Abstract
This paper demonstrates a climate change impact study on the hydrological process of a data-scarce Greek watershed. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and, particularly, the ArcSWAT interface was used for the watershed simulation. The ERA-Interim reanalysis climate data regarding the period from 1981 to 2000 were used for the historical simulation of the watershed. The ArcSWAT simulated data were evaluated against the observed discharge data for the periods with the available data. The statistical evaluation confirmed the ArcSWAT model’s capability in simulating the hydrological process of the research area. The climate change consequences on the hydrological components of the research area until the end of the twenty-first century were estimated by driving the ArcSWAT model with the Regional Climate Model Version 4 (RegCM4) forcing data under the extreme RCP 8.5 scenario, namely the simulations of the MPI and HadGEM2 general circulation models (GCMs), resulted from the spatio-temporal kriging approach. Based on the results, the increase in the minimum and the maximum temperature contributed to an increase in the actual evapotranspiration and the surface runoff. In contrast, the temperature increase caused a reduction in the infiltration. An increase (reduction) in the precipitation led to an increase (reduction) in the hydrological components. The climate change impact analysis of the Greek watershed showed that not only the precipitation changes but the temperature changes as well directly influence the water balance components of the research area and particularly the infiltration.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbaspour KC, Vaghefi SA, Srinivasan RA (2017) Guideline for successful calibration and uncertainty analysis for soil and water assessment: a review of papers from the 2016 International SWAT Conference. Water 2018:10(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/w10010006
Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raes D, Smith M (1998) Crop evapotranspiration—guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome
Arnold JG, Srinivasan R, Muttiath RS, Williams JR (1998) Large area hydrologic modelling and assessment part I: model development. J Am Water Resour Assoc 34(1):73–89
Arnold JG, Moriasi DN, Gassman P, Abbaspour KC, White MJ, Srinivasan R, Harnal RD, van Griensven A, van Liew MW, Kanman N, Jha MK (2012) SWAT: model use, calibration and validation. ASABE 55(4):1491–1508
Baltas E, Karaliolidou MC (2002) Hydrological effects of land use and climate changes in northern Greece. J Land Use Sci 2(4):225–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/17474230701622908
Bilas G, Dionysiou N, Karapetsas N; Silleos K, Misopolinos N (2016) Development of a national geodatabase (Greece) for soil surveys and land evaluation using space technology and GIS. European Geosciences Union General Assembly 17–22 April 2016 Vienna, Austria
Brouziyne Y, Abouabdillah A, Bouabid R, Benaabidate L, Oueslati O (2017) SWAT manual calibration and parameters sensitivity analysis in a semi-arid watershed in North-Western Morocco. Arab J Geosci 10(427):1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-017-3220-9
Candela L, Tamoh K, Olivares O, Gomez M (2012) Modelling impacts of climate change on water resources in ungauged and data-scarce watersheds. Application to the Siurana catchment (NE Spain). Sci Total Environ 440:253–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.062
Collins WJ, Bellouin N, Doutriaux-Boucher M, Gedney N, Halloran P, Hinton T, Hughes J, Jones CD, Joshi M, Liddicoat S, Martin G, O’Connor F, Rae J, Senior C, Sitch S, Totterdell I, Wiltshire A, Woodward S (2011) Development and evaluation of an earth-system model HadGEM2. Geosci Model Dev Discuss 4:997–1062. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-4-9972011
Dlamini NS, Kamal MR, Soom MA, bin Mohd SF, AFB A, Hin LS (2017) Modeling potential impacts of climate change on streamflow using projections of the 5th assessment report for the Bernam River basin, Malaysia. Water 9(226). https://doi.org/10.3390/w9030226
Emam AR, Kappas M, Linh NHK, Renchin T (2017) Hydrological modeling and runoff mitigation in an ungauged basin of Central Vietnam using SWAT model. Hydrology 4(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology4010016hydrology
Essou GRC, Sabarly F, Lucas-Picher P, Brissette F, Poulin A (2016) Can precipitation and temperature from meteorological reanalyses be used for hydrological modelling? J Hydrometeorol 17:1929–1950
Ficklin DL, Luo Y, Luedeling E, Zhang M (2009) Climate change sensitivity assessment of a highly agricultural watershed using SWAT. J Hydrol 374:16–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydrol.2009.05.016
Gassman PW, Reyes MR, Green CH, Arnold JG (2007) The Soil and Water Assessment Tool: historical development, applications, and future research directions. Trans ASABE 50(4):1211–1250. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.23637
Gassman PW, Balmer C, Srinivasan R (2014a) The SWAT literature database: overview of database structure and key SWAT literature trends. In: Proceedings of the 2014 SWAT conference, 28 July–1 August 2014, Pernambuco. Texas Water Resource Institute Technical Report no. TR-472. Available from: http://swat.tamu.edu/ conferences/2014/. Accessed 10 March 2015
Gassman PW, Sadeghi AM, Srinivasan R (2014b) Applications of the SWAT model, special section: overview and insights. J Environ Qual 43:1–8. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.11.0466
Giorgetta MA, Jungclaus J, Reick CH, Legutke S, Bader J, Böttinger M, Brovkin V, Crueger T, Esch M, Fieg K, Glushak K, Gayler V, Haak H, Hollweg HD, Ilyina T, Kinne S, Kornblueh L, Matei D, Mauritsen T, Mikolajewicz U, Mueller W, Notz D, Pithan F, Raddatz T, Rast S, Redler R, Roeckner E, Schmidt H, Schnur R, Segschneider J, Six KD, Stockhause M, Timmreck C, Wegner J, Widmann H, Wieners KH, Claussen M, Marotzke J, Stevens B (2013) Climate and carbon cycle changes from 1850 to 2100 in MPI-ESM simulations for the coupled model intercomparison project phase 5. J Adv Model Earth Syst 5:572–597. https://doi.org/10.1002/jame.20038
Giorgi F, Coppola E, Solmon F, Mariotti L, Sylla MB, Bi X, Elguindi N, Diro GT, Nair V, Giuliani G, Turuncoglu UU, Cozzini S, Güttler I, O’Brien TA, Tawfik AB, Shalaby A, Zakey AS, Steiner AL, Stordal F, Sloan LC, Brankovic C (2012) RegCM4: model description and preliminary tests over multiple CORDEX domains. Climate Res 52:7–29. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01018
IPCC Climate Change 2013. Synthesis Report. 2013. Available online: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/. Accessed on 10 October 2018
Jones CD, Hughes JK, Belloin N, Hardiman C, Jones GS, Knight J, Liddicoat S, O’Connor FM, Andres RJ, Bell C, Boo KO, Bozzo A, Butchart N, Cadule P, Corbin KD, Doutriaux-Boucher M, Friedlingstein P, Gornall J, Gray L, Halloran PR, Hurtt G, Ingram WJ, Lamarque JF, Law RM, Meinshausen M, Osprey S, Palin EJ, Chini LP, Raddatz T, Sanderson MG, Sellar AA, Schurer A, Valdes P, Wood N, Woodward S, Yoshioka M, Zerroukat M (2011) The HadGEM2-ES implementation of CMIP5 centennial simulations. Geosci Model Dev 4:543–570. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-543-2011
Kalogeropoulos K, Chalkias C (2013) Modelling the impacts of climate change on surface runoff in small Mediterranean catchments: empirical evidence from Greece. Water Environ J 27:505–513. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2012.00369.x
Köppen W (1954) Classification of climates and world patterns. In: Trewartha GT (ed) An Introduction to Climate. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 225–226
Krishnan N, Raj C, Chaubey I, Sudheer KP (2018) Parameter estimation of SWAT and quantification of consequent confidence bands of model simulations. Environ Earth Sci 77(470):1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7619-8
Krysanova V, Srinivasan R (2015) Assessment of climate and land use change impacts with SWAT. Reg Environ Chang 15(431–434):431–434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0742-5
Lazoglou G, Anagnostopoulou C, Koundouras S (2018) Climate change projections for Greek viticulture as simulated by a regional climate model. Theor Appl Climatol 133(1–2):551–567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-017-2198-2
Moriasi DN, Arnold JG, Liew MW, Binger RL, Harmel RD, Veith TL (2007) Model evaluation guidelines for systematic quantification of accuracy in watershed simulations. Trans ASABE 50(3):885–900
Neitsch SL, Arnold JD, Kiniry JR, Williams JR, King KW (2005) Soil and water assessment tool theoretical documentation. Version 2005. Texas Water Resource Institute, College station
Nkiaka E, Nawaz NR, Lovett JC (2017) Evaluating global reanalysis datasets as input for hydrological modelling in the Sudano-Sahel region. Hydrology 4(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology4010013
Odusanya AE, Mehdi B, Schürz C, Oke AO, Awokola OS, Awomeso JA, Adejuwon JO, Schulz K (2019) Multi-site calibration and validation of SWAT with satellite-based evapotranspiration in a data-sparse catchment in southwestern Nigeria. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 23:1113–1144. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1113-2019
Panagopoulos Y, Makropoulos C, Baltas E, Mimikou M (2011) SWAT parameterization for the identification of critical diffuse pollution source area under data limitations. Ecol Model 222:3500–3512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.08.008
Penman HL (1956) Evaporation: an introductory survey. Neth J Agric Sci 1956(4):7–29
Popke D, Stevens B, Voigt A (2013) Climate and climate change in a radiative-convective equilibrium version of ECHAM6. J Adv in Model Earth Syst 5:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012MS000191
Romanou A, Tselioudis G, Zerefos CS, Clayson A, Curry JA, Andersson A (2010) Evaporation–precipitation variability over the Mediterranean and the Black Seas from satellite and reanalysis estimates. J Clim 23(19):5268–5287. https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3525.1
Schumm SA (1981) Evolution and response of the fluvial system, sedimentological implications. In: Ethridge FG, Flores RM (eds) Recent and 760 Geomorphic Classification of Rivers Nonmarine Depositional Environments. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), Special Publication 31, Tulsa, pp 19–29
Serpa D, Nunes JP, Santos J, Sampaio E, Jacinto R, Veiga S, Lima JC, Moreira M, Corte-Real J, Keizer JJ, Abrantes N (2015) Impacts of climate and land use changes on the hydrological and erosion process of two contrasting Mediterranean catchments. Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.033
Soil Conservation Service (1972) Section 4: hydrology in National Engineering Handbook, SCS, 1972
Srinivasan R, Zhang X, Arnold J (2010) SWAT ungauged hydrological budget and crop yield predictions in the Upper Mississippi River Basin. Trans ASABE Am Soc Agric Biol Eng 5(53):1533–1546
Stehr Α, Debels P, Romero F, Alcayaga H (2008) Hydrological modelling with SWAT under conditions of limited data availability: evaluation of results from a Chilean case study. Hydrol Sci 53(3):588–601. https://doi.org/10.1623/hysj.53.3.588
Taylor ΚΕ (2001) Summarizing multiple aspects of model performance in a single diagram. J Geophys Res 106(D7):7183–7192
Thornthwaite CW, Mather JR (1955) The water balance. Publications in Climatology 88:1-104, Laboratory of Climatology, Climatologic Dresel Institute of Technology
Tuppad P, Douglas-Mankin KR, Srinivasan R, Arnold JG (2011) Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic/water quality model: extended capability and wider adoption. Trans ASABE 54:1677–1684
Van Vuuren DP, Emonds J, Kainuma M, Riahi K, Thomson A, Hibbard K, Hurtt GC, Kram T, Krey V, Lamarque JF, Masui T, Meinshausen M, Nakicenovic N, Smith SJ, Rose SK (2011) The representative concentration pathways: an overview. Clim Chang 109:5–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0148-z
Venetsanou P, Papadopoulos E, Mattas C (2017) Preliminary results from the hydrogeological investigation of the coastal aquifer of the Havrias basin (Halkidiki, Northern Greece). The application of the Swot analysis. 11th International Hydrogeological Congress of Greece, Athens
Venetsanou P, Anagnostopoulou C, Loukas A, Voudouris K (2018) Analysis of climate future projections using spatio-temporal Kriging method, 2019, 14th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics, October 15-17 2018 Alexandroupolis Greece
Venetsanou P, Anagnostopoulou C, Loukas A, Lazoglou G, Voudouris K (2019) Minimizing the uncertainties of RCMs climate data by using spatio-temporal geostatistical modeling. Earth Sci Inf 12:183–196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-018-0361-7
Voudouris K (2013) Evapotranspiration, In Engineering Geology, Tziolas, Thessaloniki, pp 94–95
Funding
This research has been financially supported by General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT) and the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) (Scholarship Code 174, 95543).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Venetsanou, P., Anagnostopoulou, C., Loukas, A. et al. Hydrological impacts of climate change on a data-scarce Greek catchment. Theor Appl Climatol 140, 1017–1030 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03130-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03130-6