description logic to maintain consistency between UML models. In: UML 2003: The Unified Modeling Language Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2863, pp. 326–340. Springer, Berlin (2003)

  189. Vanhooff, B., Ayed, D., Van Baelen, S., Joosen, W., Berbers, Y.: UniTI: a unified transformation infrastructure. In: Engels, G., Opdyke, B., Schmidt, D.C., Weil, F. (eds.) Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference (MoDELS 2007). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 4735, pp. 31–45. Springer, Berlin (2007). ISBN 978-3-540-75208-0

  190. Vanhooff, B., Baelen, S.V., Joosen, W., Berbers, Y.: Traceability as input for model transformations. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2007 Proceedings, pp. 37–46. Sintef, Trondheim (2007). ISBN 978-82-14-04056-2

  191. von Knethen, A.: Change-Oriented Requirements Engineering. Support for Evolution of Embedded Systems. Ph.D. thesis, Universität Kaiserslautern, Germany (2001)

  192. von Knethen, A., Grund, M.: QuaTrace: a tool environment for (semi-) automatic impact analysis based on traces. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM 2003), pp. 246–255. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2003)

  193. von Knethen, A., Paech, B.: A survey on tracing approaches in practice and research. Research Report 095.01/E, Fraunhofer IESE, Kaiserslautern, Germany (2002)

  194. Walderhaug, S., Johansen, U., Stav, E., Aagedal, J.: Towards a generic solution for traceability in MDD. In: ECMDA Traceability Workshop (ECMDA-TW) 2006 Proceedings, pp. 41–50. Sintef, Trondheim (2006). ISBN 978-82-14-04030-2

  195. Walderhaug S., Stav E., Johansen U., Olsen G.K.: Traceability in model-driven software development. In: Tiako, P.F. (eds) Designing Software-Intensive Systems: Methods and Principles, pp. 133–159. Idea Group Publishing, Hershey (2008) ISBN: 978-1599046990

    Google Scholar 

  196. Watkins R., Neal M.: Why and how of requirements tracing. IEEE Softw. 11(4), 104–106 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  197. Wenzel, S., Hutter, H., Kelter, U.: Tracing model elements. In: 23rd International Conference on Software Maintenance (ISCM’07), pp. 104–113. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2007)

  198. Whittle, J., Baalen, J.V., Schumann, J., Robinson, P., Pressburger, T., Penix, J., Oh, P., Lowry, M., Brat, G.: Amphion/NAV: deductive synthesis of state estimation software. In: ASE ’01: Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, pp. 395–399. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2001)

  199. Wiegers K.E.: Software Requirements, 2nd end. Microsoft Press, Redmond (2003) ISBN 978-0-735-61879-4

    Google Scholar 

  200. Wieringa, R.: An introduction to requirements traceability. Tech. rep., Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1995)

  201. Winkler, S.: On usability in requirements trace. Visualizations. In: 3rd International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV’08). IEEE Computer Society, New York (2008)

  202. Zou, X., Settimi, R., Cleland-Huang, J.: Phrasing in dynamic requirements trace retrieval. In: 30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC’06), pp. 265–272. IEEE Computer Society, New York (2006)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. FernUniversität in Hagen, 58084, Hagen, Germany

    Stefan Winkler & Jens von Pilgrim

Authors
  1. Stefan Winkler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jens von Pilgrim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stefan Winkler.

Additional information

Communicated by Prof. Richard Paige.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Winkler, S., von Pilgrim, J. A survey of traceability in requirements engineering and model-driven development. Softw Syst Model 9, 529–565 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-009-0145-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-009-0145-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation