Ansible documentation style guide

Welcome to the Ansible style guide! To create clear, concise, consistent, useful materials on docs.ansible.com, follow these guidelines:

Linguistic guidelines 

We want the Ansible documentation to be:

clear
direct
conversational
easy to translate

We want reading the docs to feel like having an experienced, friendly colleague explain how Ansible works.

Stylistic cheat-sheet 

This cheat-sheet illustrates a few rules that help achieve the “Ansible tone”:

Rule	Good example	Bad example
Use active voice	You can run a task by	A task can be run by
Use the present tense	This command creates a	This command will create a
Address the reader	As you expand your inventory	When the number of managed nodes grows
Use standard English	Return to this page	Hop back to this page
Use American English	The color of the output	The colour of the output

Title and heading case 

Titles and headings should be written in sentence case. For example, this section’s title is Title and heading case, not Title and Heading Case or TITLE AND HEADING CASE.

Avoid using Latin phrases 

Latin words and phrases like e.g. or etc. are easily understood by English speakers. They may be harder to understand for others and are also tricky for automated translation.

Use the following English terms in place of Latin terms or abbreviations:

Latin	English
i.e	in other words
e.g.	for example
etc	and so on
via	by/ through
vs./versus	rather than/against

reStructuredText guidelines 

The Ansible documentation is written in reStructuredText and processed by Sphinx. We follow these technical or mechanical guidelines on all rST pages:

Section headings in reStructuredText can use a variety of notations. Sphinx will ‘learn on the fly’ when creating a hierarchy of headings. To make our documents easy to read and to edit, we follow a standard set of heading notations. We use:

### with overline, for parts:

###############
Developer guide
###############

*** with overline, for chapters:

*******************
Ansible style guide
*******************

=== for sections:

Mechanical guidelines
=====================

--- for subsections:

Internal navigation
-------------------

^^^ for sub-subsections:

Adding anchors
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

""" for paragraphs:

Paragraph that needs a title
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

Syntax highlighting - Pygments 

The Ansible documentation supports a range of Pygments lexers for syntax highlighting to make our code examples look good. Each code-block must be correctly indented and surrounded by blank lines.

The Ansible documentation allows the following values:

none (no highlighting)
ansible-output (a custom lexer for Ansible output)
bash
console
csharp
ini
json
powershell
python
rst
sh
shell
shell-session
text
yaml
yaml+jinja

For example, you can highlight Python code using following syntax:

.. code-block:: python

   def my_beautiful_python_code():
      pass

Internal navigation 

Anchors (also called labels) and links work together to help users find related content. Local tables of contents also help users navigate quickly to the information they need. All internal links should use the :ref: syntax. Every page should have at least one anchor to support internal :ref: links. Long pages, or pages with multiple levels of headings, can also include a local TOC.

Note

Avoid raw URLs. RST and sphinx allow https://my.example.com, but this is unhelpful for those using screen readers. :ref: links automatically pick up the heading from the anchor, but for external links, always use the `link title <link-url>`_ format.

Adding anchors 

Include at least one anchor on every page
Place the main anchor above the main heading
If the file has a unique title, use that for the main page anchor:

.. _unique_page::

You may also add anchors elsewhere on the page

Adding internal links 

All internal links must use :ref: syntax. These links both point to the anchor defined above:

:ref:`unique_page`
:ref:`this page <unique_page>`

The second example adds custom text for the link.

Adding links to modules and plugins 

Use the :ansplugin: RST role to link to modules and plugins using their Fully Qualified Collection Name (FQCN):

The ansible.builtin.copy module can be linked with
:ansplugin:`ansible.builtin.copy#module`

If you want to specify an explicit type, use:
:ansplugin:`the copy module <ansible.builtin.copy#module>`

This displays as “The ansible.builtin.copy module can be linked with ansible.builtin.copy” and “If you want to specify an explicit type, use: the copy module”.

Instead of #module, you can also specify #<plugin_type> to reference to a plugin of type <plugin_type>:

:ansplugin:`arista.eos.eos_config <arista.eos.eos_config#module>`
:ansplugin:`kubernetes.core.kubectl connection plugin <kubernetes.core.kubectl#connection>`
:ansplugin:`ansible.builtin.file lookup plugin <ansible.builtin.file#lookup>`

Note

ansible.builtin is the FQCN for modules included in ansible-core.

Adding links to module and plugin options and return values 

Use the :ansopt: and :ansretval: roles to reference options and return values of modules and plugins:

:ansopt:`ansible.builtin.file#module:path` references the ``path`` parameter of the
``ansible.builtin.file`` module; :ansopt:`ansible.builtin.file#module:path=/root/.ssh/known_hosts`
shows the assignment ``path=/root/.ssh/known_hosts`` as a clickable link.

:ansretval:`ansible.builtin.stat#module:stat.exists` references the ``stat.exists`` return value
of the ``ansible.builtin.stat`` module. You can also use ``=`` as for option values:
:ansretval:`ansible.builtin.stat#module:stat.exists=true` shows ``stat.exists=true``.

:ansopt:`foo` and :ansopt:`foo=bar` use the same markup for an option and an option
assignment without a link; the same is true for return values: :ansretval:`foo` and
:ansretval:`foo=bar`.

This displays as “path references the path parameter of the ansible.builtin.file module; path=/root/.ssh/known_hosts shows the assignment path=/root/.ssh/known_hosts as a clickable link.” and “stat.exists references the stat.exists return value of the ansible.builtin.stat module. You can also use = as for option values: stat.exists=true shows stat.exists=true.” and “foo and foo=bar use the same markup for an option and an option assignment without a link; the same is true for return values: foo and foo=bar.”.

For both option and return values, . is used to reference suboptions and contained return values. Array stubs ([...]) can be used to indicate that something is a list, for example the :retval: argument ansible.builtin.service_facts#module:ansible_facts.services['systemd'].state references the ansible_facts.services.state return value of the ansible.builtin.service_facts module (ansible_facts.services['systemd'].state).

Adding local TOCs 

The page you’re reading includes a local TOC. If you include a local TOC:

place it below, not above, the main heading and (optionally) introductory text
use the :local: directive so the page’s main heading is not included
do not include a title

The syntax is:

.. contents::
   :local:

Markdown guidelines 

Some Ansible ecosystem documentation is written in markdown and processed by mkdocs. We follow these technical or mechanical guidelines on all .md pages:

Heading notation 

Section headings in markdown can use a variety of notations. To make our documents easy to read and to edit, we follow a standard set of heading notations. We use:

# for page titles:

# Installation

## for section headings:

## Installing on Linux

Subsections add an additional # for each subsection. We recommend not going beyond #### as that suggests a deeply nested document that could present better as multiple pages.

Linking in Markdown 

Using Mkdocs, you can format internal links <https://www.mkdocs.org/user-guide/writing-your-docs/#writing-with-markdown>`_ using the file name of the local file instead of an external URL.

[configuration](/configuration)

You can also link directly to a heading within a file Use the lower-case form of the heading.

[dependency](/configuration/#dependency)

External links use a similar format with the external URL.

[Ansible Documentation](https://docs.ansible.com)

Code blocks 

Markdown supports code blocks in the following format.

```text
docs/
    index.md
    user-guide/getting-started.md
    user-guide/configuration-options.md
    license.md
```

Accessibility guidelines 

Ansible documentation has a goal to be more accessible. Use the following guidelines to help us reach this goal.

Images and alternative text 

Ensure all icons, images, diagrams, and non text elements have a meaningful alternative-text description. Do not include screen captures of CLI output. Use a code block instead.

To add alt text in rst:

.. image:: path/networkdiag.png
   :width: 400
   :alt: SpiffyCorp network diagram

To add alt text in md:

![SpiffyCorp network diagram](path/networkdiag.png)

Links and hypertext 

URLs and cross-reference links have descriptive text that conveys information about the content of the linked target. See Internal navigation for how to format links in RST and see Linking in Markdown for Markdown.

Tables 

Tables have a simple, logical reading order from left to right, and top to bottom. Tables include a heading row and avoid empty or blank table cells. Label tables with a descriptive title.

For RST:

.. table:: File descriptions

  +----------+----------------------------+
  |File      |Purpose                     |
  +==========+============================+
  |foo.txt   |foo configuration settings  |
  +----------+----------------------------+
  |bar.txt   |bar configuration settings  |
  +----------+----------------------------+

For Markdown:

#### File descriptions

  |File       |Purpose                     |
  |---------- | -------------------------- |
  |foo.txt    | foo configuration settings |
  |bar.txt    | bar configuration settings |

Colors and other visual information 

Avoid instructions that rely solely on sensory characteristics. For example, do not use Click the square, blue button to continue.

Convey information by methods and not by color alone.

Ensure there is sufficient contrast between foreground and background text or graphical elements in images and diagrams.

Instructions for navigating through an interface make sense without directional indicators such as left, right, above, and below.

Accessibility resources 

Use the following resources to help test your documentation changes:

axe DevTools browser extension - Highlights accessibility issues on a website page.
WAVE browser extension from WebAIM - another accessibility tester.
Orca screen reader - Common tool used by people with vision impairments.
color filter - For color-blind testing.

More resources 

These pages offer more help with grammatical, stylistic, and technical rules for documentation.