Abstract
The neurotransmitter release depends, in principal, on two neuronal events. One is the influx of Calcium in the active zone due to polarization, and the other is the amount of fusion available neurotransmitter vesicles. We state a model of the phosphorylation of the Synapsins (I and II), which creates a pool of fusion available vesicles. The exocytosis of vesicles is stated by Calcium on and off rates, modelling the complex of the fusion pore. The aim here is to model paired pulse facilitation due to phosphorylation of the Synapsins, and post-tetanic potentiation due to increased kinetic activity of the cAMP complex. In addition we show that the regulation of fusion competent vesicles in post-tetanic potentiation is highly correlated to Calcium residues released by organelles, i.e Calcium buffering.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P.D. Camilli, F. Benfenati, F. Valtorta, and P. Greengard. The Synapsins. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, 6:433–460, 1990.
D. Chin, K.E. Winkler, and A.R. Means. Characterization of substrate phosphorylation and use of calmodulin mutants to address implications from the enzyme crystal structure of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272(50):31235–31240, 1997.
R. Heidelberger, C. Heinemann, E. Neher, and G. Matthews. Calcium dependence of the rate of exocytosis in a synaptic terminal. Nature, 371:513–515, 1994.
H.C. Hemmings, A.C. Nairn, T.L. McGuinnes, R.L. Huganir, and P. Greengard. Role of protein phosphorylation in neuronal signaling transduction. FASEB, 3:1583–1592, 1989.
B. Katz. Neural Transmitter Release: from quantal secretion to exocytosis and beyond. Journal of Neurocytology, 25:677–686, 1996.
F. Kawasaki and H. Kita. Two Excitatory Motorneurons Differ in Quantal Content of Their Junctional Potentials in Abdominal Muscle Fibres of the Cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. Journal of Insect Physiology, 43(2): 167–177, 1997.
M.B. Kennedy, T. McGuinness, and P. Greengard. A Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase from mammalian brain that phosphorylates synapsin I: partial purification and characterization. Journal of Neuroscience, 3(4):818–831, 1983.
R. Köt ter, D. Schirok, and K. Zilles. Concerted regulation of cyclic AMP by calcium, calmodulin, and dopamine: A kinetic modelling approach. In R. Paton, editor, Information Processing in Cells and Tissues (IPCAT), pages 199–210. Liverpool: Univ. of Liverpool, 1995.
R. Llinas, T.L. McGuinnes, C.S. Leonard, M. Sugimori, and P. Greengard. Intraterminal injection of synapsin I or calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alters neurotransmitter release at the squid giant synapse. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, 82:3035–3039, 1985.
T.F.J. Martin. Stages of regulated exocytosis. Trends in Cell Biology, 7:271–276, 1997.
A.C. Nairn, H.C. Hemmings, and P. Greengard. Protein Kinasis in the Brain. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 54:931–976, 1985.
E.J. Nestler and P. Greengard. Protein Phophorylation in the Nervous System. New York: Wiley, 1984.
B.J. Nichols and H.R.B. Pelham. SNAREs and Membrane Fusion in the Golgi Apparatus. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1404:9–31, 1998.
R.B. Pearson, S. Forrest, M. Davis, T.J. Martin, and B.E. Kemp. Comparison of substrate specificity of myosin kinase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Biochim Biophys Acta, 786(3):261–266, 1984.
T.W. Rosahl, M. Geppert, D. Spillane, J. Herz, R.E. Hammer, R.C. Malenka, and T. Südhof. Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity Is Altered in Mice Lacking Synapsin I. Cell, 75:661–670, 1993.
T.W. Rosahl, D. Spillane, M. Missler, J. Herz D.K. Selig, J.R. Wolff, R.E. Hammer, R.C. Malenka, and T. Südhof. Essential functions of synapsins I and II in synaptic vesicle regulation. Nature, 375:488–493, 1995.
J.L. Stow and Kirsten Heinmann. Vesicle budding on Golgi membranes: regulation by G proteins and myosin motors. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1404:161–171, 1998.
W.M. Yamada, C. Koch, and P.R. Adams. Multiple Channels and Calcium Dynamics. In C. Koch and I. Segev, editors, Methods in Neuronal Modeling, pages 97–133. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1989.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer-Verlag London
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lundh, D., Narayanan, A. (2000). On Synaptic Plasticity: Modelling Molecular Kinases involved in Transmitter Release. In: Malmgren, H., Borga, M., Niklasson, L. (eds) Artificial Neural Networks in Medicine and Biology. Perspectives in Neural Computing. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0513-8_42
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0513-8_42
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-85233-289-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-0513-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive