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Proposed Lunar Measurements of $r$-Process Radioisotopes to Distinguish Origin of Deep-sea $^{244}$Pu
/ Wang, Xilu (Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys. ; UC, Berkeley ; Notre Dame U.) ; Clark, Adam M. (Notre Dame U.) ; Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; NICPB, Tallinn ; CERN) ; Ertel, Adrienne F. (Illinois U., Urbana) ; Fields, Brian D. (Illinois U., Urbana) ; Fry, Brian J. (AFIT, Ohio) ; Liu, Zhenghai (Illinois U., Urbana) ; Miller, Jesse A. (Illinois U., Urbana ; Boston U.) ; Surman, Rebecca (Notre Dame U.)
$^{244}$Pu has recently been discovered in deep-sea deposits spanning the past 10 Myr, a period that includes two $^{60}$Fe pulses from nearby supernovae. $^{244}$Pu is among the heaviest $r$-process products, and we consider whether it was created in the supernovae, which is disfavored by nucleosynthesis simulations, or in an earlier kilonova event that seeded $^{244}$Pu in the nearby interstellar medium that was subsequently swept up by the supernova debris. [...]
arXiv:2112.09607; KCL-PH-TH/2021-91; CERN-TH-2021-208; N3AS-21-017.-
2023-05-12 - 13 p.
- Published in : Astrophysics 948 (2023) 113
Fulltext: 2112.09607 - PDF; Publication - PDF;
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2.
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r-Process Radioisotopes from Near-Earth Supernovae and Kilonovae
/ Wang (王夕露), Xilu ; Clark, Adam M. ; Ellis, John ; Ertel, Adrienne F. ; Fields, Brian D. ; Fry, Brian J. ; Liu, Zhenghai ; Miller, Jesse A. ; Surman, Rebecca
The astrophysical sites where r-process elements are synthesized remain mysterious: it is clear that neutron star mergers (kilonovae (KNe)) contribute, and some classes of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are also likely sources of at least the lighter r-process species. The discovery of 60Fe on the Earth and Moon implies that one or more astrophysical explosions have occurred near the Earth within the last few million years, probably SNe. [...]
arXiv:2105.05178; KCL-PH-TH/2021-03; CERN-TH-2021-014; N3AS-21-007.-
2021-12-23 - 45 p.
- Published in : Astrophys. J. 923 (2021) 219
Fulltext: PDF;
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3.
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Do we owe our existence to gravitational waves?
/ Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; CERN) ; Fields, Brian D. (Illinois U., Urbana) ; Surman, Rebecca (Notre Dame U.)
Two heavy elements essential to human biology are thought to have been produced by the astrophysical $r$-process, which occurs in neutron-rich environments: iodine is a constituent of thyroid hormones that affect many physiological processes including growth and development, body temperature and heart rate, and bromine is essential for tissue development and architecture. Collisions of neutron stars (kilonovae) have been identified as sources of $r$-process elements including tellurium, which is adjacent to iodine in the periodic table, and lanthanides. [...]
arXiv:2402.03593.-
2024-09-16 - 5 p.
- Published in : Phys. Lett. B 858 (2024) 139028
Fulltext: 2402.03593 - PDF; Publication - PDF;
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4.
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Supernova Dust Evolution Probed by Deep-sea $^{60}$Fe Time History
/ Ertel, Adrienne F. (Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept. ; Illinois U., Urbana (main)) ; Fry, Brian J. (U.S. Air Force Academy) ; Fields, Brian D. (Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept. ; Illinois U., Urbana (main) ; Illinois U., Urbana) ; Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; NICPB, Tallinn ; CERN)
There is a wealth of data on live, undecayed 60Fe ($t_{1/2} = 2.6 \ \rm Myr$) in deep-sea deposits, the lunar regolith, cosmic rays, and Antarctic snow, which is interpreted as originating from the recent explosions of at least two near-Earth supernovae. We use the 60Fe profiles in deep-sea sediments to estimate the timescale of supernova debris deposition beginning $\sim 3$ Myr ago. [...]
arXiv:2206.06464; KCL-PH-TH/2022-27; CERN-TH-2022-084.-
2023-04-20 - 42 p.
- Published in : Astrophys. J. 947 (2023) 58
Fulltext: 2206.06464 - PDF; document - PDF;
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5.
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Could a Kilonova Kill: a Threat Assessment
/ Perkins, Haille M.L. ; Ellis, John ; Fields, Brian D. ; Hartmann, Dieter H. ; Liu, Zhenghai ; McLaughlin, Gail C. ; Surman, Rebecca ; Wang, Xilu
Binary neutron star mergers (BNS) produce high-energy emissions from several physically different sources, including a gamma-ray burst (GRB) and its afterglow, a kilonova, and, at late times, a remnant many parsecs in size. Ionizing radiation from these sources can be dangerous for life on Earth-like planets when located too close. [...]
arXiv:2310.11627; KCL-PH-TH/2023-55; CERN-TH-2023-190.-
2024-01-24 - 21 p.
- Published in : Astrophys. J. 961 (2024) 170
Fulltext: 2310.11627 - PDF; document - PDF;
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6.
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Supernova Triggers for End-Devonian Extinctions
/ Fields, Brian D. (Illinois U., Urbana (main) ; Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept. ; Illinois U., Urbana) ; Melott, Adrian L. (Kansas U.) ; Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; CERN ; NICPB, Tallinn) ; Ertel, Adrienne F. ; Fry, Brian J. (U.S. Air Force Academy) ; Lieberman, Bruce S. (U. Kansas, Lawrence) ; Liu, Zhenghai (Illinois U., Urbana (main) ; Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.) ; Miller, Jesse A. (Illinois U., Urbana (main) ; Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.) ; Thomas, Brian C. (Washburn U.)
The Late Devonian was a protracted period of low speciation resulting in biodiversity decline, culminating in extinction events near the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. Recent evidence indicates that the final extinction event may have coincided with a dramatic drop in stratospheric ozone, possibly due to a global temperature rise. [...]
arXiv:2007.01887; CERN-TH-2020-102; CERN-TH-2020-102.-
2020-09-01 - 3 p.
- Published in : Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 117 (2020) 21008–21010
Fulltext: PDF; Fulltext from publisher: PDF;
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7.
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Magnetic Imprisonment of Dusty Pinballs by a Supernova Remnant
/ Fry, Brian J. (U.S. Air Force Academy ; Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.) ; Fields, Brian D. (Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept. ; Illinois U., Urbana) ; Ellis, John R. (King's Coll. London ; NICPB, Tallinn ; CERN)
Motivated by recent measurements of deposits of $^{60}$Fe on the ocean floor and the lunar surface, we model the transport of dust grains containing $^{60}$Fe from a near-Earth (i.e., within 100 pc) supernova (SN). We inject dust grains into the environment of an SN remnant (SNR) and trace their trajectories by applying a 1D hydrodynamic description assuming spherical symmetry to describe the plasma dynamics, and include a rudimentary, 3D magnetic field description to examine its influence on charged dust grains. [...]
arXiv:1801.06859; KCL-PH-TH/2018-01; CERN-TH/2018-003; KCL-PH-TH-2018-01; CERN-TH-2018-003.-
2020-05-12 - 29 p.
- Published in : Astrophys. J. 894 (2020) 109
Fulltext: PDF; Preprint: PDF;
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8.
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Two-neutron capture reactions and the r process
/ Bartlett, Amy (Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, USA) ; Görres, J (Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, USA) ; Mathews, G J (Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, USA) ; Otsuki, K (Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, USA) ; Wiescher, M (Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, USA) ; Frekers, D (Institut fur Kernphysik, Westfalische Wilhelms Universitat Munster, Germany) ; Mengoni, A (CERN)
2006
- Published in : Phys. Rev. C 74 (2006) 015802
APS Published version, local copy: PDF; External link: Fulltext
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9.
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Complexity Equals Anything?
/ Belin, Alexandre (CERN) ; Myers, Robert C. (Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.) ; Ruan, Shan-Ming (Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys. ; Waterloo U. ; Kyoto U., Yukawa Inst., Kyoto) ; Sárosi, Gábor (CERN) ; Speranza, Antony J. (Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys. ; Illinois U., Urbana)
We present a new infinite class of gravitational observables in asymptotically anti–de Sitter space living on codimension-one slices of the geometry, the most famous of which is the volume of the maximal slice. We show that these observables display universal features for the thermofield-double state: they grow linearly in time at late times and reproduce the switchback effect in shock wave geometries. [...]
arXiv:2111.02429; CERN-TH-2021-181; YITP-22-02.-
2022-02-23 - 7 p.
- Published in : Phys. Rev. Lett. 128 (2022) 081602
Fulltext: PDF;
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10.
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Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier: Modeling, statistics, simulations, and computing needs for direct dark matter detection
/ Kahn, Yonatan (Illinois U., Urbana) ; Monzani, Maria Elena (SLAC ; KIPAC, Menlo Park ; Vatican Astron. Observ.) ; Palladino, Kimberly J. (Oxford U.) ; Anderson, Tyler (SLAC ; KIPAC, Menlo Park) ; Bard, Deborah (LBL, Berkeley) ; Baxter, Daniel (Fermilab) ; Buuck, Micah (SLAC ; KIPAC, Menlo Park) ; Cartaro, Concetta (SLAC ; KIPAC, Menlo Park) ; Collar, Juan I. (Chicago U., EFI) ; Diamond, Miriam (Toronto U.) et al.
This paper summarizes the modeling, statistics, simulation, and computing needs of direct dark matter detection experiments in the next decade..
arXiv:2203.07700 ; FERMILAB-CONF-22-173-PPD.
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Fermilab Library Server - eConf - Fulltext - Fulltext
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