Abstract
An external Human-Machine-Interface (eHMI) signaling the vehicle’s intended movements facilitates pedestrians’ encounters with self-driving vehicles (SDV). However, there is no standard for automated driving system (ADS) lamps today. This study compares the efficacy of a steady, a flashing and a sweeping light signal to communicate an SDV’s intention to yield. The eHMI designs were evaluated at an unsignalized intersection with participants crossing in front of a yielding Wizard-of-Oz SDV. We analyzed crossing behavior and conducted questionnaires and structured interviews with N = 30 participants to identify eHMI design recommendations. Our research provides evidence that a steady and a flashing signal facilitate user experience, learnability and likeability more than a sweeping light. With a flashing signal, pedestrians tend to cross sooner compared to a sweeping signal, and thus improving traffic flow. Design adjustments to the present signals are proposed. This paper provides guidance in the development of a standardized yielding light signal.
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Faas, S.M., Baumann, M. (2020). Yielding Light Signal Evaluation for Self-driving Vehicle and Pedestrian Interaction. In: Ahram, T., Karwowski, W., Pickl, S., Taiar, R. (eds) Human Systems Engineering and Design II. IHSED 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1026. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27928-8_29
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27928-8_29
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