Abstract
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a fast-growing emergent technology in which researchers aim to build a direct channel between the human brain and the computer. It is a collaboration in which a brain accepts and controls a mechanical device as a natural part of its representation of the body. The BCI can lead to many applications especially for disabled persons. Most of these applications are related to disable persons in which they can help them in living as normal people. Wheelchair control is one of the famous applications in this field. In addition, the BCI research aims to emulate the human brain. This would be beneficial in many fields including the Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence. Throughout this chapter, an introduction to the main concepts behind the BCI is given, the concepts of the brain anatomy is explained, and the BCI different signals are stated. In addition, the used hardware and software for the BCI are elaborated.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Melody, M.: Real-world applications for brain-computer interface technology. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 11(2), 162–165 (2003)
Pei, X., Barbour, D., Leuthardt, E., Schalk, G.: Decoding vowels and consonants in spoken and imagined words using electrocorticographic signals in humans. J. Neural. Eng. 8(4), 1–11 (2011)
Azar, A.T., Balas, V.E., Olariu, T.: Classification of EEG-based brain-computer interfaces. advanced intelligent computational technologies and decision support systems. Stud. Comput. Intell. 486, 97–106 (2014)
Buckner, R., Andrews-Hanna, J., Schacter, D.: The brain’s default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1124, 1–38 (2008)
Minshew, N., Keller, T.: The nature of brain dysfunction in autism: functional brain imaging studies. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 23, 124–130 (2010)
Gilbert, S., Dumontheil, I., Simons, J., Frith, C., Burgess, P.: Wandering minds: the default network and stimulus-independent thought. Sci. Mag. 315(5810), 393–395 (2007)
Looney, D., Kidmose, P., Mandic, P.: Ear-EEG: user-centered and wearable BCI. Brain-Comput. Interface Res. Biosyst. Biorobot. 6, 41–50 (2014)
Kameswara, T., Rajyalakshmi, M., Prasad, T.: An exploration on brain computer interface and its recent trends. Int. J. Adv. Res. Artif. Intell. (IJARI) 1(8), 17–22 (2013)
Wolpaw, J., Birbaumer, N., McFarland, D., Pfurtscheller, G., Vaughan, T.: Brain–computer interfaces for communication and control. Clin. Neurophysiol. 113, 767–791 (2002)
He, B.: Neural engineering. Springer publisher, New York, ISBN:978-1-4614-5226-3 (2013)
Wolpaw, J.: Brain-Computer interfaces: signals, methods, and goals. Proceeding of 1st international IEEE EMBS conference on neural engineering, vol. 1, pp. 584–585 (2003)
Lebedev, M., Nicolelis, M.: Brain–machine interfaces: past, present and future. Trends Neurosci. 29(9), 536–546 (2006)
Pfurtscheller G. Neuper. C.: Motor imagery and direct brain computer communication. Proc. IEEE 89(7), 1123,113 (2001)
Schalk, G., Mellinger, J.: A practical guide to brain-computer interfacing with BCI. Springer, ISBN:978-1849960915 (2010)
Yang, Z., Wang, Y., Ouyang, G.: Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for classification of background EEG signals from ESES patients and controls. Sci. World J. 2014, 140863 (2014)
Middendorf, M., Mcmillan, G., Calhoun, G., Jones, K.S.: Brain computer interfaces based on steady state visual evoked response. IEEE Trans. Rehabil. Eng. 8(2), 211–214 (2000)
Tamara, B., Howard, J.: Privacy by design in brain-computer interfaces. University of Washington, UWEE, technical report number UWEETR-2013-0001 (2013)
Ebner, A., Sciarretta, G., Epstein, C., Nuwer, M.: EEG instrumentation. The international federation of clinical neurophysiology. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. Suppl. 52, 7–10 (1999)
Xian-Jie, P., Tie-Jun, L., De-Zhong, Y.: Design of an EEG preamplifier for brain-computer interface. J. Electr. Sci Technol China 7(1), 56–60 (2009)
Robert, O., Pascal, F., Eric, M., Jan-Mathijs, S.: FieldTrip: open source software for advanced analysis of MEG, EEG, and invasive electrophysiological data. J. Comput. Intell. Neurosci. 2011, 156869 (2011)
Lingaratnam, S., Murray, D., Carle, A., Kirsa, S., Paterson, R., Rischin, D.: Developing a performance data suite to facilitate lean improvement in a chemotherapy day unit. J. Oncol. Pract. 9(4), 115–121 (2013)
Arnaud, D., Christian K., Andrey V., Nima B., Robert O., Thorsten Z., Scott M.: MATLAB-based tools for BCI research. In: Desney, S.T., Anton, N. (eds.) (B + H)CI: the human in brain-computer interfaces and the brain in human-computer interaction book. ISBN 978-1-84996-271-1, Springer, Chap. 14, pp. 241–259 (2010)
Arindam, D., Robins, K., Suruchi, M., Sanjay, C., Alakananda, B., Anirban, D.: A low-cost point-of-care testing system for psychomotor symptoms of depression affecting standing balance: a preliminary study in india. Depression Res. Treat. 2013, 640861 (2013)
Setijadi, A., Novanda, O., Mengko, T.: Development of an experimental portable electroencephalograph (case study: alpha wave detector). International conference on electrical engineering and informatics (ICEEI), vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 17–19 (2011)
Chatelle, C., Chennu, S., Noirhomme, Q., Cruse, D., Owen, A.M., Laureys, S.: Brain-computer interfacing in disorders of consciousness. Brain Inj. 26(12), 1510–1522 (2012)
Anupama, H., Cauvery, N., Lingaraju, G.: Brain computer interface and its types-a study. Int. J. Adv. Eng. Technol (IJAET) 3(2), 739–745 (2012)
Jan, B., Van, E., Fabien, L., Michael, T.: Brain computer interfaces: beyond medical applications. IEEE Comput. Soc. 45(4), 26–34 (2012)
Rabie, A., Ahmed, E., Mohamed, A.: JustThink: smart BCI applications. Proceedings of seventh international conference on bio-inspired computing: theories and applications. advances in intelligent systems and computing, vol. 201, pp. 461–472 (2012)
Alwasiti, H., Aris, I., Jantan, A.A.: Brain computer interface design and applications: challenges and future. World Appl. Sci. J. 11(7), 819–825 (2010)
Wang, U., Wang, Y., Jung, T.: A cell-phone based brain-computer interface for communication in daily life. Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on artificial intelligence and computational intelligence (AICI’10), pp. 233–240 (2010)
Reza Fazel-Rezai (ed.): Brain-Computer Interface Systems - Recent Progress and Future Prospects, ISBN: 978-953-51-1134-4, InTech. Chap. 11, pp. 37–39, (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ramadan, R.A., Refat, S., Elshahed, M.A., Ali, R.A. (2015). Basics of Brain Computer Interface. In: Hassanien, A., Azar, A. (eds) Brain-Computer Interfaces. Intelligent Systems Reference Library, vol 74. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10978-7_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10978-7_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-10977-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-10978-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)