CERN Accelerating science

CMS Note
Report number	CMS-NOTE-2023-006 ; CERN-CMS-NOTE-2023-006
Title	Production and validation of industrially produced large-sized GEM foils for the Phase-2 upgrade of the CMS muon spectrometer
Author(s)	Abbas, Syed Mohsin (IPM, Tehran) ; Abbrescia, Marcello (INFN, Bari ; Bari U.) ; Abdalla, Hassan Fathy (Cairo, Acad. Sci. Res. Tech.) ; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali (Cairo, Acad. Sci. Res. Tech.) ; Abuzeid Hassan, Shimaa Abdelwahed (INFN, Pavia) ; Aebi, Devin Michael (Texas A-M) ; Agapitos, Antonis (Peking U.) ; Ahmad, Ashfaq (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Ahmed, Asar (Delhi U.) ; Ahmed, Waqar (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Aimè, Chiara (INFN, Pavia ; Pavia U.) ; Akhter, Towsifa (Texas A-M) ; Alsufyani, Bandar Mohammed (Florida Inst. Tech.) ; Aruta, Caterina (Florida U.) ; Asghar, Muhammad Irfan (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Aspell, Paul (CERN) ; Avila Bernal, Carlos Arturo (Andes U., Bogota) ; Babbar, Jyoti (Panjab U.) ; Ban, Yong (Peking U.) ; Band, Reyer Edmond (Notre Dame U.) ; Bansal, Sunil (Panjab U.) ; Benussi, Luigi (Frascati) ; Bhatnagar, Vipin (Panjab U.) ; Bianco, Michele (CERN) ; Bianco, Stefano (Frascati) ; Black, Kevin (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Borgonovi, Lisa (INFN, Bologna) ; Bouhali, Othmane (Texas A-M) ; Braghieri, Alessandro (INFN, Pavia) ; Braibant-Giacomelli, Sylvie (INFN, Bologna ; Bologna U.) ; Butalla, Stephen (Florida Inst. Tech.) ; Cagnotta, Antimo (INFN, Naples ; Naples U.) ; Calzaferri, Simone (INFN, Pavia) ; Campagnola, Roberto (Frascati) ; Caponero, Michele (Frascati) ; Carlson, Joseph (UCLA) ; Cassese, Francesco (INFN, Naples) ; Cavallo, Nicola (INFN, Naples ; Basilicata U., Potenza) ; Chauhan, S.S ; Choudhary, Brajesh Chandra (Delhi U.) ; Colafranceschi, Stefano (Frascati) ; Colaleo, Anna (INFN, Bari ; Bari U.) ; Conde Garcia, Antonio (CERN) ; Datta, Abhisek (UCLA) ; De Iorio, Agostino (INFN, Naples ; Naples U.) ; De Lentdecker, Gilles W P (Brussels U.) ; Dell'olio, Domenico (INFN, Bari) ; De Robertis, Giuseppe (INFN, Bari) ; Dharmaratna, Welathantri (Ruhuna U.) ; Elkafrawy, Tamer (Florida Inst. Tech.) ; Erbacher, Robin (UC, Davis) ; Everaerts, Pieter Bruno Bart (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Fabozzi, Francesco (INFN, Naples ; Basilicata U., Potenza) ; Fallavollita, Francesco (CERN) ; Fiorina, Davide (INFN, Pavia) ; Franco, Michele (INFN, Bari) ; Galloni, Camilla (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Giacomelli, Paolo (INFN, Bologna) ; Gigli, Samuel Guelfo (INFN, Pavia) ; Gilmore, Jason (Texas A-M) ; Gola, Mohit (Delhi U.) ; Gutierrez, Alfredo (Wayne State U.) ; Hadjiiska, Roumyana Mileva (Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Hoepfner, Kerstin (Aachen, Tech. Hochsch.) ; Hohlmann, Marcus (Florida Inst. Tech.) ; Hong, Yanwen (Gent U.) ; Hoorani, Hafeez R (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Huang, Tao (Texas A-M) ; Iaydjiev, Plamen (Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Irshad, Aamir (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Iorio, Alberto Orso Maria (INFN, Naples ; Naples U.) ; Ivone, Francesco (Aachen, Tech. Hochsch.) ; Jang, Woojin (Seoul U.) ; Jaramillo Gallego, Johny Alexander (Brussels U.) ; Jeong, Yongho (Sungkyunkwan U.) ; Jeng, Young Gun (Hanyang U.) ; Juska, Evaldas (Texas A-M) ; Kailasapathy, Balashangar (Colombo U.) ; Kamon, Teruki (Texas A-M) ; Kang, Yechan (Seoul U.) ; Karchin, Paul Edmund (Wayne State U.) ; Kaur, A ; Kaur, Harjot (Panjab U.) ; Keller, Henning (Aachen, Tech. Hochsch.) ; Kim, Hyunchul (Chonnam Natl. U.) ; Kim, Jaebak (UC, Santa Barbara) ; KIM, Sangyeon (Sungkyunkwan U.) ; Ko, Byeonghak (Seoul U.) ; Kumar, Ashok (Delhi U.) ; Kumar, Sunil (Panjab U.) ; Lacalamita, Nicola (INFN, Bari) ; Lee, J.S.H ; Levin, Andrew Michael (Peking U.) ; Li, Qiang (Peking U.) ; Licciulli, Francesco (INFN, Bari) ; Lista, Luca (INFN, Naples ; Naples U.) ; Liyanage, Kalpanie Madara (Ruhuna U.) ; Loddo, Flavio (INFN, Bari) ; Luhach, M ; Maggi, Marcello (INFN, Bari) ; Maghrbi, Yasser (AUM, Kuwait) ; Majumdar, Nayana (Saha Inst.) ; Malagalage, Kithsiri Jayananda (Colombo U.) ; Martiradonna, Sabino (INFN, Bari ; Bari U.) ; Mc Lean, Christine Angela (SUNY, Buffalo) ; Merlin, Jeremie Alexandre (Hanyang U.) ; Misheva, Milena Hristova (Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Mocellin, Giovanni (UC, Davis) ; Moureaux, Louis Jean (Hamburg U.) ; Muhammad, Ammad (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Muhammad, Saleh (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Mukhopadhyay, Supratik (Saha Inst.) ; Naimuddin, Md (Delhi U.) ; Nuzzo, Salvatore (INFN, Bari ; Bari U.) ; Vizinho De Oliveira, Rui (LIP, Lisbon) ; Paolucci, Pierluigi (INFN, Naples) ; Park, I.C ; Passamonti, Luciano (Frascati) ; Passeggio, Giuseppe (INFN, Naples) ; Peck, Andrew Nickolas (Boston U.) ; Pellecchia, Antonello (INFN, Bari ; Bari U.) ; Perera, Nimantha (Ruhuna U.) ; Petre, Laurent (Brussels U.) ; Piccolo, Davide (Frascati) ; Pierluigi, Daniele (Frascati) ; Raffone, G ; Ramirez Garcia, Luis Felipe (Antioquia U.) ; Ranieri, Antonio (INFN, Bari) ; Rashevski, Georgi Dimitrov (Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Rathjens, Denis (Texas A-M) ; Regnery, Brendan (KIT, Karlsruhe, EKP) ; Rendon Hinestroza, Cesar (Gent U.) ; Riccardi, Cristina (INFN, Pavia ; Pavia U.) ; Rossi, Biagio (INFN, Naples) ; Rout, Prasant Kumar (Taiwan, Natl. Central U.) ; Ruiz Alvarez, Jose David (Antioquia U.) ; Russo, Alessandro (Frascati) ; Safonov, Alexei (Texas A-M) ; Sahota, A. K ; Saltzberg, David Paul (UCLA) ; Saviano, Giovanna (Frascati) ; Shah, Mehar Ali (Iberoamericana U.) ; Sharma, Archie (Aachen, Tech. Hochsch.) ; Sharma, Richa (Puerto Rico U., Mayaguez) ; Sheokand, Tanvi (Panjab U.) ; Shopova, Mariana (Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Simone, Federica Maria (INFN, Bari ; Bari U.) ; Singh, Jasbir (Panjab U.) ; Sonnadara, Don Upul Jayasiri (Colombo U.) ; Sturdy, Jared (Florida U.) ; Soultanov, Gueorgui (Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Szillasi, Zoltan (Debrecen, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Teague, Dylan Oliver (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Teyssier, Daniel Francois (Debrecen, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Tytgat, Michael (Vrije U., Brussels) ; Vai, Ilaria (INFN, Pavia ; Pavia U.) ; Vanegas Arbelaez, Nelson (Antioquia U.) ; Venditti, Rosamaria (INFN, Bari) ; Verwilligen, Piet Omer J (INFN, Bari) ; Vetens, Wren (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Virdi, A.K ; Vitulo, Paolo (INFN, Pavia ; Pavia U.) ; Khan, Wajid Ali (Quaid-i-Azam U.) ; Wang, D ; Wang, Kai (Zhejiang U.) ; Watson, Ian James (Seoul U.) ; Wickramage, Nadeesha Manohari (Ruhuna U.) ; Dhammage, Deshitha Chamikara Wickramarathna (Colombo U.) ; Yanes, Erick Tyler (Florida Inst. Tech.) ; Yang, Seungjin (Kyung Hee U.) ; Yang, Un Ki (Seoul Natl. U.) ; Yang, Y ; Yoon, Inseok (Seoul Natl. U.) ; You, Zhengyun (SYSU, Guangzhou) ; Yu, Intae (Sungkyunkwan U.) ; Zaleski, Shawn Gregory (Aachen, Tech. Hochsch.)
Publication	2023
Imprint	01 Jul 2023
Number of pages	18
Subject category	Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN LHC ; CMS
Keywords	Muons
Abstract	The upgrade of the CMS detector for the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will include gas electron multiplier (GEM) detectors in the end-cap muon spectrometer. Due to the limited supply of large area GEM detectors, the Korean CMS (KCMS) collaboration had formed a consortium with Mecaro Co., Ltd. to serve as a supplier of GEM foils with area of approximately 0.6 m$^{2}$. The consortium has developed a double-mask etching technique for production of these large-sized GEM foils. This article describes the production, quality control, and quality assessment (QA/QC) procedures and the mass production status for the GEM foils. Validation procedures indicate that the structure of the Korean foils are in the designed range. Detectors employing the Korean foils satisfy the requirements of the HL-LHC in terms of the effective gain, response uniformity, rate capability, discharge probability, and hardness against discharges. No aging phenomena were observed with a charge collection of 82 mC/cm$^{2}$. Mass production of KCMS GEM foils is currently in progress.