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sem

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sem"

Translingual

Symbol

sem

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Semitic languages.

English

Pronunciation

Noun

sem (plural sems)

  1. Clipping of seminary.
  2. Clipping of semester.
  3. Clipping of semicolon.

Derived terms

Anagrams

Bahnar

Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *ceː₂m, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cim ~ *ciim ~ *ciəm ~ *caim ~ *cum (“bird”).

Pronunciation

Noun

sem 

  1. bird

Catalan

Alternative forms

Verb

sem

  1. (Northern, Alghero) first-person plural present indicative of ésser
  2. (Northern, Alghero) first-person plural present indicative of ser

Chinese

Etymology

From clipping of English semester.

Pronunciation

Noun

sem

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) semester (Classifier: 個／个 c)
    終於完sem喇。／终于完sem喇。 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  zung1 jyu1 jyun4 sem6 laa3. [Jyutping]  ―  The semester has finally ended.

Derived terms

  • sem尾
  • sem頭 / sem头
  • sem頭不努力，sem尾徒傷悲 / sem头不努力，sem尾徒伤悲
  • 完sem
  • 開sem / 开sem
  • 開sem飯 / 开sem饭

References

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech sěmo / sěm, from Proto-Slavic *sěmo.

Pronunciation

Adverb

sem

  1. hither (to here)

Eskayan

Numeral

sem

  1. nine

Hungarian

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Conjunction

sem (clitic)

  1. …, neither (or not…, either)
    Julit sem láttam. ― I didn’t see Juli, either. [aside from not having seen another person]
    Én sem láttam Julit. ― I didn’t see Juli, either. [aside from other people who haven't seen her]
  2. not even
    Meg sem próbálta. ― S/he didn’t even try it.

Conjunction

sem (paired)

  1. neither… nor…
    Sem te, sem ő nem jöhettek velem. ― Neither you nor s/he can come with me.

Usage notes

The word sem and nincs, nincsen (“it/there isn't”) are contracted into the forms sincs, sincsen (“it/there isn't, either”).

Derived terms

Compound words
Expressions

See also

  • koránt (used in the phrases korántsem, koránt sincs)

Further reading

  • sem in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɛːm/
  • Rhymes: -ɛːm
  • (before words beginning with a consonant) IPA(key): /sɛm/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse sem (“as, like”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”).

Conjunction

sem

  1. (with a noun phrase) as, like
    Hann var sem guð meðal manna.
    He was like a god amongst men.
    Hár hennar var hvítt sem snjór.
    Her hair was white as snow.
    Hann er sem nýr.
    He is as [good as] new.
    Vista sem…
    Save as…
  2. (with a clause) like, as if
    Svo virðist sem sjúkdómurinn sé arfgengur
    Is seems as though the disease is hereditary.
  3. (relative, with a clause) who, which, that
    Þetta er maðurinn sem ég hitti í gær.
    That’s the man that I met yesterday.
    Þetta er konan sem barði mig.
    That’s the woman who hit me.
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

sem (weak)

  1. first-person singular present indicative of semja
  2. second-person singular imperative of semja

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

sem

  1. Alternative form of seem (“seam”)

Etymology 2

Noun

sem

  1. Alternative form of seem (“load”)

Old Norse

Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”).

Alternative forms

Conjunction

sem

  1. as, the same, like
Descendants
  • Icelandic: sem
  • Faroese: sum (from East Nordic)
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: (dialectal) sem, se
  • Old Swedish: sum, som
  • Danish: som
    • Norwegian Bokmål: som

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sem

  1. inflection of semja:
    1. first-person singular active present indicative
    2. second-person singular active imperative

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “sem”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡ʃem, from Proto-Tupian *t͡ʃem.

    Cognate with Guaraní sẽ, Sateré-Mawé wẽẽ-tẽp.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈsɛ̃m/
    • Rhymes: -ɛ̃m
    • Hyphenation: sem

    Verb

    sem (first-person singular active indicative asem, first-person singular negative active indicative n'asemi, noun sema) (intransitive)

    1. to exit; to leave; to get out
      Asem 'y suí.
      I got out of the water.
    2. to move (to change residence)
      Synonym: îakasó
    3. (of a celestial body) to rise
    4. (rare) to be born [with suí ‘from someone’]
      Synonym: 'ar
      • 1586, André Thevet, “Du Goulphre ou Riviere de Ganabara”, in Le Grand Insulaire et Pilotage d’André Thevet [The Great Islander and Piloting of André Thevet], page 253:
        aëoſen Maria Vurgon ſuy
        [A'e osem Maria Virgem suí.]
        He was born from Mary Virgin.
      • 1586, André Thevet, “Du Goulphre ou Riviere de Ganabara”, in Le Grand Insulaire et Pilotage d’André Thevet [The Great Islander and Piloting of André Thevet], page 253:
        aë aué de ſuy oſenuaë puera Jeſus
        [A'e abé nde suí osẽba'epûera Jesus.]
        He also who was born from you, Jesus.

    Conjugation

    More information Deverbals, Verbal forms ...
    Causative mosem
    Causative-comitative erosem
    Deverbals
    -ba'e osemyba'e
    -sab(a) sembaba
    -sar(a) sembara
    Singular Singular & Plural Plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
    Verbal forms
    Active
    Indicative asem eresem osem orosem îasem pesem
    Permissive t'asem t'eresem t'osem t'orosem t'îasem ta pesem
    Imperative esem pesem
    Negative indicative n'asemi n'eresemi n'osemi n'orosemi n'îasemi na pesemi
    Negative permissive t'asem umẽ t'eresem umẽ t'osem umẽ t'orosem umẽ t'îasem umẽ ta pesem umẽ
    Negative imperative esem umẽ pesem umẽ
    Gerund
    Affirmative gûixema esema osema orosema îasema pesema
    Negative gûixeme'yma eseme'yma oseme'yma oroseme'yma îaseme'yma peseme'yma
    Nominal forms
    Infinitive
    Affirmative sema
    Negative seme'yma
    Circumstantial
    Affirmative xe semi i xemi oré semi îandé semi
    Negative xe seme'ymi i xeme'ymi oré seme'ymi îandé seme'ymi
    Close
        Conjugation of sem (intransitive, S-starting, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
    Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

    Descendants

    References

    Portuguese

    Etymology

      From Old Galician-Portuguese sen, from Latin sine, from Proto-Indo-European *sene.

      Pronunciation

      Preposition

      sem

      2. -less; without (not having, containing, characteristic of, etc.)
        Antonym: com
        um livro sem capa ― a book without a cover
        casa sem janelas ― windowless house
      4. (followed by infinitive) without (not doing or not having done something)
        Ele gosta de comer tudo sem dividir.
        He likes to eat everything without sharing.
        Ele atirou sem avisar ninguém.
        He shot without warning anyone.

      Quotations

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:sem.

      Synonyms

      Antonyms

      • (antonym(s) of “not doing or having done something”): use gerund (-ando, -endo, -indo)

      Derived terms

      Descendants

      • → Ambonese Malay: seng
      • Macanese: sim

      Romani

      Verb

      sem

      1. first-person singular present indicative of si

      Serbo-Croatian

      Etymology 1

      This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

      Pronunciation

      Preposition

      sem (Cyrillic spelling сем)

      1. except, apart from, besides

      Etymology 2

      From Ancient Greek σῆμα (sêma).

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      sȇm m (Cyrillic spelling се̑м)

      1. (semantics) the smallest unit of meaning

      Further reading

      Slovene

      Pronunciation

      Etymology 1

      From Proto-Slavic *sěmo.

      Adverb

      sem

      1. hither, over here (to here)

      Etymology 2

      From Proto-Slavic *esmь.

      Verb

      sə̏m

      1. first-person singular present of bíti

      Further reading

      • “sem”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

      Tok Pisin

      Etymology

      From English same.

      Adjective

      sem

      1. same

      Zou

      Noun

      sem

      1. hair

      References

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