sien

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish çien (“hundred”), from Latin centum. Cognate with Spanish cien.

Etymology 2

A development of Old Spanish sen (“sense, judgement”) (compare Italian senno), influenced by conjugated forms of sentir (“to feel”) (compare siento (“to feel”)). Probably, through the intermediate of a Gallo-Romance source such as Old Occitan sen, from Vulgar Latin *sennus, of Germanic origin (compare Dutch zin (“meaning, intention”), German Sinn (“sense, mind”), Norwegian sinn (“mind”), Swedish sinne (“mind, sense”)), from Proto-West Germanic *sinn, from Proto-Indo-European *sentnos, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”).

Alternative forms

• seyn, syn
• sön (Low Prussian)

Etymology

From Middle Low German sîn, from Old Saxon sīn. The infinitive sien along with the words is and sünd derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no separate infinitive in Germanic. The modern infinitive was probably back-formed in late Old Saxon from the former first-person plural subjunctive sīn (“we be”), since this form had become identical to the infinitive in other verbs during the late Old Saxon period. Compare also German sein, Dutch zijn.

The original infinitive is wesen, from Middle Low German wesen, from Old Saxon wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from *h₂wes- (“to reside”). All the forms with initial w- (imperative and past tense) derive from this root. The infinitive wesen is still the most used one, but in general which one is used is a matter of personal preference and/or region.

Finally, the forms bün and büst derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”), from *bʰuH- (“to become”), which survives only as relic forms in the West Germanic languages and not at all in the others. Its infinitive and non-singular forms are only attested in (Old) English.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ziːn/

Verb

sien (past singular weer, past participle wesen or west, auxiliary verb wesen)

1. (only as the infinitive) Alternative form of wesen

See also

• wesen

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch sian, from Proto-West Germanic *sehwan.

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *sīan, from Proto-West Germanic *sīhwan.

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Further reading

• “sien (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “siën”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “sien (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “siën”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page siën

Verb

sien

1. Alternative form of seien

Alternative forms

• sin

Etymology

From Latin sine.

Preposition

sien

1. without

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sěnь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈsi̯ɛːn/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈsiːn/

Noun

sien f

1. hall

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “sien”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Alternative forms

• sȳn, sēon, sīn

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *siuni (“appearance, sight, face”).

Cognate with Old Frisian siōne, siūne (“face, countenance”), Old Saxon siun (“perception, vision, sight,”), Old Norse sýn (“face, appearance, countenance”), Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌽𐍃 (siuns, “face, form, countenance”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si͜yːn/

Noun

sīen f

1. (senses) power of sight, vision
2. the instrument of sight; eye; pupil
3. appearance, countenance

Etymology

Latin suum.

Adjective

sien

1. (stressed) third-person singular possessive pronoun
   1. his
   2. her
   3. one's
   4. its

Etymology

From Latin somnus.

Noun

sien f (plural siens)

1. (Sutsilvan) nap

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sin/

Determiner

sien

1. feminine of sin
2. neuter of sin
3. plural of sin

References

• Marron C. Fort (2015) “sien”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Etymology

A development of older sen (“sense, judgement”) (compare Italian senno), influenced by conjugated forms of sentir (“to feel”) (compare siento (“to feel”)). Probably, through the intermediate of a Gallo-Romance source such as Old Occitan sen, from Vulgar Latin *sennus, of Germanic origin (compare Dutch zin (“meaning, intention”), German Sinn (“sense, mind”), Norwegian sinn (“mind”), Swedish sinne (“mind, sense”)), from Proto-West Germanic *sinn, from Proto-Indo-European *sentnos, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsjen/ [ˈsjẽn]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -en
• Syllabification: sien
• Homophone: (Latin America) cien

Noun

sien f (plural sienes)

1. (anatomy) temple (part of the skull on the side of the forehead)
   • 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 305:

     El polvo del umbral de la puerta aplicado en pequeños parches sobre las sienes, es primoroso para combatir el dolor de cabeza.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (in the plural, anatomy) temporal (temples of the head)

Further reading

• “sien”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Etymology

From Chinese 仙 (MC sjen).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /θiːn˨˦/
• Tone numbers: sien¹
• Hyphenation: sien

Noun

sien (1957–1982 spelling sien)

1. immortal; god

Noun

sien

1. blood