Jesse L. Jackson, Jr.
Jesse Louis Jackson, Jr. (b. March 11, 1965, in Greenville, SC) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives. Jackson was elected by voters from Illinois' 2nd Congressional District. Jackson won against Brian Woodworth and Marcus Lewis in the November 2012 election.[1] Jackson defeated challenger Debbie Halvorson in the Democratic primary on March 20, 2012.[2]
On November 21, 2012, Jackson resigned his seat effective immediately. A special election was held to fill his seat. He was succeeded by Robin Kelly (D)[3]
The Justice Department filed fraud and conspiracy charges against Jackson on February 15, 2013, saying that he used about $750,000 in campaign money for personal expenses.[4]
On August 14, 2013, U.S. District Court Judge Amy Berman Jackson sentenced Jackson to 30 months in prison, following his guilty plea that he engaged in a scheme to spend $750,000 in campaign funds on personal items.[5][6][7]
Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Jackson was a "far-left Democrat."[8]
Biography
Jackson was born on March 11, 1965, in Greenville, South Carolina. Jackson graduated magna cum laude from North Carolina A & T State University in Greensboro, North Carolina, in 1987, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in business management. Three years later, he earned a Master of Arts degree in theology from the Chicago Theological Seminary, and in 1993, received his Juris Doctor degree from the University of Illinois College of Law.[9]
Career
- 1995-2013: United States House of Representatives, Illinois' 2nd Congressional District
- National Field Director, National Rainbow Coalition[9]
Committee assignments
U.S. House
2011-2012
Jackson served on the following committees:[9]
- Appropriations Committee
- Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education
- Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Vice Chair
- Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration
Issues
Political positions
2012
On his campaign website, Jackson has 5 leading issues that he is concerned about. In comparison, Debbie Halvorson, his Democratic Primary opponent, lists 8 issues. Jackson listed the following issues:[10]
| Economy
Excerpt: "In the 2nd Congressional District, the biggest issue is jobs. That's why Congressman Jackson has been fighting to build a third airport in the south suburbs, which would bring jobs and economic development to the Southland." |
Leading issue for opponent Debbie Halvorson:
| Health care
Excerpt: "Congressman Jackson supported the bill, and believes it should be implemented as passed, so that the promise of health care reform can be fully realized. He also believes that a public option should be considered in the future, and supported such a provision when it was debated in Congress." |
Leading issue for opponent Debbie Halvorson:
| Education
Excerpt: "Education is the key to improving the quality of life for millions of Americans who grow up in communities such as the South Side and south suburbs, where economic opportunity is scarce. Congressman Jackson believes that both additional resources and accountability are necessary, so that schools that have been failing can begin to meet higher standards. In addition, Congressman Jackson has proposed a constitutional amendment that would guarantee the right to an education of equal high quality to all Americans." |
Leading issue for opponent Debbie Halvorson:
| Energy and environment
Excerpt: "Climate change is a real threat to all Americans and to people across the globe. As temperatures rise, lives and livelihoods are at risk. Simply put, we absolutely must reduce our carbon emissions as quickly as possible, and we must convince our counterparts around the globe to do so as well. Congressman Jackson supports a national cap-and-trade system to put a price on carbon." |
Leading issue for opponent Debbie Halvorson:
| International affairs
Excerpt: "In Afghanistan, we must continue to build the government's capacity to effectively govern and secure the country, leading towards the responsible withdrawal of U.S. troops. We must ensure that when we leave, the Taliban and Al Qaeda are unable to return to power and safe harbor there. In the Middle East, Congressman Jackson has been a vocal leader in protecting the security of Israel. In March of 2010, he joined his Republican colleague, Mike Pence of Indiana, in drafting a letter to President Obama that encourages crippling sanctions on Iran in order to prevent them from acquiring nuclear weapons." |
Leading issue for opponent Debbie Halvorson:
Endorsements
2012
The following are endorsements from notable persons and organizations:
| Endorsed by | Statement |
|---|---|
| Nancy Pelosi | "He may be junior in terms of his title in the family, but he is very senior in the amount of respect he commands in the Congress of the United States."[11] |
| Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel | In a statement, the Chicago mayor called Jackson, Jr. a "progressive fighter."[12] |
| Illinois Gov. Pat Quinn | "Time and again, Congressman Jackson has delivered for the residents of the 2nd District in Illinois. Congressman Jackson deserves to go back to Washington, D.C.and help President Obama continue to fight for jobs, economic recovery and everyday Americans."[13] |
Campaign tactics and controversies
- In early-October 2011, campaign-related emails were sent by Jackson's staff members in response to campaign statements made by Democratic Primary opponent Debbie Halvorson. The emails, according to reports, were sent from the staff members' government accounts after requests by the media. Allegedly, this violated U.S. House rules that prohibit using government email accounts for campaign or political purposes. According to the House rules maual: "[T]he use of one‘s office desktop computer (including one‘s mail.house.gov e-mail address) to send or receive such communications continues to be prohibited." However, Jackson's spokesperson Kitty Kurth claimed that those emails can be categorized as appropriate because of an exemption allowing press secretaries to "answer occasional questions on political matters."[14]
- Jesse Jackson, Jr. stated during his campaign for re-election that he plans on introducing legislation that would turn the Historic Pullman District in Chicago, Illinois into a national park. The Chicago neighborhood is the first planned industrial community in the United States. The potential proposal would allow for a one-to-three year feasibility study to determine if designating the park at certain locations would work. If so, a proposal to Congress would be made to pass a measure to designate it as a national park.[15]
- Jackson stated that his Democratic Primary opponent, Debbie Halvorson has not supported President Barack Obama as much as he has. He pointed out that Halvorson voted against the president 88 times while in Congress.[16]
Polls
2012 Election
- A poll released by the Halvorson campaign in January 2012 showed the following results between Democratic Primary opponents Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. and Debbie Halvorson.[17]
- A second poll was released at the same time, by Lake Research Partners, showing similar results to the previous one.[17]
- Neither polls released a margin of error, therefore, the chart shows zero until those numbers are obtained.
- Lake Research Partners released another poll on March 13, showing Jackson with a considerable lead over Halvorson.[18]
| Illinois' Congressional District 2 General election, 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Jesse Jackson Jr. (D) | Brian Woodworth (R) | Marcus Lucas (I) | Margin of Error | Sample Size | ||||||||||||||
| We Ask America (October 21, 2012) | 58% | 27% | 15% | +/-3.5 | 819 | ||||||||||||||
| Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org | |||||||||||||||||||
| Illinois' Congressional District 2 Primary election, 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Jesse Jackson Jr. (D) | Debbie Halvorson (D) | Undecided | Margin of error | Sample size | ||||||||||||||
| Lake Research Partners (March 8-11, 2012) | 59% | 23% | 18% | +/-4.9 | 496 | ||||||||||||||
| Lake Research Partners (January, 2012) | 44% | 30% | 26% | +/-0 | 496 | ||||||||||||||
| Debbie Halvorson campaign (dead link) (January 10-12, 2012) | 48% | 35% | 17% | +/-0 | 400 | ||||||||||||||
| AVERAGES | 50.33% | 29.33% | 20.33% | +/-1.63 | 464 | ||||||||||||||
| Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org. | |||||||||||||||||||
Elections
2012
Jackson ran in the 2012 election for the U.S. House to represent Illinois' 2nd District.
Jackson defeated challenger Debbie Halvorson in the Democratic primary on March 20, 2012.[2] In the Republican primary, Brian Woodworth defeated candidate James H. Taylor, Sr..[2] Jackson defeated Woodworth in the general election on November 6, 2012.
An October 2012 article in The Daily named Jackson one of the 20 worst candidates in 2012.[19]
Jackson resigned on November 21, 2012 amid health issues and federal investigations. He is quoted in his resignation letter as saying he's "doing my best to address the situation responsibly, cooperate with the investigators, and accept responsibility for my mistakes, for they are my mistakes and mine alone.” A special election was held to fill his vacated seat.[20]
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic |  Jesse Jackson Jr. Incumbent |
63.3% | 188,303 | |
| Republican | Brian Woodworth | 23.2% | 69,115 | |
| Independent | Marcus Lewis | 13.5% | 40,006 | |
| Total Votes | 297,424 | |||
| Source: Illinois Board of Elections "2012 General Election Official Vote Totals" | ||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes |
|---|---|---|
|
Jesse Jackson, Jr. Incumbent |
71.2% | 56,109 |
| Deborah Halvorson | 28.8% | 22,672 |
| Total Votes | 78,781 | |
Full history
To view the full congressional electoral history for Jesse L. Jackson, Jr., click [show] to expand the section. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2010 On November 2, 2010, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Isaac C. Hayes (R) and Anthony W. Williams (Green) in the general election.[21]
2008 On November 4, 2008, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Anthony W. Williams (R) and Nathan Peoples (Green) in the general election.[22]
2006 On November 7, 2006, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Robert Belin (R) and Anthony W. Williams (Libertarian) in the general election.[23]
2004 On November 2, 2004, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Stephanie Sailor (Libertarian) in the general election.[24]
2002 On November 5, 2002, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Doug Nelson (R) in the general election.[25]
2000 On November 7, 2000, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Robert Gordon III (R) in the general election.[26]
1998 On November 3, 1998, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Robert Gordon III (R) and Matthew Joseph Beauchamp (Libertarian) in the general election.[27]
1996 On November 5, 1996, Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Frank H. Stratman (Libertarian) in the general election.[28]
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Campaign finance summary
Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.
Personal Gain Index
- See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)
- See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)
The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:
PGI: Change in net worth
2011
Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Jackson's net worth as of 2011 was estimated between $114,017 and $486,000. That averages to $300,008, which is lower than the average net worth of Democratic representatives in 2011 of $5,107,874. His average calculated net worth[29] increased by 8.50% from 2010.[30]
2010
Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Jackson's net worth as of 2010 was estimated between $111,015 and $442,000. That averages to $276,507.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Democratic representatives in 2010 of $4,465,875.[31]
Analysis
Ideology and leadership
Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Jackson was a far-left Democrat as of June 16, 2013.[32]
Congressional staff salaries
The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Jackson paid his congressional staff a total of $841,038 in 2011. He ranked 12th on the list of the lowest paid Democratic representative staff salaries and ranked 87th overall of the lowest paid representative staff salaries in 2011. Overall, Illinois ranked 46th in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.[33]
National Journal vote ratings
2011
- See also: National Journal vote ratings
Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Jackson ranked 1st in the liberal rankings in 2011.[34]
Personal
Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Jackson resides in Chicago, Illinois, with his wife Sandi, Chicago's 7th Ward Alderman, daughter Jessica Donatella, and son Jesse L. Jackson, III.[9]
Noteworthy events
Illness (2012)
On June 26, 2012, Jackson's office released a statement about Jackson's absence since June 10, 2012.[35] According to the statement, Jackson was on medical leave from Congress and was being treated for exhaustion.[36][35] Following that, Senator Dick Durbin called on Jackson to release further details on his condition.[37] Durbin stated at a Chicago press conference on July 9, "As a public official, there comes a point when you have a responsibility to tell the public what's going on...Mr. Jackson will soon have to make a report on the physical condition he's struggling with."[37]
During his reported treated for bipolar depression, Jackson missed a number of votes. In 2012, he missed 178 roll-call votes, 32 percent of the total number. It was not known when he planned to return to office.[38]
Reportedly due to his illness, Jackson was not visible during the 2012 campaign for district representative. Some observers stated that it was likely Jackson would still win the district. Brian Woodworth and Marcus Lewis said they were hopeful that they could garner support from his absence. According to an analysis published in The New York Times, Jackson's district underwent changes as part of redistricting. Although there were fewer African Americans in the district, that was not expected to be an issue in the 2012 election. Campaign advisers for Jackson stated that he would appear in public again as soon as it was okay with Jackson's doctor. Some residents of the district gave their support to Jackson and said they sympathize with his illness.[39]
Finance probe (2012)
The FBI first initiated a probe in 2012 regarding allegedly suspicious activities involving Jackson's finances related to his seat in the 2nd Congressional District, including possible inappropriate expenditures. This investigation, coupled with Jackson's continued absence from campaigning, reportedly caused rumors to fly with no answers being given by staff.[40] According to news accounts, Jackson entered a plea deal with the Justice Department which then led him to resign from his congressional seat and he plead guilty to charges of misusing campaign funds. Jackson was also required to pay back any campaign money which was used for personal use. A special election was held for Jackson's seat after he resigned.[41][42]
Fraud and conspiracy charges (2013)
The Justice Department filed fraud and conspiracy charges on February 15, 2013, against Jackson, saying that he used about $750,000 in campaign money for personal expenses.[4] He agreed to plead guilty to the charges.[4][42] Jackson’s wife, Sandra Stevens, was also charged with one count of filing false tax returns. According to documents relating to the charges, Jackson used the campaign money to buy memorabilia related to Bruce Lee, the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Jimi Hendrix, a mink parka, and a Michael Jackson fedora and cashmere capes.[4]
Federal prosecutors pushed for a four-year prison sentence for Jackson after he pleaded guilty in February 2013.[42] Under the recommendations from the prosecutors he would also have been forced to forfeit the $750,000 he allegedly stole from his campaign and pay back another $750,000 to his re-election committee, which would be taken over and run by a non-family member.[42]
Sentenced to prison (2013)
On August 14, 2013, U.S. District Court Judge Amy Berman Jackson sentenced Jackson to 30 months in prison, following his guilty plea that he engaged in a scheme to spend $750,000 in campaign funds on personal items.[5][43][7]
Jackson and his wife, Sandra Stevens Jackson, pleaded guilty in February 2013 to using about $750,000 in campaign funds to pay for high-end items.[7]
“I misled the American people, I misled the House of Representatives. I was wrong and I do not fault anyone,” Jackson told Judge Amy Berman Jackson at the sentencing.[7]
Judge Amy Berman Jackson said that as a public official, Jackson was supposed to live up to a higher standard.[5] His wife, who also plead guilty to the charges, was sentenced to 12 months.[44][44]
Reported to prison
Jackson reported to Butner Correctional Center on October 29, 2013, to serve a 30 month prison sentence in the minimum security facility.[45]
Auction halted after authenticity comes into question (2013)
In September 2013, U.S. Marshals canceled an auction of forfeited assets to regain part of the $750,000 in campaign funds Jackson and his wife reportedly spent illegally on memorabilia, furs, vacations and other personal items. It was canceled "out of an abundance of caution" because of questions about a guitar supposedly signed by Michael Jackson and Eddie Van Halen, which prosecutors say Jackson bought with campaign money for $4,000.[46]
Recent news
This section links to a Google news search for the term Jesse + Jackson + Illinois + House
See also
- Illinois' 2nd Congressional District
- Illinois' 2nd Congressional District elections, 2012
- United States House of Representatives
- Misconduct in the 113th Congress (2013-2014)
External links
- Social media:
- Biographies:
- Political profiles:
- Financial (federal level):
- Financial (state level):
- Interest group ratings:
- Issue positions:
- Public statements:
- Voting record:
- Media appearances:
- Media coverage:
Footnotes
- ↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map, Illinois"
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 ABC News 7, "Election Results Primary 2012," accessed March 20, 2012 (dead link)
- ↑ Politico, "Jesse Jackson Jr. resigns from Congress" accessed November 21, 2012
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 New York Times, "Jesse Jackson Jr. Charged in Misuse of Campaign Money" accessed February 15, 2013
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 ABC News, "Prison for Former Ill. Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr.," accessed August 14, 2013
- ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Judge sentences Jesse Jackson Jr. to 30 months in prison," accessed August 14, 2013
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Washington Post, "Jesse L. Jackson Jr. sentenced to 30 months in prison," accessed August 14, 2013
- ↑ GovTrack, "Jackson" accessed May 18, 2012
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Jesse L. Jackson, Jr Representing Illinois' 2nd Congressional District, "About" accessed October 30, 2011
- ↑ Jesse Jackson, Jr., Congressman, Second Congressional District of Illinois, "Issues" accessed February 8, 2012
- ↑ WGN TV.com, "Nancy Pelosi throws her support behind Jesse Jackson Jr.," March 3, 2012 (dead link)
- ↑ PJ Star, "Mayor Rahm Emanuel Backs Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. for District 2 Congressman," March 6, 2012
- ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Quinn backs Jackson, but not in person," March 11, 2012
- ↑ WBEZ.org, "Jackson's staff sends handful of campaign-related emails from congressional addresses," February 14, 2012
- ↑ Chicagoist.com, "Jesse Jackson, Jr. Says Pullman Should Be A National Historic site," accessed February 16, 2012
- ↑ CBS Chicago, "Halvorson voted against the president 88 times while in Congress," February 20, 2012
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Sun Times, "Jackson and Halvorson release competing polls in congressional race," January 18, 2012
- ↑ NBC Chicago, "Poll: Jackson Leads Halvorson 59-23," March 13, 2012
- ↑ The Daily, "The worst candidates of 2012," accessed October 29, 2012
- ↑ Politico, "Jesse Jackson Jr. resigns from Congress" accessed November 21, 2012
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Jackson (D-Ill), 2011"
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Jackson, (D-Illinois), 2010"
- ↑ GovTrack, "Jesse L. Jackson, Jr.," accessed June 16, 2013
- ↑ LegiStorm, "Jesse Jackson Jr."
- ↑ National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 Chicago Tribune, "Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. on medical leave, exhaustion cited" accessed July 10, 2012
- ↑ Chicago Business, "Rep. Jackson says medical condition 'more serious' than first thought" accessed July 10, 2012
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 Chicago Business, "Durbin says Jackson must talk 'soon' about health woes" accessed July 10, 2012
- ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Return uncertain for 2 Illinois members of Congress," September 10, 2012
- ↑ The New York Times, "In Illinois, Jackson Runs Unseen," October 2, 2012
- ↑ Chicago Sun-Times, "Feds probe ‘suspicious activity’ in Jesse Jackson Jr.’s finances: sources," October 12, 2012
- ↑ CBS Chicago, "Former U.S. Prosecutor Negotiating Plea Deal For Jackson Jr.," November 9, 2012
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 Politico, "Feds: 4 years in prison for ex-Rep. Jackson Jr." accessed June 7, 2013
- ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Judge sentences Jesse Jackson Jr. to 30 months in prison," accessed August 14, 2013
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 ABC News, "Jesse Jackson Jr. sentenced to 30 mos. in prison; Sandi Jackson gets 1 year," accessed August 16, 2013
- ↑ WRAL, "Ex-congressman reports to North Carolina prison," accessed October 29, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Marshals Service News Release, "US Marshals Service Cancels Current Auction of Jesse Jackson, Jr., Assets," accessed November 9, 2015
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Mel Reynolds |
U.S. House of Representatives - Illinois, District 2 1995–November 21, 2012 |
Succeeded by ' |
