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Feynman diagrams at LO for $\ttH$ production.

Feynman diagrams at LO for $\ttH$ production.

Feynman diagrams at LO for $\tH$ production via the $t$-channel ($\tHq$ in \cmsTop \cmsLeft and \cmsTop \cmsRight) and $s$-channel (\cmsMid) processes, and for associated production of a Higgs boson with a single top quark and a $\PW$ boson ($\tHW$ in \cmsBottom \cmsLeft and \cmsBottom \cmsRight). The $\tHq$ and $\tHW$ production processes are shown for the five-flavor scheme.

Feynman diagrams at LO for $\tH$ production via the $t$-channel ($\tHq$ in \cmsTop \cmsLeft and \cmsTop \cmsRight) and $s$-channel (\cmsMid) processes, and for associated production of a Higgs boson with a single top quark and a $\PW$ boson ($\tHW$ in \cmsBottom \cmsLeft and \cmsBottom \cmsRight). The $\tHq$ and $\tHW$ production processes are shown for the five-flavor scheme.

Feynman diagrams at LO for $\tH$ production via the $t$-channel ($\tHq$ in \cmsTop \cmsLeft and \cmsTop \cmsRight) and $s$-channel (\cmsMid) processes, and for associated production of a Higgs boson with a single top quark and a $\PW$ boson ($\tHW$ in \cmsBottom \cmsLeft and \cmsBottom \cmsRight). The $\tHq$ and $\tHW$ production processes are shown for the five-flavor scheme.

Feynman diagrams at LO for $\tH$ production via the $t$-channel ($\tHq$ in \cmsTop \cmsLeft and \cmsTop \cmsRight) and $s$-channel (\cmsMid) processes, and for associated production of a Higgs boson with a single top quark and a $\PW$ boson ($\tHW$ in \cmsBottom \cmsLeft and \cmsBottom \cmsRight). The $\tHq$ and $\tHW$ production processes are shown for the five-flavor scheme.

Feynman diagrams at LO for $\tH$ production via the $t$-channel ($\tHq$ in \cmsTop \cmsLeft and \cmsTop \cmsRight) and $s$-channel (\cmsMid) processes, and for associated production of a Higgs boson with a single top quark and a $\PW$ boson ($\tHW$ in \cmsBottom \cmsLeft and \cmsBottom \cmsRight). The $\tHq$ and $\tHW$ production processes are shown for the five-flavor scheme.

Diagram showing the categorization strategy used for the signal extraction, making use of MVA-based algorithms and topological variables. In addition to the ten channels, the ML fit receives input from two control regions (CRs) defined in Section~\ref{sec:backgroundEstimation_control_regions}.

Transverse momentum (\cmsLeft) and pseudorapidity (\cmsMid) distributions of bottom quarks produced in top quark decays in $\ttH$ signal events compared to $\ttbar$+jets background events, and multiplicity of jets passing tight $\Pbottom$ jet identification criteria (\cmsRight). The latter distribution is shown separately for $\ttbar$+jets background events in which a nonprompt lepton is misidentified as a prompt lepton and for those background events in which all reconstructed leptons are prompt leptons. The events are selected in the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$ channel.

Transverse momentum (\cmsLeft) and pseudorapidity (\cmsMid) distributions of bottom quarks produced in top quark decays in $\ttH$ signal events compared to $\ttbar$+jets background events, and multiplicity of jets passing tight $\Pbottom$ jet identification criteria (\cmsRight). The latter distribution is shown separately for $\ttbar$+jets background events in which a nonprompt lepton is misidentified as a prompt lepton and for those background events in which all reconstructed leptons are prompt leptons. The events are selected in the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$ channel.

Transverse momentum (\cmsLeft) and pseudorapidity (\cmsMid) distributions of bottom quarks produced in top quark decays in $\ttH$ signal events compared to $\ttbar$+jets background events, and multiplicity of jets passing tight $\Pbottom$ jet identification criteria (\cmsRight). The latter distribution is shown separately for $\ttbar$+jets background events in which a nonprompt lepton is misidentified as a prompt lepton and for those background events in which all reconstructed leptons are prompt leptons. The events are selected in the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$ channel.

Distributions of $\mtfix$ for events containing an electron candidate of $25 < \pt < 35\GeV$ in the ECAL barrel, which (\cmsLeft) passes the nominal selection and (\cmsRight) passes the relaxed, but fails the nominal selection. The ``electroweak'' (EWK) background refers to the sum of $\PW$+jets, DY, and diboson production. The ``rare'' backgrounds are defined in the text. The data in the fail sample agrees with the sum of multijet, EWK, $\ttbar$+jets, and rare backgrounds by construction, as the number of multijet events in the fail sample is computed by subtracting the sum of EWK, $\ttbar$+jets, and rare background contributions from the data. The misidentification probabilities are derived separately for each era: this figure shows, as an example, the results obtained with the 2017 data set. The uncertainty band represents the total uncertainty after the fit has been performed.

Distributions of $\mtfix$ for events containing an electron candidate of $25 < \pt < 35\GeV$ in the ECAL barrel, which (\cmsLeft) passes the nominal selection and (\cmsRight) passes the relaxed, but fails the nominal selection. The ``electroweak'' (EWK) background refers to the sum of $\PW$+jets, DY, and diboson production. The ``rare'' backgrounds are defined in the text. The data in the fail sample agrees with the sum of multijet, EWK, $\ttbar$+jets, and rare backgrounds by construction, as the number of multijet events in the fail sample is computed by subtracting the sum of EWK, $\ttbar$+jets, and rare background contributions from the data. The misidentification probabilities are derived separately for each era: this figure shows, as an example, the results obtained with the 2017 data set. The uncertainty band represents the total uncertainty after the fit has been performed.

Transverse momentum distributions of nonprompt (\cmsLeft) electrons and (\cmsRight) muons in simulated $\ttbar$+jets events, for the three cases ``nominal'', ``relaxed, $f_{i}$ from $\ttbar$+jets'', and ``relaxed, $f_{i}$ from multijet'' discussed in text. The figure illustrates that a nonclosure correction needs to be applied to the probabilities $f_{i}$ measured for electrons in data, while no such correction is needed for muons.

Transverse momentum distributions of nonprompt (\cmsLeft) electrons and (\cmsRight) muons in simulated $\ttbar$+jets events, for the three cases ``nominal'', ``relaxed, $f_{i}$ from $\ttbar$+jets'', and ``relaxed, $f_{i}$ from multijet'' discussed in text. The figure illustrates that a nonclosure correction needs to be applied to the probabilities $f_{i}$ measured for electrons in data, while no such correction is needed for muons.

Distributions of $m_{\Pe\Pe}$ for (\cmsLeft) SS and (\cmsRight) OS electron pairs in $\Zee$ candidate events in which both electrons are in the ECAL barrel and have transverse momenta within the range $25 < \pt < 50\GeV$, for data recorded in 2018, compared to the expectation. Uncertainties shown are statistical only. A similar level of agreement is present in all the other momentum ranges and data-taking periods.

Distributions of $m_{\Pe\Pe}$ for (\cmsLeft) SS and (\cmsRight) OS electron pairs in $\Zee$ candidate events in which both electrons are in the ECAL barrel and have transverse momenta within the range $25 < \pt < 50\GeV$, for data recorded in 2018, compared to the expectation. Uncertainties shown are statistical only. A similar level of agreement is present in all the other momentum ranges and data-taking periods.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\ttW$ background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and other backgrounds (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\ttW$ background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and other backgrounds (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\ttW$ background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and other backgrounds (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\ttW$ background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and other backgrounds (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\threeLeptonZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), and background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). In case of the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel, the activation value of the ANN output nodes for $\ttH$ signal, $\tH$ signal, and background are shown together in a single histogram, concatenating histogram bins as appropriate and enumerating the bins by a monotonously increasing number. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\threeLeptonZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), and background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). In case of the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel, the activation value of the ANN output nodes for $\ttH$ signal, $\tH$ signal, and background are shown together in a single histogram, concatenating histogram bins as appropriate and enumerating the bins by a monotonously increasing number. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\threeLeptonZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), and background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). In case of the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel, the activation value of the ANN output nodes for $\ttH$ signal, $\tH$ signal, and background are shown together in a single histogram, concatenating histogram bins as appropriate and enumerating the bins by a monotonously increasing number. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the activation value of the ANN output node with the highest activation value for events selected in the $\threeLeptonZeroTau$ channel and classified as $\ttH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\tH$ signal (\cmsTop \cmsRight), and background (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and for events selected in the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel (\cmsBottom \cmsRight). In case of the $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channel, the activation value of the ANN output nodes for $\ttH$ signal, $\tH$ signal, and background are shown together in a single histogram, concatenating histogram bins as appropriate and enumerating the bins by a monotonously increasing number. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the BDT output for events selected in the $\oneLeptonOneTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\zeroLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsRight), and $\twoLeptonosOneTau$ (\cmsBottom) channels. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the BDT output for events selected in the $\oneLeptonOneTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\zeroLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsRight), and $\twoLeptonosOneTau$ (\cmsBottom) channels. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the BDT output for events selected in the $\oneLeptonOneTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\zeroLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsRight), and $\twoLeptonosOneTau$ (\cmsBottom) channels. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the BDT output used for the signal extraction in the $\oneLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\fourLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\threeLeptonOneTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and $\twoLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsRight) channels. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the BDT output used for the signal extraction in the $\oneLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\fourLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\threeLeptonOneTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and $\twoLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsRight) channels. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the BDT output used for the signal extraction in the $\oneLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\fourLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\threeLeptonOneTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and $\twoLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsRight) channels. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of the BDT output used for the signal extraction in the $\oneLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsLeft), $\fourLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsTop \cmsRight), $\threeLeptonOneTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsLeft), and $\twoLeptonTwoTau$ (\cmsBottom \cmsRight) channels. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of discriminating observables in the $\threeLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsLeft) and $\fourLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsRight) control region. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distributions of discriminating observables in the $\threeLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsLeft) and $\fourLeptonZeroTau$ (\cmsRight) control region. The distributions expected for the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals and for background processes are shown for the values of the parameters of interest and of the nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit. The best fit value of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ production rates amounts to $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$ and $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$ times the rates expected in the SM.

Distribution of the decimal logarithm of the ratio between the expected $\ttH+\tH$ signal and the expected sum of background contributions in each bin of the $105$ distributions that are included in the ML fit used for the signal extraction. The distributions expected for signal and background processes are computed for $\rhat_{\ttH} = 0.92$, $\rhat_{\tH} = 5.7$, and the values of nuisance parameters obtained from the ML fit.

Production rate $\rhat_{\ttH}$ of the $\ttH$ signal (\cmsLeft) and $\rhat_{\tH}$ of $\tH$ signal (\cmsRight), in units of their rate of production expected in the SM, measured in each of the ten channels individually and for the combination of all channels. The central value of the signal strength in the \twoLeptonTwoTau is constrained to be greater than zero.

Production rate $\rhat_{\ttH}$ of the $\ttH$ signal (\cmsLeft) and $\rhat_{\tH}$ of $\tH$ signal (\cmsRight), in units of their rate of production expected in the SM, measured in each of the ten channels individually and for the combination of all channels. The central value of the signal strength in the \twoLeptonTwoTau is constrained to be greater than zero.

Two-dimensional contours of the likelihood function $\mathcal{L}$, given by Eq.~(\ref{eq:likelihoodFunction}), as a function of the production rates of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals ($\r_{\ttH}$ and $\r_{\tH}$) and of the $\ttZ$ and $\ttW$ backgrounds ($\r_{\ttZ}$ and $\r_{\ttW}$). The two production rates that are not shown on either the $x$ or the $y$ axis are profiled such that the function $\mathcal{L}$ attains its minimum at each point in the $x$-$y$ plane.

Two-dimensional contours of the likelihood function $\mathcal{L}$, given by Eq.~(\ref{eq:likelihoodFunction}), as a function of the production rates of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals ($\r_{\ttH}$ and $\r_{\tH}$) and of the $\ttZ$ and $\ttW$ backgrounds ($\r_{\ttZ}$ and $\r_{\ttW}$). The two production rates that are not shown on either the $x$ or the $y$ axis are profiled such that the function $\mathcal{L}$ attains its minimum at each point in the $x$-$y$ plane.

Two-dimensional contours of the likelihood function $\mathcal{L}$, given by Eq.~(\ref{eq:likelihoodFunction}), as a function of the production rates of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals ($\r_{\ttH}$ and $\r_{\tH}$) and of the $\ttZ$ and $\ttW$ backgrounds ($\r_{\ttZ}$ and $\r_{\ttW}$). The two production rates that are not shown on either the $x$ or the $y$ axis are profiled such that the function $\mathcal{L}$ attains its minimum at each point in the $x$-$y$ plane.

Two-dimensional contours of the likelihood function $\mathcal{L}$, given by Eq.~(\ref{eq:likelihoodFunction}), as a function of the production rates of the $\ttH$ and $\tH$ signals ($\r_{\ttH}$ and $\r_{\tH}$) and of the $\ttZ$ and $\ttW$ backgrounds ($\r_{\ttZ}$ and $\r_{\ttW}$). The two production rates that are not shown on either the $x$ or the $y$ axis are profiled such that the function $\mathcal{L}$ attains its minimum at each point in the $x$-$y$ plane.

Probability for $\tH$ signal events produced by the $\tHq$ (\cmsLeft) and $\tHW$ (\cmsRight) production process to pass the event selection criteria for the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$, $\threeLeptonZeroTau$, and $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channels in each of the Higgs boson decay modes as a function of the ratio $\kappat/\kappaV$ of the Higgs boson couplings to the top quark and to the $\PW$ boson.

Probability for $\tH$ signal events produced by the $\tHq$ (\cmsLeft) and $\tHW$ (\cmsRight) production process to pass the event selection criteria for the $\twoLeptonssZeroTau$, $\threeLeptonZeroTau$, and $\twoLeptonssOneTau$ channels in each of the Higgs boson decay modes as a function of the ratio $\kappat/\kappaV$ of the Higgs boson couplings to the top quark and to the $\PW$ boson.

Dependence of the likelihood function $\mathcal{L}$ in Eq.~(\ref{eq:likelihoodFunction}), as a function of $\kappat$, profiling over $\kappaV$ (\cmsLeft), and as a function of $\kappat$ and $\kappaV$ (\cmsRight).

Dependence of the likelihood function $\mathcal{L}$ in Eq.~(\ref{eq:likelihoodFunction}), as a function of $\kappat$, profiling over $\kappaV$ (\cmsLeft), and as a function of $\kappat$ and $\kappaV$ (\cmsRight).