CERN Accelerating science

Article
Title	Survival of newly formed particles in haze conditions
Author(s)	Marten, Ruby (PSI, Villigen) ; Xiao, Mao (PSI, Villigen) ; Rorup, Birte (Helsinki U.) ; Wang, Mingyi (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Kong, Weimeng (Caltech) ; He, Xu-Cheng (Helsinki U.) ; Stolzenburg, Dominik (Helsinki U.) ; Pfeifer, Joschka (CERN ; Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Marie, Guillaume (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Wang, Dongyu S (PSI, Villigen) ; Scholz, Wiebke (Innsbruck U.) ; Baccarini, Andrea (PSI, Villigen ; Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne) ; Lee, Chuan Ping (PSI, Villigen) ; Amorim, Antonio (Lisbon, CENTRA) ; Baalbaki, Rima (Helsinki U.) ; Bell, David M (PSI, Villigen) ; Bertozzi, Barbara (Karlsruhe, Forschungszentrum) ; Caudillo, Lucia (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Chu, Biwu (Helsinki U.) ; Dada, Lubna (PSI, Villigen) ; Duplissy, Jonathan (Caltech ; Helsinki U. ; Jyvaskyla U.) ; Finkenzeller, Henning (Colorado u.) ; Carracedo, Loic Gonzalez (Vienna U.) ; Granzin, Manuel (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Hansel, Armin (Innsbruck U.) ; Heinritzi, Martin (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Hofbauer, Victoria (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Kemppainen, Deniz (Helsinki U.) ; Kurten, Andreas (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Lampimaki, Markus (Helsinki U.) ; Lehtipalo, Katrianne (Helsinki U. ; Finnish Meteorological Inst.) ; Makhmutov, Vladimir (Lebedev Inst.) ; Manninen, Hanna E (CERN) ; Mentler, Bernhard (Innsbruck U.) ; Petaja, Tuukka (Helsinki U.) ; Philippov, Maxim (Lebedev Inst.) ; Shen, Jiali (Helsinki U.) ; Simon, Mario (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Stozhkov, Yuri (Lebedev Inst.) ; Tome, Antonio (Beira Interior U., Covilha) ; Wagner, Andrea C (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Wang, Yonghong (Helsinki U.) ; Weber, Stefan K (CERN) ; Wu, Yusheng (Helsinki U.) ; Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Curtius, Joachim (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Kulmala, Markku (Helsinki U.) ; Mohler, Ottmar (Karlsruhe, Forschungszentrum) ; Volkamer, Rainer (Colorado u.) ; Winkler, Paul M (Vienna U.) ; Worsnop, Douglas R (New England Nucl.) ; Dommen, Josef (PSI, Villigen) ; Flagan, Richard C (Caltech) ; Kirkby, Jasper (CERN ; Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Donahue, Neil M (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Lamkaddam, Houssni (PSI, Villigen) ; Baltensperger, Urs (PSI, Villigen) ; Haddad, Imad El (PSI, Villigen)
Publication	2022
Number of pages	9
In:	Environmental Science: Atmospheres 2 (2022) 491-499
DOI	10.1039/d2ea00007e
Subject category	Astrophysics and Astronomy
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN PS ; CLOUD PS210
Abstract	Intense new particle formation events are regularly observed under highly polluted conditions, despite the high loss rates of nucleated clusters. Higher than expected cluster survival probability implies either ineffective scavenging by pre-existing particles or missing growth mechanisms. Here we present experiments performed in the CLOUD chamber at CERN showing particle formation from a mixture of anthropogenic vapours, under condensation sinks typical of haze conditions, up to 0.1 s$^{-1}$ . We find that new particle formation rates substantially decrease at higher concentrations of pre-existing particles, demonstrating experimentally for the first time that molecular clusters are efficiently scavenged by larger sized particles. Additionally, we demonstrate that in the presence of supersaturated gas-phase nitric acid (HNO$_3$) and ammonia (NH$_3$), freshly nucleated particles can grow extremely rapidly, maintaining a high particle number concentration, even in the presence of a high condensation sink. Such high growth rates may explain the high survival probability of freshly formed particles under haze conditions. We identify under what typical urban conditions HNO$_3$ and NH$_3$ can be expected to contribute to particle survival during haze.
Copyright/License	publication: (License: CC-BY-NC-3.0) © 2022-2024 The Author(s)

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