Abstract
Although general purpose computations on graphics processing unit (GPGPU) technologies are available even on GPUs, their performance has been seriously affected by the underlying dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) mechanism of GPU. In order to save the energy, eventually prolonging the battery life, the DVFS adjusts the GPU’s frequency according to the past utilization. When the GPU processes graphic tasks only, it is enough to process them within a fixed time (typically 30–60 frames per second), so the DVFS parameters can be conservatively set. However, in GPGPU case, the GPU should process them at much higher rates depending on applications. Although a modification of DVFS parameters may improve the GPGPU performance, the energy efficiency is sacrificed, and the performance of graphic tasks is affected, as these parameters are shared by both graphic and GPGPU tasks. In order to improve the GPGPU performance without influencing the graphic performance, we devise the new GPGPU-Perf algorithm that adjusts the DVFS parameters such as thresholds and an interval. The new algorithm controls the frequency more intelligently for mobile GPGPU applications, and thus the performance over energy increases by 1.44 times with no influences on graphic tasks and any modifications of GPGPU algorithms. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first work that proposes a GPU-DVFS algorithm for GPGPU applications.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by NRF in Korea (2012R1A2A2A01046246, 2012R1A2A2A06047007, 2014K1A3A1A17073365) and MCST/KOCCA in the CT R&D program 2014 (R2014060011). Young J. Kim is the corresponding author.
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Kim, S., Kim, Y.J. GPGPU-Perf: efficient, interval-based DVFS algorithm for mobile GPGPU applications. Vis Comput 31, 1045–1054 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-015-1111-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-015-1111-1