Zusammenfassung
Seit mehr als 9000 Jahren ist Alkohol fester Bestandteil unserer Gesellschaft und wird als Genussmittel, Medizin sowie als Gift angesehen. Trotz früher Dokumentation negativer Folgeerscheinungen von überhöhtem Alkoholkonsum, erfolgte erst 1968 die Einstufung der Alkoholabhängigkeit als Krankheit im Recht der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung, was schließlich den Aufbau von suchtmedizinischer Versorgung ermöglichte.
Therapieansätze einer Alkoholgebrauchsstörung umfassen u. a. psychotherapeutische und medikamentöse Interventionen zur Aufrechterhaltung einer Abstinenz sowie zur Trinkmengenreduktion. Dabei beinhalten verschiedene psychotherapeutische Verfahren neben der Modifikation des Trinkverhaltens auch das Training sozialer Fertigkeiten. In den aktuellen AWMF-S3-Leitlinien wird für die allgemein-medizinische Versorgung ein routinemäßiges Screening auf alkoholbezogene Störungen empfohlen, um erste Interventionen frühzeitig einleiten zu können.
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Beck, A., Rosenthal, A., Müller, C., Heinz, A., Charlet, K. (2018). Alkohol. In: von Heyden, M., Jungaberle, H., Majić, T. (eds) Handbuch Psychoaktive Substanzen. Springer Reference Psychologie . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55125-3_32
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