Abstract
The concept of Dynamic Neural Networks (DNN) is a new approach within the Neural Network paradigm, which is based on the dynamic construction of Neural Networks during the processing of an input. The DNN methodology has been employed in the Hybrid Connectionist Parsing (HCP) approach, which comprises an incremental, on-line generation of a Neural Network parse tree. The HCP ensures an adequate representation and processing of recursively defined structures, like grammar-based languages. In this paper, we describe the general principles of the HCP method and some of its specific Neural Network features. We outline and discuss the use of the HCP method with respect to parallel processing of ambiguous structures, and robust parsing of extra-grammatical inputs in the context of spoken language parsing.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Elman, J. L. Finding Structure in Time. Cognitive Science, 1990, no 14, 179–211.
Reilly, R. andN. E. Sharkey (eds.) Connectionist Approaches to Languages, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1988.
Reilly, R. and N. E. Sharkey (eds.) Connectionist Approaches to Natural Language Processing, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, 1992.
Sharkey, N. Connectionist Natural Language Processing, intellect, Oxford, England, 1992.
Wermter, S. and V. Weber. SCREEN: Learning a Flat Syntactic and Semantic Spoken Language Analysis Using Artificial Neural Networks. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, vol 6, 1997, 35–85.
Jain, A. N. A Connectionist Architecture for Sequential Symbolic Domains. Technical Report CMU-CS-89-187, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 1989.
Jain, A. N. and A. H. Waibel. Incremental Parsing by Modular Recurrent Connectionist Networks. In D. S. Touretzky (ed.): Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 2, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1990.
Kempen, G. and T. Vosse. Incremental syntactic tree formation in human sentence processing: A cognitive architecture based on activation decay and simulated annealing, Connection Science, Vol. 1, 1989, 273–290.
Vosse, T. and G. Kempen. Syntactic structure assembly in human parsing: A computational model based on competitive inhibition and a lexicalist grammar, Cognition (75) 2000, 105–143.
Qing Ma, Kiyotaka Uchimoto, Masaki Murata and Hitoshi Isahara. Elastic Neural Networks for Part of Speech Tagging, IJCNN-99.
Pollack, J. B. On Connectionist Models of Natural Language Processing. Technical Report MCCS-87-100, Computing Research Laboratory, New Mexico State University, 1987.
Waltz, D.L. and Pollack, J.B. Massively Parallel Parsing: A Strongly Interactive Model of Natural Language Interpretation. Cognitive Science, 1985 (9:1), 51–74.
Kemke, C. Parsing Neural Networks-Combining Symbolic and Connectionist Approaches. Proc. International Conference on Neural Information Processing ICONIP’94, Seoul, Korea, October 1994. Also TR-94-021, ICSI, Berkeley, CA, 1994.
Kemke, C. A Hybrid Approach to Natural Language Parsing, von der Malsburg, von Seelen, Vorbrueggen, Sendhoff (Eds.): Artificial Neural Networks, 875–880.
Schommer, C. PAPADEUS-Ein inkrementeller konnektionistischer Parser mit einer parallelen Disambiguierungskomponente (PAPADEUS—An Incremental Connectionist Parser with a Disambiguation Component). Master’s Thesis, Computer Science Department, University of the Saarland, 1993
Kemke, C. and C. Schommer. PAPADEUS-Parallel Parsing of Ambiguous Sentences, Proc. World Congress on Neural Networks, Portland, Oregon, 1993, Vol. 3, 79–82
Kone, H. INKOPA-Ein inkrementeller konnektionistischer Parser flier natuerliche Sprache (INKOPA-an Incremental Connectionist Parser for Natural Language). Master’s Thesis, Computer Science Department, University of the Saarland, 1993
Kemke, C. and H. Kone. INCOPA-An Incremental Connectionist Parser. Proc. World Congress on Neural Networks, Portland, Oregon, 1993, Vol. 3, 41–44
Kemke, C. Konnektionistische Modelle in der Sprachverarbeitung (Connectionist Models for Speech and Language Processing), Cuvillier-Verlag, Goettingen, Germany, 2000.
Kemke, C. Connectionist Parsing with Dynamic Neural Networks — or: “Can Neural Networks make Chomsky Happy?” Technical Report, Computing Research Laboratory CRL, New Mexico State University, 2001.
Jurafsky, D. and J. H. Martin. Speech and Language Processing, Prentice-Hall, 2000.
Hindle, D.: Deterministic Parsing of Syntactic Non-Fluencies. In ACL-83, Cambridge, MA, 123–28.
Heeman, Peter A., Kyung-ho Loken-Kim and James F. Allen. Combining the detection and correction of speech repairs. ICSLP-96.
Hemphill, Charles T., John J. Godfrey and George R. Doddington. The ATIS Spoken Language Systems Pilot Corpus. Proc. Of the Speech and Natural Language Workshop, Hidden Valley, PA, 1990, pp. 96–101.
Bear, J., J. Dowding and E. Shriberg. Integrating Multiple Knowledge Sources for Detection and Correction of repairs in Human-Computer DialogProc. Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Delaware, 28 June-2 July, 56–63.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kemke, C. (2002). A Constructive Approach to Parsing with Neural Networks — The Hybrid Connectionist Parsing Method. In: Cohen, R., Spencer, B. (eds) Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Canadian AI 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2338. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47922-8_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47922-8_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43724-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47922-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive