Books by Hasan Taner Kerimoğlu
Osmanlı'da Devrim ve Fedakâran-ı Millet: İstibdat Dönemi Sürgün ve Firarilerinin Devr-i Hürriyet'te Mücadeleleri, 2018
Osmanlı toplumunun modern siyasetle tanıştığı 19. yüzyılda, egemenliğin kullanımına iştirak etmek... more Osmanlı toplumunun modern siyasetle tanıştığı 19. yüzyılda, egemenliğin kullanımına iştirak etmek isteyen “vatandaş” ortaya çıktı. Farklı etnik, dinsel, sınıfsal ve sosyal kökenlere sahip Osmanlıların bu “fesatcuyane” taleplerine merkezi yönetim, yasak ve cezalarla karşı koydu. Geleneksel Osmanlı yönetim anlayışını sürdürmekte ısrar eden II. Abdülhamit, muhaliflerini etkisiz hale getirmek için yeni “yöntem”lere başvurduğu gibi eski cezalandırma biçimlerini de yaygınlaştırdı. Sansür, jurnal ve hafiye teşkilatları ile “sürgün” cezası, “istibdat” yönetimin temel direklerini oluşturdu. Ancak 1908 Devrimi ile baskıcı yönetim yıkılırken siyasal özgürlükler de Osmanlı vatandaşlarınca kullanılmaya başladı. “Hürriyetin ilanı”, II. Abdülhamit döneminde imparatorluğun çeşitli vilayetlerine sürgün edilmiş veya yurt dışına kaçmak zorunda kalmış Jön Türklerin memleketlerine geri dönmelerine imkân tanımıştı. İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’nden de bekledikleri ilgiyi göremeyen siyasi mağdurlar, “Fedakâran-ı Millet Cemiyeti” adı altında örgütlenerek hem istibdat dönemi yöneticilerine, hem de yeni rejimin egemenlerine karşı muhalefet bayrağına sarıldılar. II. Meşrutiyet döneminin ilk yıllarında sürgün ve firarilerin “hak arama mücadelesi”ni konu alan bu kitap, imparatorluktan Cumhuriyet’e miras kalan bir cezalandırma biçiminin “kurbanları”nın yaşamına da ışık tutmaya çalışıyor.
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Osmanlı Devleti’nin son yılları, imparatorluk bünyesindeki gayr-i
Müslim veya Müslim halk gruplar... more Osmanlı Devleti’nin son yılları, imparatorluk bünyesindeki gayr-i
Müslim veya Müslim halk gruplarının ulusal bağımsızlık hareketlerine sahne olur. İlk olarak Balkan yarımadasında yaşayan halk gruplarının başlattığı bağımsızlık mücadeleleri, giderek imparatorluğun siyasal birliğini ve bağımsızlığını tehdit etmeye başlar. Osmanlı Devleti’nin elinde kalan son Balkan topraklarının yitirilme olasılığı, devlet yönetiminin büyük güçlerin müdahalelerine karşı koymaktan aciz olması ve “medeni” dünyadan uzaklaştırılma tehlikesi, Osmanlılar açısından bir “Balkan meselesi”nin ortaya çıkmasını sağlar. Balkanlardaki gelişmelerden hem ideolojik, hem de örgütsel düzeyde etkilenen İttihatçılar, 1908 yılında başlattıkları devrim süreci ile “vatan”ın parçalanmasını önlemek ve devlete eski saygınlığını kazandırmak isterler. Ancak “hürriyetin ilanı”ndan sonra yeşeren umutlar, kısa süre sonra yerini eski çatışmalara ve ulusal mücadelelere bırakır. Bu süreçte Balkan meselesi, hem İttihatçı kadroları, hem de Osmanlı kamuoyunu radikalleştirir ve onları gayrimüslimlere ve büyük devletlere karşı tepkiselliğe yöneltir. Bu kitap, Osmanlıcılığın Türkçülüğe evriminde, Türk ulusal kimliğinin biçimlenmesinde ve Müslüman-Türklerin siyasallaşmasında Balkan meselesinin oynadığı rolü, dönemin kaynaklarını temel alarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
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Papers by Hasan Taner Kerimoğlu
International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR), 2023
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VAKANÜVİS- Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi/ International Journal of Historical Researches,, 2023
Maps play a significant role in nationalist movements as they serve both as a representation of t... more Maps play a significant role in nationalist movements as they serve both as a representation of the homeland and a tool for conveying political messages. In response to the rising nationalist movements in the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire took measures to regulate maps. During the reign of Abdülhamit II, many maps were prohibited from publication or entry into the country. The administration of Abdülhamit II specifically banned maps that contained separatist messages or posed a threat to the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire. The majority of these prohibited maps pertained to Macedonia, Crete, or Armenia. Additionally, the unauthorized mapping of the Ottoman Empire was restricted. This article explores the maps that were banned during the reign of Abdülhamit II.
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SOCIAL SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL, 2023
In the late 19th century, one of the most important problems for the Ottoman Empire was the Maced... more In the late 19th century, one of the most important problems for the Ottoman Empire was the Macedonian issue. The non-Muslim communities living in Macedonia wanted independence or autonomy under the influence of nationalism ideas. The signing of the Treaty of Berlin in 1878 marked a crucial moment in the history of Macedonia as it defined the political divisions among the various ethnic groups present in the region. Bulgarians, Greeks, Serbs, and Albanians all sought to gain control over the land, but their conflicting interests made it difficult to reach a consensus. Due to the increasing influence of Bulgaria in Macedonia, the Greek state has started to pay more attention to the region. In response, the Greeks began a propaganda campaign aimed at spreading their influence through consulates, businesses, churches, and schools in Macedonia. The Greeks formed bands and sent them to Macedonia in order to protect their interests in the region. The Greek bands, mostly composed of officers, sought to diminish the power of the Bulgarians. The Ottoman administration was forced to take measures against the growing Greek bands in Macedonia. Security measures were increased to reduce the influence of the bands. The Ottoman government, recognizing the potential for conflict, responded by increasing its military presence in the region. Troops were deployed to counteract the actions of the Greek bands and maintain
stability in the region. Diplomatic efforts were also made. This article examines the activities of Greek bands in Macedonia during the reign of Abdulhamid II. Ottoman archive documents, in particular, were used for this purpose.
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Military coups in Turkey are a tradition inherited from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Tur... more Military coups in Turkey are a tradition inherited from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey. People generally remained unresponsive to the coups in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. The failure of the politicians and the public to act jointly was the most important factor in the success of the military coups. This study examines how the public reacts against military coups in Turkey. Military coups in Turkey are a tradition inherited from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey. People generally remained unresponsive to the coups in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. The failure of the politicians and the public to act jointly was the most important factor in the success of the military coups. This study examines how the public reacts against military coups in Turkey.
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Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi / Journal Of Modern Turkish History Studies , 2020
Öz Osmanlı ülkesinde demiryolları inşası, 19. yüzyıldan itibaren uluslararası rekabetin konusu ol... more Öz Osmanlı ülkesinde demiryolları inşası, 19. yüzyıldan itibaren uluslararası rekabetin konusu olmuştur. 20. yüzyılın başında Amerikalı bir grubun bu rekabete katılması, demiryolları konusundaki mücadeleye yeni bir boyut kazandırdı. Amerikalı Amiral Chester'ın ilk olarak 1908'de gündeme gelen projesi, yaklaşık 15 yıl boyunca Türk siyasetini meşgul etmiştir. Chester projesi, Doğu Anadolu'dan Mezopotamya'ya kadar inen bir demiryolu inşa etme projesiydi. Fakat projeyi asıl önemli kılan neden, demiryolunun geçtiği bölgedeki yer altı kaynaklarına Amerikalı grubun el koyacak olmasıydı. Bu nedenle proje, hem diğer devletlerin tepkisini çekti hem de Osmanlı bürokrasisinde kaygı uyandırdı. Projenin ilk başvuru sürecini (1908-1912) ele alan bu makalede, konuyla ilgili Osmanlı arşivi ile basını temel kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır.
Abstract
The construction of railways in the Ottoman country has been the subject of
international competition since the 19th century. The entry of an American group into this competition at the beginning of the 20th century gave a new dimension to the struggle over railways. The American Admiral Chester’s project, which first came to the agenda in 1908, occupied Turkish politics for about 15 years. Chester project was a project to build a railway from Eastern Anatolia to Mesopotamia. However, the main reason that made the project important was that the American group would seize the underground resources in the area where the railway passed. For this reason, the project received reaction from other states and aroused anxiety in the Ottoman bureaucracy. In this article, which deals with the first application process of the project (1908-1912), the Ottoman archive and the press are used as the main resources.
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Belgi, 2019
In this article, the works of Yorgaki Effimianidis are introduced. Effimianidis (1878-1959) lived... more In this article, the works of Yorgaki Effimianidis are introduced. Effimianidis (1878-1959) lived in
the last years of the Ottoman Empire and the period of the Republic of Turkey. In both periods,
Effimianidis attempted to reduce the tension between the Turkish and Greek communities. For this
purpose, in 1909, he published the newspaper “Ciddiyet/Ilikrina” which was both in Turkish and
Greek. He also wrote articles and books to enable Turks and Greeks to establish closer relations.
Effimianidis, who was a lawyer, was not exchanged since he was born in Istanbul and stayed in
Turkey. He published books especially about the national economy in the 1930s. In addition, he
made applications to state institutions regarding his community and the problems in the country.
We have limited knowledge about Effimianidis’s life. However, his books, periodicals and magazines
and the information in the archives help us in this regard. His thoughts were oriented towards
social unity and peace. He also wanted the law to be dominant in social life. He was principled
and consistent in his thoughts. All this information makes his thoughts and works valuable and
worthwhile.
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During the Second Constitutional period, a wide number of newspapers and journals started to be
p... more During the Second Constitutional period, a wide number of newspapers and journals started to be
published. However, few of them could resist the Committee of Union and Progress. Sada-yı Millet (The Voice of Nation) was one of these newspapers which objected to the Committee of
Union and Progress. It was published by P. Kozmidi Efendi, the deputy of Istanbul. This newspaper aimed to negotiate among the Ottoman nations. Sada-yı Millet published a lot of
articles and news to annihilate the conflicts between Turkish and Greek societies. Thereby, it criticized the policy of the Union and Progress Party. The newspapers which supported the Union and Progress Party blamed Sada-yı Millet for serving to Greek interests. Ahmet Samim Bey, the editor of Sada-yı Millet, was killed in June 9th, 1910, and the newspaper ceased to be published. This article deals with the policy of Sada-yı Millet as a newspaper.
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The Young Turk Revolution of 1908 was the result of the progress in Macedonia. The members of the... more The Young Turk Revolution of 1908 was the result of the progress in Macedonia. The members of the Committee of Union and Progress took action and started the process of the revolution when they realised that they were losing control
over Macedonia. The Committee of Union and Progress executed their policy which aimed at solving the Macedonia problem while the constitutional regime was being eestablished in a short period. Young Turks, while trying to solve the problem of churches and schools, wanted to end the band fights. They employed “Bands Law” to neutralize the actions of Macedonian committees. As a part of this law, some extraordinary measures were taken in Macedonia. However, the problems encountered while employing this law raised protests against the rule of Young Turks. As a result of these protests, the bands law was canceled shortly after.
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It was very painful that the Balkan states gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. The strug... more It was very painful that the Balkan states gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. The struggle among the Balkan states led the propaganda wars. It was not until the Balkan Wars that the Ottomans realized the importance of the propaganda wars. After their defeat in the war, the Ottomans started to make propaganda. Thus, the Ottomans established the Association for Publishing Documents in order to make war propaganda during the Balkan Wars. Most of the founders of the association were journalists. During the wars, the members of the association made propaganda not only in the Ottoman Empire but also in the other countries. They focused on the activities which aim to influence the English public in order to take the British Government’s support. Within the borders of the empire, they published a book named The Red Black Book. In this way, they intended to make people remember those days. After the wars ended, the association put an end to their operations. In this article, the above-mentioned association’s activities in both the Ottoman Empire and the other countries are evaluated.
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Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Jan 1, 2010
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TÜRKİYE TARİHİ ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ
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TÜRK DÜNYASI İNCELEMELERİ DERGİSİ
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Books by Hasan Taner Kerimoğlu
Müslim veya Müslim halk gruplarının ulusal bağımsızlık hareketlerine sahne olur. İlk olarak Balkan yarımadasında yaşayan halk gruplarının başlattığı bağımsızlık mücadeleleri, giderek imparatorluğun siyasal birliğini ve bağımsızlığını tehdit etmeye başlar. Osmanlı Devleti’nin elinde kalan son Balkan topraklarının yitirilme olasılığı, devlet yönetiminin büyük güçlerin müdahalelerine karşı koymaktan aciz olması ve “medeni” dünyadan uzaklaştırılma tehlikesi, Osmanlılar açısından bir “Balkan meselesi”nin ortaya çıkmasını sağlar. Balkanlardaki gelişmelerden hem ideolojik, hem de örgütsel düzeyde etkilenen İttihatçılar, 1908 yılında başlattıkları devrim süreci ile “vatan”ın parçalanmasını önlemek ve devlete eski saygınlığını kazandırmak isterler. Ancak “hürriyetin ilanı”ndan sonra yeşeren umutlar, kısa süre sonra yerini eski çatışmalara ve ulusal mücadelelere bırakır. Bu süreçte Balkan meselesi, hem İttihatçı kadroları, hem de Osmanlı kamuoyunu radikalleştirir ve onları gayrimüslimlere ve büyük devletlere karşı tepkiselliğe yöneltir. Bu kitap, Osmanlıcılığın Türkçülüğe evriminde, Türk ulusal kimliğinin biçimlenmesinde ve Müslüman-Türklerin siyasallaşmasında Balkan meselesinin oynadığı rolü, dönemin kaynaklarını temel alarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Papers by Hasan Taner Kerimoğlu
stability in the region. Diplomatic efforts were also made. This article examines the activities of Greek bands in Macedonia during the reign of Abdulhamid II. Ottoman archive documents, in particular, were used for this purpose.
Abstract
The construction of railways in the Ottoman country has been the subject of
international competition since the 19th century. The entry of an American group into this competition at the beginning of the 20th century gave a new dimension to the struggle over railways. The American Admiral Chester’s project, which first came to the agenda in 1908, occupied Turkish politics for about 15 years. Chester project was a project to build a railway from Eastern Anatolia to Mesopotamia. However, the main reason that made the project important was that the American group would seize the underground resources in the area where the railway passed. For this reason, the project received reaction from other states and aroused anxiety in the Ottoman bureaucracy. In this article, which deals with the first application process of the project (1908-1912), the Ottoman archive and the press are used as the main resources.
the last years of the Ottoman Empire and the period of the Republic of Turkey. In both periods,
Effimianidis attempted to reduce the tension between the Turkish and Greek communities. For this
purpose, in 1909, he published the newspaper “Ciddiyet/Ilikrina” which was both in Turkish and
Greek. He also wrote articles and books to enable Turks and Greeks to establish closer relations.
Effimianidis, who was a lawyer, was not exchanged since he was born in Istanbul and stayed in
Turkey. He published books especially about the national economy in the 1930s. In addition, he
made applications to state institutions regarding his community and the problems in the country.
We have limited knowledge about Effimianidis’s life. However, his books, periodicals and magazines
and the information in the archives help us in this regard. His thoughts were oriented towards
social unity and peace. He also wanted the law to be dominant in social life. He was principled
and consistent in his thoughts. All this information makes his thoughts and works valuable and
worthwhile.
published. However, few of them could resist the Committee of Union and Progress. Sada-yı Millet (The Voice of Nation) was one of these newspapers which objected to the Committee of
Union and Progress. It was published by P. Kozmidi Efendi, the deputy of Istanbul. This newspaper aimed to negotiate among the Ottoman nations. Sada-yı Millet published a lot of
articles and news to annihilate the conflicts between Turkish and Greek societies. Thereby, it criticized the policy of the Union and Progress Party. The newspapers which supported the Union and Progress Party blamed Sada-yı Millet for serving to Greek interests. Ahmet Samim Bey, the editor of Sada-yı Millet, was killed in June 9th, 1910, and the newspaper ceased to be published. This article deals with the policy of Sada-yı Millet as a newspaper.
over Macedonia. The Committee of Union and Progress executed their policy which aimed at solving the Macedonia problem while the constitutional regime was being eestablished in a short period. Young Turks, while trying to solve the problem of churches and schools, wanted to end the band fights. They employed “Bands Law” to neutralize the actions of Macedonian committees. As a part of this law, some extraordinary measures were taken in Macedonia. However, the problems encountered while employing this law raised protests against the rule of Young Turks. As a result of these protests, the bands law was canceled shortly after.
Müslim veya Müslim halk gruplarının ulusal bağımsızlık hareketlerine sahne olur. İlk olarak Balkan yarımadasında yaşayan halk gruplarının başlattığı bağımsızlık mücadeleleri, giderek imparatorluğun siyasal birliğini ve bağımsızlığını tehdit etmeye başlar. Osmanlı Devleti’nin elinde kalan son Balkan topraklarının yitirilme olasılığı, devlet yönetiminin büyük güçlerin müdahalelerine karşı koymaktan aciz olması ve “medeni” dünyadan uzaklaştırılma tehlikesi, Osmanlılar açısından bir “Balkan meselesi”nin ortaya çıkmasını sağlar. Balkanlardaki gelişmelerden hem ideolojik, hem de örgütsel düzeyde etkilenen İttihatçılar, 1908 yılında başlattıkları devrim süreci ile “vatan”ın parçalanmasını önlemek ve devlete eski saygınlığını kazandırmak isterler. Ancak “hürriyetin ilanı”ndan sonra yeşeren umutlar, kısa süre sonra yerini eski çatışmalara ve ulusal mücadelelere bırakır. Bu süreçte Balkan meselesi, hem İttihatçı kadroları, hem de Osmanlı kamuoyunu radikalleştirir ve onları gayrimüslimlere ve büyük devletlere karşı tepkiselliğe yöneltir. Bu kitap, Osmanlıcılığın Türkçülüğe evriminde, Türk ulusal kimliğinin biçimlenmesinde ve Müslüman-Türklerin siyasallaşmasında Balkan meselesinin oynadığı rolü, dönemin kaynaklarını temel alarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
stability in the region. Diplomatic efforts were also made. This article examines the activities of Greek bands in Macedonia during the reign of Abdulhamid II. Ottoman archive documents, in particular, were used for this purpose.
Abstract
The construction of railways in the Ottoman country has been the subject of
international competition since the 19th century. The entry of an American group into this competition at the beginning of the 20th century gave a new dimension to the struggle over railways. The American Admiral Chester’s project, which first came to the agenda in 1908, occupied Turkish politics for about 15 years. Chester project was a project to build a railway from Eastern Anatolia to Mesopotamia. However, the main reason that made the project important was that the American group would seize the underground resources in the area where the railway passed. For this reason, the project received reaction from other states and aroused anxiety in the Ottoman bureaucracy. In this article, which deals with the first application process of the project (1908-1912), the Ottoman archive and the press are used as the main resources.
the last years of the Ottoman Empire and the period of the Republic of Turkey. In both periods,
Effimianidis attempted to reduce the tension between the Turkish and Greek communities. For this
purpose, in 1909, he published the newspaper “Ciddiyet/Ilikrina” which was both in Turkish and
Greek. He also wrote articles and books to enable Turks and Greeks to establish closer relations.
Effimianidis, who was a lawyer, was not exchanged since he was born in Istanbul and stayed in
Turkey. He published books especially about the national economy in the 1930s. In addition, he
made applications to state institutions regarding his community and the problems in the country.
We have limited knowledge about Effimianidis’s life. However, his books, periodicals and magazines
and the information in the archives help us in this regard. His thoughts were oriented towards
social unity and peace. He also wanted the law to be dominant in social life. He was principled
and consistent in his thoughts. All this information makes his thoughts and works valuable and
worthwhile.
published. However, few of them could resist the Committee of Union and Progress. Sada-yı Millet (The Voice of Nation) was one of these newspapers which objected to the Committee of
Union and Progress. It was published by P. Kozmidi Efendi, the deputy of Istanbul. This newspaper aimed to negotiate among the Ottoman nations. Sada-yı Millet published a lot of
articles and news to annihilate the conflicts between Turkish and Greek societies. Thereby, it criticized the policy of the Union and Progress Party. The newspapers which supported the Union and Progress Party blamed Sada-yı Millet for serving to Greek interests. Ahmet Samim Bey, the editor of Sada-yı Millet, was killed in June 9th, 1910, and the newspaper ceased to be published. This article deals with the policy of Sada-yı Millet as a newspaper.
over Macedonia. The Committee of Union and Progress executed their policy which aimed at solving the Macedonia problem while the constitutional regime was being eestablished in a short period. Young Turks, while trying to solve the problem of churches and schools, wanted to end the band fights. They employed “Bands Law” to neutralize the actions of Macedonian committees. As a part of this law, some extraordinary measures were taken in Macedonia. However, the problems encountered while employing this law raised protests against the rule of Young Turks. As a result of these protests, the bands law was canceled shortly after.