Siu-kái Virginia

Lí bô teng-ji̍p. Lí ê IP chū-chí ē kì tī pún ia̍h ê pian-chi̍p le̍k-sú lāi-bīn.

Pian-chi̍p í-keng chhú-siau. Chhiáⁿ khak-tēng, liáu-āu kā ē-kha ho̍k-goân ê kái-piàn pó-chûn--khí-lâi.

{{Infobox U.S. state
|Fullname = Virginia Kiōng-êng-kok ''Commonwealth of Virginia''
|Flag = Flag of Virginia.svg
|Name = Virginia
|FlagAlt = Navy blue flag with the circular Seal of Virginia centered on it.
|Seal = Seal of Virginia.svg
|SealAlt = A circular seal with the words "Virginia" on the top and "Sic Semper Tyrannis" on the bottom. In the center, a woman wearing a blue toga and Athenian helmet stands on the chest of dead man wearing a purple breastplate and skirt. The woman holds a spear and sheathed sword. The man holds a broken chain while his crown lies away from the figures. Orange leaves encircle the seal.
|Flaglink = [[Flag of Virginia|Chiu-kî]]
|Seallink = [[Seal of Virginia|Chiu-chiong]]
|Nickname = "Old Dominion", "Mother of Presidents and the Mother of Statesmen"
|Motto = {{nowrap|{{lang|la|[[Sic semper tyrannis]]}}}} {{nowrap|(English: Thus Always to Tyrants)}}<ref name=factpack>{{cite web|url=http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |title=Factpack |publisher=[[Virginia General Assembly]] |date=January 11, 2007 |accessdate=October 14, 2008 |format=PDF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028193205/http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |archivedate=October 28, 2008 |df= }}</ref>
|Map = Virginia in United States.svg
|MapAlt = Virginia is located on the Atlantic coast along the line that divides the northern and southern halves of the United States. It runs mostly east to west. It includes a small peninsula across a bay which is discontinuous with the rest of the state.
|OfficialLang = Eng-gí
|Languages = Eng-gí 85.87%, Se-pan-gâ-gí 6.41% Kî-tha 7.72%
|Demonym = Virginian
|LargestCity = [[Virginia Beach, Virginia|Virginia Beach]]
|Capital = [[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]]
|LargestMetro = [[Washington tō͘-chhī-khu]]
|AreaRank = tē-35
|TotalAreaUS = 42,774.2
|TotalArea = 110,785.67
|WidthUS = 200
|Width = 320
|LengthUS = 430
|Length = 690
|PCWater = 7.4
|Latitude = 36°&nbsp;32′&nbsp;N to 39°&nbsp;28′&nbsp;N
|Longitude = 75°&nbsp;15′&nbsp;W to 83°&nbsp;41′&nbsp;W
|PopRank = tē-12
|2010Pop = 8,411,808 (2016 est.)<ref name=PopHousingEst>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates |date=June 22, 2017 |accessdate=June 22, 2017|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $61,486<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|work=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=December 9, 2016}}</ref>
|2000DensityUS = 206.7
|2000Density = 79.8
|DensityRank = tē-14
|IncomeRank = tē-14
|HighestPoint = [[Mount Rogers]]<ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |accessdate=October 24, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102003514/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archivedate=November 2, 2011 }}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjusted to [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]].</ref>
|HighestElevUS = 5,729
|HighestElev = 1746
|MeanElevUS = 950
|MeanElev = 290
|LowestPoint = [[Tāi-se-iûⁿ]]<ref name=USGS/>
|LowestElev = 0
|LowestElevUS = 0
|Former = Virginia Si̍t-bîn-tē
|AdmittanceDate = 1788 nî 6 goe̍h 25
|AdmittanceOrder = 10th
|Governor = [[Ralph Northam]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
|Lieutenant Governor = [[Justin Fairfax]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
|Legislature = [[Virginia General Assembly|Gī-hōe]]
|Upperhouse = [[Senate of Virginia|Chham-gī-hōe]]
|Lowerhouse = [[Virginia House of Delegates|Chiòng-gī-hōe]]
|Senators = [[Mark Warner]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) [[Tim Kaine]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
|Representative = 7-ê Kiōng-hô-thóng, 4-ê Bîn-chú-thóng
|TimeZone = [[Eastern Time Zone (North America)|Eastern]]: [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] [[Eastern Time Zone|−5]]/[[Eastern Daylight Time|−4]]
|ISOCode = US-VA
|PostalAbbreviation = VA
|TradAbbreviation = Va.
|Website = www.virginia.gov
|LargestCounty = [[Fairfax Kūn (Virginia)|Fairfax Kūn]]
|ElectoralVotes = 13
|SecededDate = 1861 nî 4 goe̍h 17
|ReadmittanceDate = 1870 nî 1 goe̍h 26
}}
'''Virginia''' sī [[Bí-kok]] ê chi̍t-ê [[Chiu (Bí-kok)|chiu]]. [[Bí-kok kok-chiu siú-hú ê lia̍t-toaⁿ|Siú-hú]] sī [[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]]. Siāng toā ê siâⁿ-chhī sī [[Virginia Beach]].

== Le̍k-sú ==
Ū khó-kó͘ gián-kiù hoat-àn [[Pocahontas Island]] (chi̍t-ê poàn-tó tē-hng) tī Chêng 6500 chiō ū lâng khiā-khí.

Tong Eng-lân khún-hō͘ tī 1607 nî tú lâi-kàu [[Jamestown]] ê sî, tī Virgina [[chúi-chhiâng-sòaⁿ]] (''fall line'', chi̍t khoán tē-lí hun-kài) tang-pêng tōa-hūn thó͘-tē lóng sī [[Algonquin]] pō͘-cho̍k khòng-chè ê só͘-chāi. In sī liân-ha̍p tī le̍k-sú-ha̍k siōng só͘ kóng ê [[Powhatan Pang-liân]] ē-té, he̍k-chiá kóng sī chi̍t-ê "tè-kok". Siú-léng [[Wahunsunacock]] tī 16 sè-kí bóe kàu 17 sè-kí chheh cheng-ho̍k kiam liân-ha̍p liáu tāi-khài saⁿ-cha̍p-ê pō͘-lo̍k, che siú-léng hông kiò chò sī ''Powhatan'', i chheng só͘ khòng-chè ê thó͘-tē sī [[Tenakomakah]].

Virginia si̍t-bîn-tē sī 1607 nî [[Lûn-tun Kong-si]] (''London Company'') kiàn-li̍p--ê.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Concise History of the United States of America|first=Susan-Mary |last = Grant|year=2012|isbn= 9780521612791|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=74}}</ref>

Tāi-eng-kok Kok-hōe tī tùi Hoat-kok kap Ìn-tò͘ ê chiàn-chéng liáu-āu hiòng si̍t-bîn-tē ka-kiông tin-sòe, ín-khí chia só͘-chāi ê put-boán. Tong-sî [[Patrick Henry]] kap [[Richard Henry Lee]] téng gī-oân chhōa-thâu ê [[Kong-bîn-hōe]] (''House of Burgesses'') chiō sī hoán-tùi sin sòe-kim chè-tō͘--ê. 1773 nî, Virginia lâng khai-sí kap pa̍t chiu cho͘-chit in hêng-tông. 1774 nî in phài tāi-piáu chham-ka [[Tāi-lio̍k Hōe-gī]], tong-nî Kong-bîn-hōe hō͘ ông-ka phài ê chóng-tok kái-sàn, kek-bēng-phài ê thâu-lâng chiō keng-kòe [[Virgina Tāi-hōe]] (''Virginia Conventions'') î-chhî koán-lí. Kàu 1776 nî ê sî, Tāi-hōe soan-pò͘ Virginia tùi Tāi-eng Tè-kok to̍k-li̍p, chhái-ēng [[George Mason]] ê [[Virginia Khoân-lī Soan-giân]] (''Virginia Declaration of Rights''). Lēng-gōa chi̍t ūi Virginia lâng [[Thomas Jefferson]] āu--lâi koh chìn-chi̍t-pō͘ khí-chhó liáu Bí-kok ê [[To̍k-li̍p Soan-giân]].

[[Bí-kok Lōe-chiàn|Lōe-chiàn]] chìn-chêng, Virginia tû-liáu tī lông-gia̍p siōng, ùi [[khòng-gia̍p]] ê [[lô͘-lē]] sú-iōng mā tng teh chin-ka. 1800 nî. Hit chūn mā sán-seng lô͘-lē hóng-khòng oa̍h-tāng, pau-koat chhiūⁿ [[Gabriel Prosser]] tī 1800 nî, [[Nat Turner]] tī 1831 nî, kap [[John Brow]] tī 1859 nî, hun-pia̍t niá-chhōa liáu po̍k-tōng sū-kiāⁿ. Kàu 1860 nî ê sî, tāi-khài chiâⁿ pah bān, chiàu beh 31% ê Virginia jîn-kháu sī lô͘-lē.

1861 nî 4 goe̍h 17 ji̍t, Virginia tâu-phiò koat-tēng thoat-lî Bí-kok. Kàu 4 goe̍h 24, in ka-ji̍p [[America Pang-liân-kok]], tong-sî Pang-liân siú-hú chiō siat tī Virginia ê [[Richmond]]. Chiàn-cheng kiat-sok liáu-āu, tī 1870 nî, keng-kòe [[Kiú-jîn Úi-oân-hōe]] (''Committee of Nine'') ê ūn-chok, Virginia chèng-sek tó-tńg Bí-kok.

Virginia chhut-sin ê [[James Albert Bonsack]] tī 1880 nî hoat-bêng liáu kńg [[ta-bá-koh]] [[chóa-hun]] ê ke-khì, niá-chhōa liáu [[Richmond]] ê chi̍t kái kang-gia̍p hoat-tián. Kàu 1886 nî ê sî, thih-lō͘ si̍t-gia̍p-ka [[Collis Potter Huntington]] kiàn-li̍p khí [[Newport News Shipbuilding]] chō-chûn-só͘, che kang-tiûⁿ tè-bé tī tâu-jip [[It-chhù Tāi-chià]] chêng-āu [[Bí-kok Hái-kun]] chiàn-lām ê seng-sán.

1951 nî tī [[Farmville]], [[Barbara Rose Johns]] hoat-tōng hoán-khòng chéng-cho̍k keh-lî ha̍k-hāu ê ūn-tōng, ín-khí ''[[Davis tùi Prince Edward Kūn ê Kūn Ha̍k-hāu Lí-sū-hōe]]'' (''Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County'') koaⁿ-si. Àn-kiāⁿ tī 1954 nî keng-kòe ''[[Brown tùi Kàu-io̍k Lí-sū-hōe]]'' (''Brown v. Board of Education'') àn khak-tēng, kī-choa̍t liáu keh-lî-phài tùi "hûn-lî m̄-koh pêng-téng" ê chú-tiuⁿ. 1960 nî-tāi oa̍h-hiáⁿ ê [[Kong-bîn Khoân-lī Ūn-tōng]], ín-chhōa liáu Bí-kok chē hāng choân-kok-sèng ê hoat-àn. Tī 1964 nî, Bí-kok Chòe-ko Hoat-īⁿ bēng-lēng [[Prince Edward Kūn]] téng tē-hng ài hòe-tû keh-lî-sek ha̍k-hāu.

== Keng-chè ==
Virginia tī 2015 nî ê [[GDP]] sī 481,084 pa̍h-bān bí-kim.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/VANGSP|title= Total Gross Domestic Product by State for Virginia |work= FRED|publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis|date=2016-12-07|accessdate=2017-04-03}}</ref> Chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, pún chiu siāng-chē lâng-kang ê sán-gia̍p sī [[sió-bē-gia̍p]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Major industries with highest employment, by state, 1990-2015|date=2016-08-05|url=https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2016/major-industries-with-highest-employment-by-state.htm|accessdate=2017-03-11|publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics|work=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref>

== Chham-khó ==
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{{Bí-kok ê hêng-chèng-khu}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Bí-kok ê chiu]]
[[Lūi-pia̍t:Virginia|*]]

Khài-iàu

Pe̍h-ōe-jī ê chiàⁿ-jī-hoat: o͘ ⁿ á é í ó ó͘ ú ḿ ń · Á É Í Ó Ó͘ Ú Ḿ Ń · à è ì ò ò͘ ù m̀ ǹ · À È Ì Ò Ò͘ Ù M̀ M̀ · â ê î ô ô͘ û m̂ n̂ · Â Ê Î Ô Ô͘ Û M̂ N̂ · ā ē ī ō ō͘ ū m̄ n̄ · Ā Ē Ī Ō Ō͘ Ū M̄ N̄ · a̍ e̍ i̍ o̍ o̍͘ u̍ m̍ n̍ · A̍ E̍ I̍ O̍ O̍͘ U̍ M̍ N̍ · – — ’ … ° ¹ ² ³ · [[Category:]] · #REDIRECT[[]] · {{}} · () · [[]]

Chhú-siau Án-choáⁿ siu-kái(ē khui sin thang-á hián-sī)

在此頁面使用的Wikidata實體

Virginia: 網站連結, 標題, 陳述：P214, 陳述：P244, 陳述：P213, 陳述：P496, 陳述：P227, 陳述：P906, 陳述：P269, 陳述：P268, 陳述：P651, 陳述：P1053, 陳述：P1015, 陳述：P245, 陳述：P902, 陳述：P886, 陳述：P434, 陳述：P549, 陳述：P409, 陳述：P349, 陳述：P1048, 陳述：P691, 陳述：P640, 陳述：P396, 陳述：P947, 陳述：P428, 陳述：P1222, 陳述：P1223, 陳述：P1157, 陳述：P950, 陳述：P271, 陳述：P1362, 陳述：P781, 陳述：P1248, 陳述：P650, 描述：nan

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Tsit-ê ia̍h sī 7 hōo bih luī-pia̍t:

Lâi-goân: "https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia"