Abstract
This paper presents an information-theoretic method for performing steganography and steganalysis using a statistical model of the cover medium. The methodology is general, and can be applied to virtually any type of media. It provides answers for some fundamental questions which have not been fully addressed by previous steganographic methods, such as how large a message can be hidden without risking detection by certain statistical methods, and how to achieve this maximum capacity. Current steganographic methods have been shown to be insecure against fairly simple statistical attacks. Using the model-based methodology, an example steganography method is proposed for JPEG images which achieves a higher embedding efficiency and message capacity than previous methods while remaining secure against first order statistical attacks.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, R.J., Petitcolas, F.A.P.: On the Limits of Steganography. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communications: Special Issue on Copyright and Privacy Protection 16(4), 474–481 (1998)
Buccigrossi, R.W., Simoncelli, E.P.: Progressive Wavelet Image Coding Based on a Conditional Probability Model. In: Proceedings ICASSP 1997, Munich, Germany (1997)
Cachin, C.: An Information-Theoretic Model for Steganography. In: Aucsmith, D. (ed.) IH 1998. LNCS, vol. 1525, p. 306. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Cover, T., Thomas, J.: Elements of Information Theory. Wiley, New York (1991)
Farid, H., Lyu, S.: Detecting Hidden Messages Using Higher-Order Statistics and Support Vector Machines. In: Petitcolas, F.A.P. (ed.) IH 2002. LNCS, vol. 2578, pp. 340–354. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Hogea, D.: Attacking the OutGuess. In: Proc. ACM: Special Session on Multimedia Security and Watermarking, Juan-les-Pins, France (2002)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Hogea, D.: Steganalysis of JPEG Images: Breaking the F5 Algorithm. In: Petitcolas, F.A.P. (ed.) IH 2002. LNCS, vol. 2578, pp. 310–323. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Petitcolas, F.: MP3Stego (1998), http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~fapp2/steganography/mp3stego
Provos, N.: Defending Against Statistical Steganalysis. In: Proc. 10th USENIX Security Symposium, Washington, DC (2001)
Simoncelli, E.P., Adelson, E.H.: Noise Removal Via Bayesian Wavelet Coring. In: 3rd IEEE Int’l Conf Image Processing, Lausanne, Switzerland (1996)
Westfeld, A., Pfitzmann, A.: Attacks on Steganographic Systems. In: Pfitzmann, A. (ed.) IH 1999. LNCS, vol. 1768, pp. 61–75. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Westfeld, A.: High Capacity Despite Better Steganalysis (F5 - A Steganographic Algorithm). In: Moskowitz, I.S. (ed.) IH 2001. LNCS, vol. 2137, pp. 289–302. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Witten, I.H., Neal, R.M., Cleary, J.G.: Arithmetic coding for data compression. Communications of the ACM 30(6) (1987)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sallee, P. (2004). Model-Based Steganography. In: Kalker, T., Cox, I., Ro, Y.M. (eds) Digital Watermarking. IWDW 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2939. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24624-4_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24624-4_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-21061-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-24624-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive