Abstract
Energy futures are a very significant part of commodity futures, no less than the influence of the spot market. A novel hybrid neural network (denote by E-STERNN) is proposed through combining Elman recurrent neural network model with stochastic time strength (ST-ERNN), and ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is also introduced to improve the performance of forecasting neural network system for energy markets. ST-ERNN model is established for taking into account the weight of energy historical data with time variations. EEMD is an algorithm that decomposes any non-stationary and nonlinear time series into simple and independent time sequence. From the empirical research for four global energy market prices, the proposed hybrid E-STERNN model is verified to have higher prediction accuracy compared with the original ERNN and the ST-ERNN models. Moreover, a new error evaluation approach, called the exponent of multi-scale composite complexity synchronization (EMCCS), is utilized to analyze and estimate the prediction performance, and the demonstration analyses confirm that the hybrid E-STERNN model has higher prediction accuracy for global energy futures indexes.
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- ERNN:
-
Elman recurrent neural network
- ST-ERNN:
-
Elman recurrent neural network model with stochastic time strength
- EEMD:
-
Ensemble empirical mode decomposition
- EMD:
-
Empirical mode decomposition
- ANN:
-
Artificial neural network
- IMF:
-
Intrinsic mode functions
- WTI:
-
West Texas Intermediate crude oil
- Brent:
-
Brent crude oil
- PTR (NYSE):
-
PetroChina Co. Ltd.
- CEO (NYSE):
-
China National Offshore Oil Co. Ltd.
- MCCS:
-
Multi-scale composite complexity synchronization
- CID:
-
Complexity invariant distance
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The authors were supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No. 71271026.
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Zhang, L., Wang, J. Forecasting global crude oil price fluctuation by novel hybrid E-STERNN model and EMCCS assessment. Soft Comput 25, 2647–2663 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-020-05327-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-020-05327-3