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CERN Accelerating science

Article
Report number arXiv:1502.01593
Title Planck 2015 results. XVIII. Background geometry & topology
Author(s)

Ade, P.A.R. (Cardiff U.) ; Aghanim, N. (Orsay, IAS) ; Arnaud, M. (AIM, Saclay) ; Ashdown, M. (Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U.) ; Aumont, J. (Orsay, IAS) ; Baccigalupi, C. (INFN, Trieste ; SISSA, Trieste) ; Banday, A.J. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Barreiro, R.B. (Cantabria U., Santander) ; Bartolo, N. (Padua U. ; INFN, Padua) ; Basak, S. (INFN, Trieste ; SISSA, Trieste) ; Battaner, E. (Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.) ; Benabed, K. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Benoît, A. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Benoit-Lévy, A. (University Coll. London ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Bernard, J.P. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Bersanelli, M. (Milan U. ; IASF, Milan) ; Bielewicz, P. (Warsaw, Copernicus Astron. Ctr. ; IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U. ; INFN, Trieste ; SISSA, Trieste) ; Bock, J.J. (Caltech, JPL ; Caltech) ; Bonaldi, A. (Manchester U.) ; Bonavera, L. (Oviedo U.) ; Bond, J.R. (Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.) ; Borrill, J. (LBL, Berkeley ; UC, Berkeley ; UC, Berkeley, Space Sci. Dept.) ; Bouchet, F.R. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Bucher, M. (APC, Paris) ; Burigana, C. (IASF, Bologna ; Ferrara U. ; INFN, Bologna) ; Butler, R.C. (IASF, Bologna) ; Calabrese, E. (Oxford U.) ; Cardoso, J.F. (APC, Paris ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Catalano, A. (LPSC, Grenoble ; Paris Observ.) ; Challinor, A. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron. ; Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U., DAMTP) ; Chamballu, A. (AIM, Saclay ; IRFU, SPP, Saclay ; Orsay, IAS) ; Chiang, H.C. (Princeton U. ; KwaZulu Natal U.) ; Christensen, P.R. (Bohr Inst.) ; Church, S. (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.) ; Clements, D.L. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Colombi, S. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Colombo, L.P.L. (Southern California U. ; Caltech, JPL) ; Combet, C. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Couchot, F. (Orsay, LAL) ; Coulais, A. (Paris Observ.) ; Crill, B.P. (Caltech, JPL ; Caltech) ; Curto, A. (Cantabria U., Santander ; Cambridge U. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Cuttaia, F. (IASF, Bologna) ; Danese, L. (INFN, Trieste ; SISSA, Trieste) ; Davies, R.D. (Manchester U.) ; Davis, R.J. (Manchester U.) ; de Bernardis, P. (Rome U.) ; De Rosa, A. (IASF, Bologna) ; De Zotti, G. (Padua Observ. ; INFN, Trieste ; SISSA, Trieste) ; Delabrouille, J. (APC, Paris) ; Désert, F.X. (IPAG) ; Diego, J.M. (Cantabria U., Santander) ; Dole, H. (Orsay, IAS ; IUF, Paris) ; Donzelli, S. (IASF, Milan) ; Doré, O. (Caltech, JPL ; Caltech) ; Douspis, M. (Orsay, IAS) ; Ducout, A. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys. ; Imperial Coll., London) ; Dupac, X. (ESA, Madrid) ; Efstathiou, G. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.) ; Elsner, F. (University Coll. London ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Enßlin, T.A. (Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE) ; Eriksen, H.K. (Inst. Theor. Astrophys., Oslo) ; Feeney, S. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Fergusson, J. (Cambridge U., DAMTP) ; Finelli, F. (IASF, Bologna ; INFN, Bologna) ; Forni, O. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Frailis, M. (Trieste Observ.) ; Fraisse, A.A. (Princeton U.) ; Franceschi, E. (IASF, Bologna) ; Frejsel, A. (Bohr Inst.) ; Galeotta, S. (Trieste Observ.) ; Galli, S. (Chicago U., KICP) ; Ganga, K. (APC, Paris) ; Giard, M. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Giraud-Héraud, Y. (APC, Paris) ; Gjerløw, E. (Inst. Theor. Astrophys., Oslo) ; González-Nuevo, J. (Oviedo U. ; Cantabria U., Santander) ; Górski, K.M. (Caltech, JPL ; Warsaw U. Observ.) ; Gratton, S. (Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.) ; Gregorio, A. (Trieste U. ; Trieste Observ. ; INFN, Trieste) ; Gruppuso, A. (IASF, Bologna ; INFN, Bologna) ; Gudmundsson, J.E. (Stockholm U., OKC ; Nordita ; Princeton U.) ; Hansen, F.K. (Inst. Theor. Astrophys., Oslo) ; Hanson, D. (McGill U. ; Caltech, JPL ; Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.) ; Harrison, D.L. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Henrot-Versillé, S. (Orsay, LAL) ; Hernández-Monteagudo, C. (CEFCA, Teruel ; Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE) ; Herranz, D. (Cantabria U., Santander) ; Hildebrandt, S.R. (Caltech, JPL ; Caltech) ; Hivon, E. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Hobson, M. (Cambridge U.) ; Holmes, W.A. (Caltech, JPL) ; Hornstrup, A. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Hovest, W. (Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE) ; Huffenberger, K.M. (Florida State U.) ; Hurier, G. (Orsay, IAS) ; Jaffe, A.H. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Jaffe, T.R. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Jones, W.C. (Princeton U.) ; Juvela, M. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Keihänen, E. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Keskitalo, R. (LBL, Berkeley ; UC, Berkeley) ; Kisner, T.S. (LBL, Berkeley) ; Knoche, J. (Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE) ; Kunz, M. (Geneva U., Dept. Theor. Phys. ; Orsay, IAS ; African Inst. Math. Sci., Cape Town) ; Kurki-Suonio, H. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Lagache, G. (Marseille, Lab. Astrophys. ; Orsay, IAS) ; Lähteenmäki, A. (Aalto U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Lamarre, J.M. (Paris Observ.) ; Lasenby, A. (Cambridge U. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Lattanzi, M. (Ferrara U. ; INFN, Ferrara) ; Lawrence, C.R. (Caltech, JPL) ; Leonardi, R. (Unlisted, BR) ; Lesgourgues, J. (Aachen, Tech. Hochsch. ; CERN) ; Levrier, F. (Paris Observ.) ; Liguori, M. (Padua U. ; INFN, Padua) ; Lilje, P.B. (Inst. Theor. Astrophys., Oslo) ; Linden-Vørnle, M. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; López-Caniego, M. (ESA, Madrid) ; Lubin, P.M. (UC, Santa Barbara) ; Macías-Pérez, J.F. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Maggio, G. (Trieste Observ.) ; Maino, D. (Milan U. ; IASF, Milan) ; Mandolesi, N. (IASF, Bologna ; Ferrara U.) ; Mangilli, A. (Orsay, IAS ; Orsay, LAL) ; Maris, M. (Trieste Observ.) ; Martin, P.G. (Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.) ; Martínez-González, E. (Cantabria U., Santander) ; Masi, S. (Rome U.) ; Matarrese, S. (Padua U. ; INFN, Padua ; GSSI, Aquila) ; McEwen, J.D. (Mullard Space Sci. Lab.) ; McGehee, P. (Caltech, IPAC) ; Meinhold, P.R. (UC, Santa Barbara) ; Melchiorri, A. (Rome U. ; INFN, Rome) ; Mendes, L. (ESA, Madrid) ; Mennella, A. (Milan U. ; IASF, Milan) ; Migliaccio, M. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Mitra, S. (IUCAA, Pune ; Caltech, JPL) ; Miville-Deschênes, M.A. (Orsay, IAS ; Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.) ; Moneti, A. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Montier, L. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Morgante, G. (IASF, Bologna) ; Mortlock, D. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Moss, A. (Nottingham U.) ; Munshi, D. (Cardiff U.) ; Murphy, J.A. (NUIM, Maynooth) ; Naselsky, P. (Bohr Inst.) ; Nati, F. (Princeton U.) ; Natoli, P. (Ferrara U. ; ASDC, Frascati ; INFN, Ferrara) ; Netterfield, C.B. (Toronto U., Astron. Dept.) ; Nørgaard-Nielsen, H.U. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Noviello, F. (Manchester U.) ; Novikov, D. (Lebedev Inst.) ; Novikov, I. (Bohr Inst. ; Lebedev Inst.) ; Oxborrow, C.A. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Paci, F. (INFN, Trieste ; SISSA, Trieste) ; Pagano, L. (Rome U. ; INFN, Rome) ; Pajot, F. (Orsay, IAS) ; Paoletti, D. (IASF, Bologna ; INFN, Bologna) ; Pasian, F. (Trieste Observ.) ; Patanchon, G. (APC, Paris) ; Peiris, H.V. (University Coll. London) ; Perdereau, O. (Orsay, LAL) ; Perotto, L. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Perrotta, F. (INFN, Trieste ; SISSA, Trieste) ; Pettorino, V. (U. Heidelberg, ITP) ; Piacentini, F. (Rome U.) ; Piat, M. (APC, Paris) ; Pierpaoli, E. (Southern California U.) ; Pietrobon, D. (Caltech, JPL) ; Plaszczynski, S. (Orsay, LAL) ; Pogosyan, D. (Alberta U.) ; Pointecouteau, E. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Polenta, G. (ASDC, Frascati ; Rome Observ.) ; Popa, L. (Bucharest, Inst. Space Science) ; Pratt, G.W. (AIM, Saclay) ; Prézeau, G. (Caltech ; Caltech, JPL) ; Prunet, S. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Puget, J.L. (Orsay, IAS) ; Rachen, J.P. (Nijmegen U., IMAPP ; Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE) ; Rebolo, R. (IAC, La Laguna ; CSIC, Madrid ; Laguna U., Tenerife) ; Reinecke, M. (Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE) ; Remazeilles, M. (Manchester U. ; Orsay, IAS ; APC, Paris) ; Renault, C. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Renzi, A. (Rome U., Tor Vergata ; INFN, Rome) ; Ristorcelli, I. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Rocha, G. (Caltech, JPL ; Caltech) ; Rosset, C. (APC, Paris) ; Rossetti, M. (Milan U. ; IASF, Milan) ; Roudier, G. (APC, Paris ; Paris Observ. ; Caltech, JPL) ; Rowan-Robinson, M. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Rubiño-Martín, J.A. (IAC, La Laguna ; Laguna U., Tenerife) ; Rusholme, B. (Caltech, IPAC) ; Sandri, M. (IASF, Bologna) ; Santos, D. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Savelainen, M. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Savini, G. (University Coll. London) ; Scott, D. (British Columbia U.) ; Seiffert, M.D. (Caltech, JPL ; Caltech) ; Shellard, E.P.S. (Cambridge U., DAMTP) ; Spencer, L.D. (Cardiff U.) ; Stolyarov, V. (Cambridge U. ; Stavropol, Astrophys. Observ. ; Kazan State U.) ; Stompor, R. (APC, Paris) ; Sudiwala, R. (Cardiff U.) ; Sutton, D. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Suur-Uski, A.S. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Sygnet, J.F. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Tauber, J.A. (ESTEC, Noordwijk) ; Terenzi, L. (Florence U. ; IASF, Bologna) ; Toffolatti, L. (Oviedo U. ; Cantabria U., Santander ; IASF, Bologna) ; Tomasi, M. (Milan U. ; IASF, Milan) ; Tristram, M. (Orsay, LAL) ; Tucci, M. (Geneva U., Dept. Theor. Phys.) ; Tuovinen, J. (Trinity Coll., Dublin) ; Valenziano, L. (IASF, Bologna) ; Valiviita, J. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Tent, F. Van (Orsay, LPT) ; Vielva, P. (Cantabria U., Santander) ; Villa, F. (IASF, Bologna) ; Wade, L.A. (Caltech, JPL) ; Wandelt, B.D. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys. ; Illinois U., Urbana (main)) ; Wehus, I.K. (Caltech, JPL ; Inst. Theor. Astrophys., Oslo) ; Yvon, D. (IRFU, SPP, Saclay) ; Zacchei, A. (Trieste Observ.) ; Zonca, A. (UC, Santa Barbara)

Publication 2016-09-20
Imprint 05 Feb 2015
Number of pages 21
Note Comments: 21 Pages, 19 Figures
This paper is one of a set associated with the 2015 data release from Planck (see http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/planck/publications). 22 Pages, 19 Figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
In: Astron. Astrophys. 594 (2016) A18
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/201525829
Subject category Astrophysics and Astronomy
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment PLANCK
Abstract Full-sky CMB maps from the 2015 Planck release allow us to detect departures from global isotropy on the largest scales. We present the first searches using CMB polarization for correlations induced by a non-trivial topology with a fundamental domain intersecting, or nearly intersecting, the last scattering surface (at comoving distance $\chi_{rec}$). We specialize to flat spaces with toroidal and slab topologies, finding that explicit searches for the latter are sensitive to other topologies with antipodal symmetry. These searches yield no detection of a compact topology at a scale below the diameter of the last scattering surface. The limits on the radius $R_i$ of the largest sphere inscribed in the topological domain (at log-likelihood-ratio $\Delta\ln{L}>-5$ relative to a simply-connected flat Planck best-fit model) are $R_i>0.97\chi_{rec}$ for the cubic torus and $R_i>0.56\chi_{rec}$ for the slab. The limit for the cubic torus from the matched-circles search is numerically equivalent, $R_i>0.97\chi_{rec}$ (99% CL) from polarisation data alone. We also perform a Bayesian search for a Bianchi VII$_h$ geometry. In the non-physical setting where the Bianchi cosmology is decoupled from the standard cosmology, Planck temperature data favour the inclusion of a Bianchi component. However, the cosmological parameters generating this pattern are in strong disagreement with those found from CMB anisotropy data alone. Fitting the induced polarization pattern for this model to Planck data requires an amplitude of $-0.1\pm0.04$ compared to +1 if the model were to be correct. In the physical setting where the Bianchi parameters are fit simultaneously with the standard cosmological parameters, we find no evidence for a Bianchi VII$_h$ cosmology and constrain the vorticity of such models to $(\omega/H)_0<7.6\times10^{-10}$ (95% CL). [Abridged]
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