002917061 001__ 2917061
002917061 003__ SzGeCERN
002917061 005__ 20241114235909.0
002917061 0247_ $$2DOI$$9IEEE$$a10.1109/TNS.2024.3440010
002917061 0248_ $$aoai:cds.cern.ch:2917061$$pcerncds:FULLTEXT$$pcerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT$$pcerncds:CERN
002917061 035__ $$9https://inspirehep.net/api/oai2d$$aoai:inspirehep.net:2842069$$d2024-11-13T14:25:06Z$$h2024-11-14T06:51:42Z$$mmarcxml
002917061 035__ $$9Inspire$$a2842069
002917061 041__ $$aeng
002917061 100__ $$aKlekotko, A$$jORCID:0000-0002-4421-2836$$uCERN$$uLeuven U.$$vDepartment of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
002917061 245__ $$9IEEE$$aA Radiation-Tolerant 25.6-Gb/s High-Speed Transmitter in 28-nm CMOS With a Tolerance of 1 Grad
002917061 260__ $$c2024
002917061 300__ $$a9 p
002917061 520__ $$9IEEE$$aThis article presents a 25.6-Gbit $\cdot $ s−1 high-speed transmitter (HST) manufactured using 28-nm CMOS technology. The HST macroblock includes an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL), duty cycle corrector (DCC) circuit, data pattern generator, serializer, and a driver capable of driving the differential 100- $\Omega $ line as well as a silicon photonics (SiPh) ring modulator (RM). The design adopts various radiation hardening techniques, such as triple modular redundancy (TMR), physical circuit spacing, and protection against radiation-induced leakage. The circuit achieves a total ionizing dose (TID) tolerance above 1 Grad, which aligns with the future large hadron collider (LHC) detector upgrade requirements. In this article, the architecture of the HST based on the LC-tank-based ADPLL, half-rate serializer, and the source-series-terminated (SST) output driver included in the prototype chip is described. The experimental results are reported, including general evaluation as well as the radiation characterization of the HST.
002917061 540__ $$aCC-BY-4.0$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
002917061 542__ $$dThe Authors$$g2024
002917061 65017 $$2SzGeCERN$$aDetectors and Experimental Techniques
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aClocks
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aPhase locked loops
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aLarge Hadron Collider
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aFlip-flops
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aEurope
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aMultiplexing
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aDetectors
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aRadiation Tolerance
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$a28-nm CMOS
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aDuty Cycle
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aDose Concentration
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aPhase-locked Loop
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aCMOS Technology
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aSilicon Photonics
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aPower Consumption
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aData Generation
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aReplica
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aData Streams
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aPrinted Circuit Board
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aBit Error Rate
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aSupply Voltage
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aForward Error Correction
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aDual Use
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aSerialized
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aClock Frequency
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aVertical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasers
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aDatapath
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aLinear Energy Transfer
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aPower Supply Voltage
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aEye Diagrams
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aBond Wires
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aShift Register
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aClock Signal
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aInductive Load
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aCMOS-integrated circuits
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$ahigh-speed transmitters
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aradiation hardening
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$aradiation-tolerant electronics
002917061 6531_ $$9author$$atotal ionizing dose
002917061 690C_ $$aARTICLE
002917061 690C_ $$aCERN
002917061 700__ $$aBiereigel, S$$jORCID:0000-0001-6949-4318$$uCERN
002917061 700__ $$aBaszczyk, M$$uCERN
002917061 700__ $$aMoreira, P$$uCERN
002917061 700__ $$aMartina, F$$uCERN
002917061 700__ $$aPrinzie, J$$jORCID:0000-0002-7303-985X$$uLeuven U.
002917061 700__ $$aKulis, S$$jORCID:0000-0002-2755-6370$$uLeuven U.
002917061 773__ $$c2124-2132$$n9$$pIEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.$$v71$$y2024
002917061 8564_ $$82680796$$s11987884$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2917061/files/A_Radiation-Tolerant_25.6-Gb_s_High-Speed_Transmitter_in_28-nm_CMOS_With_a_Tolerance_of_1_Grad (1).pdf$$yFulltext
002917061 960__ $$a13
002917061 980__ $$aARTICLE