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Title	NO at low concentration can enhance the formation of highly oxygenated biogenic molecules in the atmosphere
Author(s)	Nie, Wei (Nanjing U. (main) ; Unlisted, CN ; Helsinki U. ; SYRTE, Paris) ; Yan, Chao (Nanjing U. (main) ; Unlisted, CN ; Helsinki U. ; SYRTE, Paris) ; Yang, Liwen (Nanjing U. (main)) ; Roldin, Pontus (Khlopin Radium Inst. ; Malmo U.) ; Liu, Yuliang (Nanjing U. (main)) ; Vogel, Alexander L (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Molteni, Ugo (PSI, Villigen ; UC, Irvine (main) ; Unlisted, US) ; Stolzenburg, Dominik (Helsinki U. ; Vienna U.) ; Finkenzeller, Henning (Colorado U.) ; Amorim, Antonio (CMAF, Lisbon) ; Bianchi, Federico (Helsinki U.) ; Curtius, Joachim (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Dada, Lubna (Helsinki U. ; PSI, Villigen) ; Draper, Danielle C (UC, Irvine (main) ; Caltech) ; Duplissy, Jonathan (Helsinki U. ; Jyvaskyla U.) ; Hansel, Armin (Innsbruck U.) ; He, Xu-Cheng (Helsinki U.) ; Hofbauer, Victoria (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Jokinen, Tuija (Helsinki U. ; Cyprus Inst.) ; Kim, Changhyuk (Pusan Natl. U. ; Caltech) ; Lehtipalo, Katrianne (Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Nichman, Leonid (CRPP, Ottawa) ; Mauldin, Roy L (Carnegie Mellon U. ; U. Colorado, Boulder) ; Makhmutov, Vladimir (Lebedev Inst. ; Moscow, MIPT) ; Mentler, Bernhard (Innsbruck U., Inst. Astrophys.) ; Mizelli-Ojdanic, Andrea (Vienna U. ; Vienna, Tech. U.) ; Petäjä, Tuukka (Helsinki U.) ; Quéléver, Lauriane L J (Helsinki U.) ; Schallhart, Simon (Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Simon, Mario (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Tauber, Christian (Vienna U.) ; Tomé, António (UBI, Covilha) ; Volkamer, Rainer (Colorado U.) ; Wagner, Andrea C (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U. ; Colorado U.) ; Wagner, Robert (Helsinki U.) ; Wang, Mingyi (Caltech) ; Ye, Penglin (Fudan U. ; Fudan U., Surf. Phys. Lab.) ; Li, Haiyan (Harbin Inst. Tech.) ; Huang, Wei (Helsinki U.) ; Qi, Ximeng (Nanjing U. (main) ; Unlisted, CN) ; Lou, Sijia (Nanjing U. (main)) ; Liu, Tengyu (Nanjing U. (main) ; Unlisted, CN) ; Chi, Xuguang (Nanjing U. (main) ; Unlisted, CN) ; Dommen, Josef (PSI, Villigen) ; Baltensperger, Urs (PSI, Villigen) ; Haddad, Imad El (PSI, Villigen) ; Kirkby, Jasper (CERN) ; Worsnop, Douglas (Helsinki U. ; Xonics Inc.) ; Kulmala, Markku (Nanjing U. (main) ; Helsinki U.) ; Donahue, Neil M (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Ehn, Mikael (Helsinki U.) ; Ding, Aijun (Nanjing U. (main) ; Unlisted, CN)
Publication	2023
Number of pages	11
In:	Nature Commun. 14 (2023) 3347
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-39066-4
Subject category	Physics in General
Abstract	The interaction between nitrogen monoxide (NO) and organic peroxy radicals (RO$_{2}$) greatly impacts the formation of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOM), the key precursors of secondary organic aerosols. It has been thought that HOM production can be significantly suppressed by NO even at low concentrations. Here, we perform dedicated experiments focusing on HOM formation from monoterpenes at low NO concentrations (0 – 82 pptv). We demonstrate that such low NO can enhance HOM production by modulating the RO$_{2}$ loss and favoring the formation of alkoxy radicals that can continue to autoxidize through isomerization. These insights suggest that HOM yields from typical boreal forest emissions can vary between 2.5%-6.5%, and HOM formation will not be completely inhibited even at high NO concentrations. Our findings challenge the notion that NO monotonically reduces HOM yields by extending the knowledge of RO$_{2}$-NO interactions to the low-NO regime. This represents a major advance towards an accurate assessment of HOM budgets, especially in low-NO environments, which prevails in the pre-industrial atmosphere, pristine areas, and the upper boundary layer.
Copyright/License	Publication: © 2023-2024 The Author(s) (License: CC-BY-4.0)

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