美國-墨西哥-加拿大協定：修订间差异
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*{{flag|United States}}|date_effective=2020年7月1日|condition_effective=签署国互相通知所有国内程序均已完成的3个月后|condition=已生效|original_signatories=|parties=|ratifiers=|depositor=|languages={{hlist|[[英語]]|[[西班牙語]]|[[法語]]}}|wikisource=|date_expiration=正式生效後16年（可延長）}}
'''美利堅合眾國-墨西哥合眾國和加拿大之間的協定'''<ref name="finaltext">{{cite web|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2019-12-13|title=Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada 12/13/19 Text|url=https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/united-states-mexico-canada-agreement/agreement-between|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608202200/https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/united-states-mexico-canada-agreement/agreement-between|archive-date=2020-06-08|access-date=2023-05-16|website=ustr.gov|publisher=[[美國貿易代表處]]|language=en-us}}</ref>（{{Lang-en|Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada}}）簡稱'''美國-墨西哥-加拿大協定'''（通稱《'''美墨加協議'''》）是[[加拿大]]、[[墨西哥]]和[[美国]]之间的一项自由贸易协定<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/cartera/economia/t-mec-es-el-nombre-con-el-que-se-conocera-al-nuevo-acuerdo-comercial|title=T-MEC es el nombre con el que se conocerá al nuevo acuerdo comercial|accessdate=2018-10-19|date=2018-10-17|language=es|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813093354/https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/cartera/economia/t-mec-es-el-nombre-con-el-que-se-conocera-al-nuevo-acuerdo-comercial}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/economia/amlo-gana-y-se-queda-t-mec-como-nombre-para-acuerdo-comercial|title=AMLO gana y se queda T-MEC como nombre para acuerdo comercial trilateral|accessdate=2018-10-19|language=es|archive-date=2020-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109040504/https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/economia/amlo-gana-y-se-queda-t-mec-como-nombre-para-acuerdo-comercial}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/cusma-aceum/index.aspx?lang=fra|title=L'Accord Canada–États-Unis–Mexique (ACEUM)|accessdate=2018-11-30|language=fr|archive-date=2020-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116225319/https://www.international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/cusma-aceum/index.aspx?lang=fra}}</ref>，亦稱「北美自由贸易協議2.0」（NAFTA 2.0、New NAFTA），以便区分其前身《[[北美自由贸易协议|北美自由贸易協議]]》<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/auto-impact-usmca-wednesday-1.4848589|title=Auto industry relieved by NAFTA 2.0, but results may be mixed|last=McGregor|first=Janyce|date=2018-10-04|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|accessdate=2018-10-07|quote=There would be no "Carmageddon" caused by auto tariffs torpedoing cross-border trade, now that NAFTA 2.0 had found a safe landing zone.|archive-date=2021-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421144850/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/auto-impact-usmca-wednesday-1.4848589}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2018/10/02/sierra-club-nafta-2-0-remains-hazardous-our-health-editorials-debates/1503510002/|title=NAFTA 2.0 remains hazardous to our health|last=Brune|first=Michael|date=2018-10-02|publisher=[[USA Today]]|accessdate=2018-10-08|archive-date=2021-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226112345/https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2018/10/02/sierra-club-nafta-2-0-remains-hazardous-our-health-editorials-debates/1503510002/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/02/us/politics/usmca-nafta-name-acronym.html|title=What’s in a Name Change? For Those Saying U.S.M.C.A., a Mouthful|accessdate=2018-10-08|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120135544/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/02/us/politics/usmca-nafta-name-acronym.html}}</ref>。这是北美自由贸易协定成员国在2017-2018年重新谈判的结果。2018年9月30日，美墨加三國非正式同意条款，并于10月1日正式同意条款<ref name=se>{{Cite news|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4500068/nafta-2018-agreement-finalized/|title=NAFTA deal reached: Canada, U.S., Mexico reach trade agreement under new name|last=Dangerfield|first=Katie|date=2018-08-30|work=[[Global News]]|accessdate=2018-10-01|archive-date=2020-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126032730/https://globalnews.ca/news/4500068/nafta-2018-agreement-finalized/}}</ref>。[[2018年二十國集團布宜諾斯艾利斯峰會]]舉行期間，[[美国总统]][[唐纳德·特朗普]]、[[墨西哥总统]][[培尼亚·涅托]]和[[加拿大总理]][[賈斯汀·杜魯多]]在11月30日签署了《美墨加協定》。2019年12月11日，美国、墨西哥和加拿大代表签署修订版協定<ref name=de>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dw.com/zh/%E7%BE%8E%E5%A2%A8%E5%8A%A0%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%8F%E7%AD%BE%E7%BD%B2%E6%96%B0%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A/a-51616294 |title=美墨加正式签署新贸易协定 |access-date=2019-12-11 |archive-date=2019-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211110751/https://www.dw.com/zh/%E7%BE%8E%E5%A2%A8%E5%8A%A0%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%8F%E7%AD%BE%E7%BD%B2%E6%96%B0%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A/a-51616294 }}</ref>。该协议于2020年7月1日生效。<ref>{{cite web | title=New North American trade pact to take effect July 1: USTR | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trade-usmca/new-north-american-trade-pact-to-take-effect-july-1-ustr-idUSKCN2263H0 | date=2020-04-24 | work=[[Reuters]] | accessdate=2020-04-26 | archive-date=2020-11-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126022452/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trade-usmca/new-north-american-trade-pact-to-take-effect-july-1-ustr-idUSKCN2263H0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last1=Rodriguez | first1=Sabrina | title=North American trade deal to take effect on July 1 | url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/24/north-american-trade-deal-to-take-effect-on-july-1-207402 | date=2020-04-24 | work=[[Politico]] | accessdate=2020-04-26 | archive-date=2020-11-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126020516/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/24/north-american-trade-deal-to-take-effect-on-july-1-207402 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=U.S. seals the deal on USMCA, says trade agreement can now take effect July 1 | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/usmca-trade-into-effect-july-one-1.5544883 | date=2020-04-24 | work=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] | accessdate=2020-04-26 | archive-date=2020-11-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126024522/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/usmca-trade-into-effect-july-one-1.5544883 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=New North American trade deal to come into effect in July | url=https://p.dw.com/p/3bO6o | date=2020-04-25 | work=[[Deutsche Welle]] | accessdate=2020-04-26 | archive-date=2020-11-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126022634/https://www.dw.com/en/new-north-american-trade-deal-to-come-into-effect-in-july/a-53239822 }}</ref>
相比《北美自由贸易协定》，《美墨加協定》给予美国更多機會进入總值190億美元的[[加拿大]]乳制品市场，同時鼓励国内生产更多的[[汽车]]和卡车，增加环境和劳工法规，并引入最新的[[知识财产]]措施。
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