Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

Skip to main content
Log in

Estimating common principal components in high dimensions

  • Regular Article
  • Published:
Advances in Data Analysis and Classification Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We consider the problem of minimizing an objective function that depends on an orthonormal matrix. This situation is encountered, for example, when looking for common principal components. The Flury method is a popular approach but is not effective for higher dimensional problems. We obtain several simple majorization–minimization (MM) algorithms that provide solutions to this problem and are effective in higher dimensions. We use mixture model-based clustering applications to illustrate our MM algorithms. We then use simulated data to compare them with other approaches, with comparisons drawn with respect to convergence and computational time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Absil P-A, Mahony R, Sepulchre R (2008) Optimization algorithms on matrix manifolds. Princeton University Press, Princeton

  • Andrews JL, McNicholas PD (2012) Model-based clustering, classification, and discriminant analysis via mixtures of multivariate t-distributions. Stat Comput 22(5):1021–1029

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold S, Phillips P (1999) Hierarchical comparison of genetic variance-covariance matrices. II. Coastal-inland divergence in the garter snake, Thamnophis elegans. Evolution 53:1516–1527

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Banfield JD, Raftery AE (1993) Model-based Gaussian and non-Gaussian clustering. Biometrics 49(3): 803–821

    Google Scholar 

  • Biernacki C, Celeux G, Govaert G, Langrognet F (2006) Model-based cluster analysis and discriminant analysis with the MIXMOD software. Comput Stat Data Anal 51:587–600

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Boik RJ (2003) Principal component models for correlation matrices. Biometrika 90:679–701

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Boik RJ (2007) Spectral models for covariance matrices. Biometrika 89:159–182

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Bouveyron C, Girard S, Schmid C (2007) High-dimensional data clustering. Comput Stat and Data Anal 52:502–519

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Browne RP, McNicholas PD (2012) Orthogonal Stiefel manifold optimization for eigen-decomposed covariance parameter estimation in mixture models. Statistics and Computing. To appear. doi:10.1007/s11222-012-9364-2

  • Browne RP, McNicholas PD (2013) mixture: Mixture models for clustering and classification. R package version 1.0

  • Celeux G, Govaert G (1995) Gaussian parsimonious clustering models. Pattern Recogn 28(5):781–793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dasgupta A, Raftery AE (1998) Detecting features in spatial point processes with clutter via model-based clustering. J Am Stat Assoc 93:294–302

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Dempster AP, Laird NM, Rubin DB (1977) Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm. J Royal Stat Soc Series B 39(1):1–38

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Flury BW, Gautschi W (1984) Common principal components in k groups. J Am Stat Assoc 79(388): 892–898

    Google Scholar 

  • Flury BW, Gautschi W (1986) An algorithm for simultaneous orthogonal transformation of several positive definite symmetric matrices to nearly diagonal form. J Sci Stat Comput 7(1):169–184

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter D (2004) MM algorithms for generalized Bradley-Terry models. Ann Stat 32:386–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunter D, Lange K (2000) Quantile regression via an MM algorithm. J Comput Graph Stat 9:60–77

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Kiers H (2002) Setting up alternating least squares and iterative majorization algorithms for solving various matrix optimization problems. Comput Stat Data Anal 41:157–170

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Klingenberg C, Neuenschwander B, Flury B (1996) Ontogeny and individual variation: Analysis of patterned covariance matrices with common principal components. Syste Biol 45:135–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krzanowski WJ (1990) Between-group analysis with heterogeneous covariance. matrices: The common principal component model. J Classif 7:81–98

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Kulkarni B, Rao G (2000) The common principal components approach for clustering under multiple sampling. J Indian Soc Agric Stat 53:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebret R, Iovleff S, Langrognet F (2012) Rmixmod: MIXture MODelling Package. R package version 1.1.1

  • Lefkomtch LP (2004) Consensus principal components. Biometrical J 35:567–580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merbouha A, Mkhadri A (2004) Regularization of the location model in discrimination with mixed discrete and continuous variables. Comput Stat Data Anal 45:463–576

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Oksanen J, Huttunen P (1989) Finding a common ordination for several data sets by individual differences scaling. Plant Ecol 83:137–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R Development Core Team (2012) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna

  • Schott J (1998) Estimating correlation matrices that have common eigenvectors. Comput Stat Data Anal 27:445–459

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz G (1978) Estimating the dimension of a model. Ann Stat 6(2):461–464

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Sengupta S, Boyle J (1998) Using common principal components for comparing GCM simulations. J Climate 11:816–830

    Google Scholar 

  • von Mises R, Pollaczek-Geiringer H (1929) Praktische verfahren der gleichungsauflösung. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 9(1):58–77

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Yang K, Shahabi C (2006) An efficient k nearest neighbor search for multivariate time series. Info Comput 205:65–98

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the helpful comments of two anonymous reviewers and a guest editor. This work was supported by the University Research Chair in Computational Statistics.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ryan P. Browne.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Browne, R.P., McNicholas, P.D. Estimating common principal components in high dimensions. Adv Data Anal Classif 8, 217–226 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11634-013-0139-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11634-013-0139-1

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification (2000)

Navigation