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Title	Compression of a mixed antiproton and electron non-neutral plasma to high densities
Author(s)	Aghion, Stefano (Milan Polytechnic ; INFN, Milan) ; Amsler, Claude (Stefan Meyer Inst. Subatomare Phys.) ; Bonomi, Germano (Brescia U. ; INFN, Pavia) ; Brusa, Roberto S (Trento U. ; INFN, Trento) ; Caccia, Massimo (INFN, Milan ; Insubria U., Como) ; Caravita, Ruggero (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; Castelli, Fabrizio (INFN, Milan ; Milan U.) ; Cerchiari, Giovanni (Heidelberg, Max Planck Inst.) ; Comparat, Daniel (LAC, Orsay) ; Consolati, Giovanni (Milan Polytechnic ; INFN, Milan) ; Demetrio, Andrea (Kirchhoff Inst. Phys.) ; Di Noto, Lea (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; Doser, Michael (CERN) ; Evans, Craig (Milan Polytechnic ; INFN, Milan) ; Fanì, Mattia (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa ; CERN) ; Ferragut, Rafael (Milan Polytechnic ; INFN, Milan) ; Fesel, Julian (CERN) ; Fontana, Andrea (INFN, Pavia) ; Gerber, Sebastian (CERN) ; Giammarchi, Marco (INFN, Milan) ; Gligorova, Angela (Stefan Meyer Inst. Subatomare Phys.) ; Guatieri, Francesco (Trento U. ; INFN, Trento) ; Haider, Stefan (CERN) ; Hinterberger, Alexander (CERN) ; Holmestad, Helga (Oslo U.) ; Kellerbauer, Alban (Heidelberg, Max Planck Inst.) ; Khalidova, Olga (CERN) ; Krasnický, Daniel (INFN, Genoa) ; Lagomarsino, Vittorio (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; Lansonneur, Pierre (Lyon, IPN) ; Lebrun, Patrice (Lyon, IPN) ; Malbrunot, Chloé (Stefan Meyer Inst. Subatomare Phys. ; CERN) ; Mariazzi, Sebastiano (Trento U. ; INFN, Trento) ; Marton, Johann (Stefan Meyer Inst. Subatomare Phys.) ; Matveev, Victor (Moscow, INR ; Dubna, JINR) ; Mazzotta, Zeudi (INFN, Milan ; Milan U.) ; Müller, Simon R (Kirchhoff Inst. Phys.) ; Nebbia, Giancarlo (INFN, Padua) ; Nedelec, Patrick (Lyon, IPN) ; Oberthaler, Markus (Kirchhoff Inst. Phys.) ; Pacifico, Nicola (CERN) ; Pagano, Davide (Brescia U. ; INFN, Pavia) ; Penasa, Luca (Trento U. ; INFN, Trento) ; Petracek, Vojtech (Prague, Tech. U.) ; Prelz, Francesco (INFN, Milan) ; Prevedelli, Marco (Bologna U.) ; Rienaecker, Benjamin (CERN) ; Robert, Jacques (LAC, Orsay) ; Røhne, Ole M (Oslo U.) ; Rotondi, Alberto (INFN, Pavia ; Pavia U.) ; Sandaker, Heidi (Oslo U.) ; Santoro, Romualdo (INFN, Milan ; Insubria U., Como) ; Smestad, Lillian (CERN ; Res. Council, Norway) ; Sorrentino, Fiodor (INFN, Genoa) ; Testera, Gemma (INFN, Genoa) ; Tietje, Ingmari C (CERN) ; Widmann, Eberhard (Stefan Meyer Inst. Subatomare Phys.) ; Yzombard, Pauline (Heidelberg, Max Planck Inst.) ; Zimmer, Christian (Heidelberg, Max Planck Inst. ; CERN ; Heidelberg U.) ; Zmeskal, Johann (Stefan Meyer Inst. Subatomare Phys.) ; Zurlo, Nicola (INFN, Pavia ; U. Brescia) ; Antonello, Massimiliano (INFN, Milan ; Insubria U., Como)
Publication	2018
Number of pages	11
In:	Eur. Phys. J. D 72, 4 (2018) pp.76 Eur. Phys. J. D 73, 11 (2019) pp.73
DOI	10.1140/epjd/e2018-80617-x (publication) 10.1140/epjd/e2019-100438-9 (erratum)
Subject category	Physics in General
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN AEgIS
Abstract	We describe a multi-step “rotating wall” compression of a mixed cold antiproton–electron non-neutral plasma in a 4.46 T Penning–Malmberg trap developed in the context of the AEḡIS experiment at CERN. Such traps are routinely used for the preparation of cold antiprotons suitable for antihydrogen production. A tenfold antiproton radius compression has been achieved, with a minimum antiproton radius of only 0.17 mm. We describe the experimental conditions necessary to perform such a compression: minimizing the tails of the electron density distribution is paramount to ensure that the antiproton density distribution follows that of the electrons. Such electron density tails are remnants of rotating wall compression and in many cases can remain unnoticed. We observe that the compression dynamics for a pure electron plasma behaves the same way as that of a mixed antiproton and electron plasma. Thanks to this optimized compression method and the high single shot antiproton catching efficiency, we observe for the first time cold and dense non-neutral antiproton plasmas with particle densities $n \geq 10^{13}$ m$^{−3}$, which pave the way for an efficient pulsed antihydrogen production in AEḡIS.
Copyright/License	publication: © 2018-2024 The Author(s) (License: CC-BY-4.0) erratum: © 2019-2024 EDP Sciences / Societa Italiana di Fisica / Springer-Verlag GmbH

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