Abstract
Distributed real-time systems such as automotive applications are becoming larger and more complex, thus, requiring the use of more powerful hardware and software architectures. Furthermore, those distributed applications commonly have stringent real-time constraints. This implies that such applications would gain in flexibility if they were parallelized and distributed over the system. In this paper, we consider the problem of allocating fixed-priority fork-join Parallel/Distributed real-time tasks onto distributed multi-core nodes connected through a Flexible Time Triggered Switched Ethernet network. We analyze the system requirements and present a set of formulations based on a constraint programming approach. Constraint programming allows us to express the relations between variables in the form of constraints. Our approach is guaranteed to find a feasible solution, if one exists, in contrast to other approaches based on heuristics. Furthermore, approaches based on constraint programming have shown to obtain solutions for these type of formulations in reasonable time.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Garibay-Martínez, R., Nelissen, G., Ferreira, L.L., Pinho, L.M.: On the scheduling of fork-join parallel/distributed real-time tasks. In: 9th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems, pp. 31–40, June 2014
Marau, R., Almeida, L., Pedreiras, P.: Enhancing real-time communication over cots ethernet switches. In: IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems, pp. 295–302 (2006)
Zhu, Q., Zeng, H., Zheng, W., Natale, M.D., Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Optimization of task allocation and priority assignment in hard real-time distributed systems. ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 11(4), 85 (2012)
Metzner, A., Herde, C.: Rtsat-an optimal and efficient approach to the task allocation problem in distributed architectures. In: 27th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, pp. 147–158, December 2006
Lakshmanan, K., Kato, S., Rajkumar, R.: Scheduling parallel real-time tasks on multi-core processors. In: 31st IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, pp. 259–268, November 2010
Fisher, N., Baruah, S., Baker, T.P.: The partitioned scheduling of sporadic tasks according to static-priorities. In: 18th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems, p. 10 (2006)
Fauberteau, F., Midonnet, S., Qamhieh, M.: Partitioned scheduling of parallel real-time tasks on multiprocessor systems. ACM SIGBED Review 8(3), 28–31 (2011)
Saifullah, A., Li, J., Agrawal, K., Lu, C., Gill, C.: Multi-core real-time scheduling for generalized parallel task models. Real-Time Systems 49(4), 404–435 (2013)
Qamhieh, M., George, L., Midonnet, S.: A Stretching algorithm for parallel real-time DAG tasks on multiprocessor systems. In: 22nd International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems, p. 13, October 2014
Tindell, K.W., Burns, A., Wellings, A.J.: Allocating hard real-time tasks: an NP-hard problem made easy. Real-Time Systems 4(2), 145–165 (1992)
García, J.G., Harbour, M.G.: Optimized priority assignment for tasks and messages in distributed hard real-time systems. In: Third IEEE Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Real-Time Systems, pp. 124–132, April 1995
Azketa, E., Uribe, J.P., Gutiérrez, J.J., Marcos, M., Almeida, L.: Permutational genetic algorithm for the optimized mapping and scheduling of tasks and messages in distributed real-time systems. In: 10th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (2011)
Leung, J.Y.T., Whitehead, J.: On the complexity of fixed-priority scheduling of periodic, real-time tasks. Performance Evaluation 2(4), 237–250 (1982)
Tindell, K., Clark, J.: Holistic schedulability analysis for distributed hard real-time systems. Microprocessing and Microprogramming 40(2), 117–134 (1994)
Palencia, J.C., Gonzalez Harbour, M.: Schedulability analysis for tasks with static and dynamic offsets. In: 19th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, pp. 26–37, December 1998
Palencia, J.C., Gonzalez Harbour, M.: Exploiting precedence relations in the schedulability analysis of distributed real-time systems. In: 20th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, pp. 328–339 (1999)
Garibay-Martínez, R., Nelissen G., Ferreira L.L., Pinho L.M.: Task partitioning and priority assignment for hard real-time distributed systems. In: International Workshop on Real-Time and Distributed Computing in Emerging Applications (2013)
Audsley, N.C.: Optimal priority assignment and feasibility of static priority tasks with arbitrary start times. University of York, Dep. of Computer Science (1991)
Richard, M., Richard, P., Cottet, F.: Allocating and scheduling tasks in multiple fieldbus real-time systems. In: IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, pp. 137–144, September 2003
Joseph, M., Pandya, P.: Finding response times in a real-time system. The Computer Journal 29(5), 390–395 (1986)
Ashjaei, M., Behnam, M., Nolte, T., Almeida, L.: Performance analysis of master-slave multi-hop switched ethernet networks. In: 8th IEEE International Symposium Industrial Embedded Systems, pp. 280–289, June 2013
Cormen, T.H., Leiserson, C.E., Rivest, R.L., Stein, C.: Introduction to algorithms, vol. 2, pp. 531–549. MIT Press, Cambridge (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Garibay-Martínez, R., Nelissen, G., Ferreira, L.L., Pinho, L.M. (2015). Allocation of Parallel Real-Time Tasks in Distributed Multi-core Architectures Supported by an FTT-SE Network. In: Pinho, L., Karl, W., Cohen, A., Brinkschulte, U. (eds) Architecture of Computing Systems – ARCS 2015. ARCS 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9017. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16086-3_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16086-3_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16085-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16086-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)