ingen

Etymology

From Old Norse engi, enginn, from einn (“one”) +‎ -gi (“not”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈenɡən/, [ˈeŋŋ̍]

Pronoun

ingen (neuter intet, plural ingen)

(determiner) no
Jeg har ingen penge.
I have no money.
(pronoun) no one, nobody, nothing, neither, none
Ingen har set ham siden i morges.
No one has seen him since this morning.

Etymology

ing +‎ -en

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈiŋɡɛn]
Hyphenation: in‧gen

Noun

ingen

superessive singular of ing

Etymology

From Old Norse engi, enginn.

Pronoun

ingen (feminine inga, masculine ingen, neuter intet, plural ingen)

Adjective

ingen

no; not any

Derived terms

References

“ingen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Etymology

From Middle Norwegian eingin, from Old Norse enginn, a newer form of engi. Cognate with Faroese eingin, Icelandic enginn, Swedish ingen and Danish ingen.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /²ɪŋːɛn/

Determiner

ingen (masculine ingen, feminine inga, neuter inkje, plural ingen)

no

Pronoun

ingen (masculine ingen, feminine inga, neuter inkje, plural ingen)

Derived terms

References

“ingen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

ginen

Etymology 1

From Primitive Irish ᚔᚅᚔᚌᚓᚅᚐ (inigena),^[1] from Proto-Celtic *enigenā (literally “born within, indigenous”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, beget”); compare Latin indigena (“native”) and Ancient Greek ἐγγόνη (engónē, “granddaughter”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈinʲɣʲen]

Noun

ingen f (genitive ingine)

daughter
maiden, virgin, young woman

Inflection

More information Feminine ā-stem, Singular ...

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ingen^L	ingin^L	ingena^H
Vocative	ingen^L	ingin^L	ingena^H
Accusative	ingin^N	ingin^L	ingena^H
Genitive	ingine^H	ingen^L	ingen^N
Dative	ingin^L	ingenaib	ingenaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

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Derived terms

ingenacht
ingenrad

Descendants

Middle Irish: ingen
- Irish: iníon, inghean (superseded), inghin, inín (Connacht), nighean, níon (Ulster), inín
- Manx: inneen
- Scottish Gaelic: nighean, nigheann, inghean
⇒ Middle Irish: ingenach
⇒ Middle Irish: ingenas
- Irish: iníonas

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *angʷīnā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nṓgʰs.

Cognate with Welsh ewin, Breton ivin; and with Latin unguis, English nail, Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Russian но́готь (nógotʹ), Sanskrit नख (nakhá).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈiŋʲɡʲen]

Noun

ingen f (genitive ingen)

nail (fingernail, toenail)

Inflection

More information Feminine ā-stem, Singular ...

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ingen^L	ingin^L	ingnea^H
Vocative	ingen^L	ingin^L	ingnea^H
Accusative	ingin^N	ingin^L	ingnea^H
Genitive	ingne^H	ingen^L	ingen^N
Dative	ingin^L	ingnib	ingnib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

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Descendants

Irish: ionga
Manx: ingin
Scottish Gaelic: ionga

References

[1]
Ziegler, Sabine (1994) Alfred Bammesberger and Günter Neumann, editors, Die Sprache der altirischen Ogam-Inschriften [The language of the Old Irish Ogham inscriptions] (Historische Sprachforschung; Ergänzungsheft 36) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 188f

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Etymology

From Old Swedish ængin, from Old Norse engi, enginn, from einn (“one”) + -gi (privative suffix).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɪŋˌɛn/, [ˈɪŋːˌɛ̂n]
Audio: (file)

Determiner

ingen (neuter inget, plural inga)

no
Jag har ingen bil
I have no car

Vi har ingen mjölk hemma
We have no milk at home

Jag har inga cigaretter
I have no cigarettes

Inget träd kan leva av vatten allena
No tree can live on water alone
1. none (when the referent is implied, which is often idiomatic in Swedish, similar to after "any" in English in the example)
  – Ge mig en cigarett. – Jag har inga ["cigaretter" implied].
  – Give me a cigarette. – I don't have any ["cigarettes" implied – "I have no/none"].

Pronoun

ingen (neuter inget, plural inga)

none
Ingen av burkarna innehöll cola
None of the cans contained cola

Inget av detta är en slump
None of this is a coincidence

För musiken står inga mindre än Rolling Stones
The music is provided by ("for the music stands") none other than ("none lesser than" – idiomatic) the Rolling Stones
1. (almost always common gender) no one, nobody
  Ingen har någonsin sprungit 100 meter på under nio sekunder!
  No one has ever run 100 meters faster than nine seconds!
(in the neuter inget) Synonym of ingenting (“nothing”)
- 1994, Lisa Ekdahl (lyrics and music), “Vem vet [Who knows]”, in Lisa Ekdahl‎:
  Vem vet? Inte du. Vem vet? Inte jag. Vi vet ingenting nu. Vi vet inget idag.
  Who knows? Not you. Who knows? Not I. We know nothing now. We know nothing today.

Usage notes

See the usage notes for inget.

References

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[1] [1]
Ziegler, Sabine (1994) Alfred Bammesberger and Günter Neumann, editors, Die Sprache der altirischen Ogam-Inschriften [The language of the Old Irish Ogham inscriptions] (Historische Sprachforschung; Ergänzungsheft 36) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 188f

[1]

Etymology

Pronunciation

Pronoun

See also

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology

Pronoun

Adjective

Derived terms

References

Etymology

Pronunciation

Determiner

Pronoun

Derived terms

References

Anagrams

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Descendants

Further reading

References

Etymology

Pronunciation

Determiner

Pronoun

Usage notes

See also

References

Danish

Hungarian

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Nynorsk

Old Irish

Swedish