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GHCL: Gaussian heuristic curriculum learning for Brain CT report generation

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Abstract

Brain computed tomography (CT) report generation, which aims at generating accurate and descriptive reports for Brain CT imaging, has gained growing attention from researchers. Existing works mainly train a language-generation model with complex image-text pairs for supervision, which still struggled with the following challenges: 1) the serious long-tail distribution of textual supervise signals led by imbalanced text length distribution, and 2) the insufficient medical data caused by expensive expert intervention. In this paper, we propose a novel Gaussian heuristic curriculum learning (GHCL) model to effectively tackle the long-tail data distribution and optimally utilize the limited training data. Specifically, our training process mimics the learning process of physicians in a step-wise paradigm. Firstly, we evaluate the scores of training difficulty for each sample through two elaborately designed Gaussian heuristic metrics. Then, during the training of the language-generation model, we iteratively select the most suitable batch of training samples, which is comprehensively considered by the calculated scores of training difficulty. In this way, GHCL can effectively guide the progressive learning of the report generation model and boost the quality of generated Brain CT reports. We comprehensively compare the method with previous state-of-the-art models on the Brain CT report generation dataset BCT-CHR. Experimental results demonstrate that our method surpasses previous state-of-the-art approaches and GHCL is flexible to combine with existing approaches to further improve the performance.

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Data availability

The datasets are not publicly available due to that we do not have permission to make them public, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Notes

  1. https://github.com/fxsjy/jieba.

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Funding

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61906007 and 62276010, in part by the R &D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission under Grant KM202110005022 and KZ202210005009.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China

    Qingya Shen, Yanzhao Shi, Xiaodan Zhang & Junzhong Ji

  2. Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China

    Ying Liu & Huimin Xu

Authors
  1. Qingya Shen
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  6. Huimin Xu
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Contributions

QS, XZ and YL: contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by QS and YS, and reviewing and editing were mainly performed by XZ and JJ. Data collection and clinical analysis were performed by YL and HX. YL: contributed crucial medical knowledge for the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xiaodan Zhang or Ying Liu.

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Communicated by B. Bao.

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Shen, Q., Shi, Y., Zhang, X. et al. GHCL: Gaussian heuristic curriculum learning for Brain CT report generation. Multimedia Systems 30, 69 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-024-01266-3

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