hel

See also: Appendix:Variations of "hel"

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /heːˀl/, [ˈhe̝ˀl]

Etymology 1

From Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, sound”), cognate with English whole, German heil, Dutch heel, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (hails).

Adjective

hel (neuter helt, plural and definite singular attributive hele)

whole, entire, complete, full (undivided, with all elements)
whole, intact, undamaged (not broken)
the hour, top of the hour (at the start of a new hour)
entire (Used to indicate that an amount is considered large.)
- 2012, Jan Sonnergaard, Trilogien, Gyldendal A/S, →ISBN:
  Man kan være så frygteligt alene i måneder, hele måneder ad gangen, og gøre stort set alt hvad der står i éns magt for at komme i kontakt.
  One can be so terribly alone for months, entire months at a time, and do practically anything in one's power to get in contact.
- 2012, Ib Melchior, Spionjæger - en dansk kontraspions bedrifter i den amerikanske hær under 2. verdenskrig, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:
  Jeg så en mand, der holdt sin Soldbuch frem til samtlige GI'er, der gik forbi i en hel halv time, og ingen tog notits af ham.
  I saw a man who held out his Soldbuch to every single GI who want past him for an entire half hour, and no one took any notice of him.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

hel

imperative of hele

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Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɦɛl/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: hel
Rhymes: -ɛl

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch helle, from Old Dutch hella, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”).

Noun

hel f (plural hellen, diminutive helletje n)

(religion, mythology) hell, an infernal afterlife
Synonyms: poel, jammerpoel

Ik hoop dat je zal branden in de hel.
I hope you will burn in hell.
(figurative) a terrible place or ordeal
Hij maakte daarmee haar leven tot een hel.
With that he made her life into a hell.

Derived terms

Descendants

Negerhollands: hel, hei

Etymology 2

Cognate with German hell.

Adjective

hel (comparative heller, superlative helst)

(archaic) bright

Declension

More information Declension of, uninflected ...

Declension of hel
uninflected	hel
inflected	helle
comparative	heller
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		hel	heller	het helst het helste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	helle	hellere	helste
	n. sing.	hel	heller	helste
	plural	helle	hellere	helste
definite		helle	hellere	helste
partitive		hels	hellers	—

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Etymology 3

See hal.

Noun

hel n or f (plural hellen, diminutive helletje n)

Alternative form of hal (“frozen spot”)

Etymology 4

Verb

hel

inflection of hellen:
1. first-person singular present indicative
2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
3. imperative

References

van Veen, P.A.F., van der Sijs, Nicoline (1997) Etymologisch woordenboek: de herkomst van onze woorden (in Dutch), Utrecht, Antwerpen: Van Dale Lexicografie, →ISBN

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Etymology

From Old Norse hel, from Proto-Germanic *haljō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hɛːl/
Rhymes: -ɛːl

Noun

hel f (genitive singular heljar, no plural)

hell (underworld), death

Declension

More information singular, indefinite ...

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	hel	—
accusative	hel	—
dative	hel	—
genitive	heljar	heljarinnar

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Declension of hel (sg-only feminine)

The dative helju also occurs, mainly in the phrase heimta úr helju. The word is normally not used with suffixed article, but the genitive definite form, heljarinnar, occurs as an intensifier (meaning something like “hell of a”).

Related terms

helvíti

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Etymology 1

From Early Modern Limburgish hèl, from Middle Dutch helle.

Alternative forms

hèl (older variant, Moelingen)
Höll (Eupen, Krefeld)
Héll (Eupen)

Noun

hel f

hell
(figuratively) a bad place to be
Synonym: verdommenis

Etymology 2

From earlier helle.

Alternative forms

héll (Eupen)
hell (Krefeld)

Adjective

hel (comparative helder, superlative hels, predicative superlative 't hèls)

Etymology 1

Noun

hel

Alternative form of hele (“health”)

Etymology 2

Proper noun

hel

Alternative form of helle

Noun

hel f

solution

Synonyms

çare
çareserî

Derived terms

hel bûn
hel kirin
helbûn
helkirin
helbûyî
helkirî

Etymology 1

From Old Norse heill (“whole, complete”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz.

Alternative forms

heil

Adjective

hel (neuter singular helt, definite singular and plural hele)

whole, unbroken
Hun har ikke røykt på en hel uke.
She hasn't smoked for a whole week.

Jeg vet ikke, hele denne greia virker litt risikabel for meg.
I don't know, this whole thing seems a little risky to me.

Jeg tror ikke han forstår hvorfor, Harry, men han hadde det så travelt med å kveste sin egen sjel at han aldri tok seg tid til å forstå den uforliknelige kraft i en sjel som er uplettet og hel. (from page 463 of the Norwegian translation of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Harry Potter og Halvblodsprinsen)
I do not think he understands why, Harry, but he was in such a hurry to mutilate his own soul, he never paused to understand the incomparable power of a soul that is untarnished and whole. (from page 478 of the original British version of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince)
pure, all
Jeg fikk tak i en genser i hel ull, den blir god å ha når vinteren kommer.
I got myself a pure wool sweater, it'll come in handy when winter arrives.
(used as a noun) it, all of it, the whole/entire thing
Og det beste ved det hele er at jeg slipper å se deg i to, hele måneder!
And the best part of it is that I don't have to see you for two whole months!

Synonyms

whole, unbroken, pure

frelst
fullkommen
fullstendig
ganske
gjennomgripende
grundig
helskinnet
intakt
komplett
med hud og hår
ren, rein
reservasjonsløs
samfull
total
ubeskåret
ublandet
ubrutt
udelt
urørt
uskadd
uskiftet
utslagen

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

hel

imperative of hele

References

“hel” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“hel” in The Ordnett Dictionary
Harry Potter og Halvblodsprinsen, →ISBN. Norwegian translation of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince by Torstein Bugge Høverstad.
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, →ISBN, by J.K. Rowling

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Etymology

From Old Norse hel, from Proto-Germanic *haljō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic hel.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [hɛ̝ːl], [hɛ̝ːɽ]
Homophone: Hel

Noun

hel f

death, underworld
i hel ― to death
(Norse mythology) Hel (the realm of the dead who did not die in combat)
Synonyms: helheim, daudeheim, dauderike

Derived terms

i hel

Related terms

Hel (“goddess of the death realm”)
helauga
helblakk (“pale as a corpse”)
helborg (“death realm”)
helfar (“cause of death”)
helferd (“moment of death”)
helgrind (“gates of the death realm”)
helheim(en) (“(the) death realm”)
helherre (“lord of the death, devil”)
helhest (“horse with three legs and no head”)
helhund (“Cerberus”)
helhunger (“strong hunger felt before death”)
helhær, helher (“army from the death realm”)
heljar- (e.g. heljarkjøp “hell of a purchase”)
helkjerring (“death goddess”)
helkunst
helmann (“sorcerer with help from the death realm”)
helmaur, helmott (“itching from a deadly illness”)
helnatt
helorar (“bewilderment”)
helord (“cruel words”)
helsott (“deadly illness”)
helstikke
helsynt (“foreseeing one’s death”)
heltroll, heltuss (“demon”)
helvete (“hell”)

References

“hel” in The Ordnett Dictionary
“hel” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Alternative forms

hell

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xel/, [hel]

Noun

hel f

Alternative form of hell

Declension

Strong ō-stem:

More information singular, plural ...

	singular	plural
nominative	hel	hela, hele
accusative	hele	hela, hele
genitive	hele	hela
dative	hele	helum

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Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos. Cognates include Old English hāl, Old Saxon hēl and Old Dutch heil.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈheːl/, [ˈhɛːl]

Adjective

hēl

whole

Descendants

Saterland Frisian: heel
West Frisian: hiel

References

Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *haljō. Doublet of Hel.

Noun

hel f (genitive heljar, dative helju)

(Germanic paganism) the underworld, personified the goddess of the same name
(Christianity) Hell

Declension

More information feminine, singular ...

feminine	singular		plural
feminine	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hel	helin	heljar	heljarnar
accusative	hel	helina	heljar	heljarnar
dative	hel, helju	helinni, heljunni	heljum	heljunum
genitive	heljar	heljarinnar	helja	heljanna

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Declension of hel (strong jō-stem)

Note the -u in the dative singular.

Related terms

helvíti

Descendants

Icelandic: hel
Faroese: hel
Norwegian Nynorsk: hel
- → Norwegian Bokmål: hel
⇒ Old Norse: í hel
- Icelandic: í hel
- Norwegian Nynorsk: i hel, ihel-
- Old Swedish: i häl, ihiäl
  - Swedish: ihjäl, ihäl
- Old Danish: i hæl, i hiel
  - Danish: ihjel
    - Norwegian Bokmål: i hjel, ihjel-

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”).

Noun

hel f

hell

Alternative forms

hellja, hellia

Derived terms

Descendants

Middle Low German: helle
- German Low German: Helle, Hölle, Hell, Höll
- Westphalian:
  Sauerländisch: Helle
  
  Westmünsterländisch: Helle f, Hell m
- Plautdietsch: Hal

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz.

Adjective

hēl

whole, hale

Declension

More information Strong declension, gender ...

Strong declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	hēl	hēle, hēla	hēl	hēla	hēl	hēl, hēla
accusative	hēlan, hēlen	hēla, hēle	hēla	hēla	hēl	hēl, hēla
genitive	hēles, hēlas	hēlaro, hēloro, hēlero	hēlara, hēlaro	hēlaro, hēloro, hēlero	hēles, hēlas	hēlaro, hēloro, hēlero
dative	hēlumu, hēlum, hēlun, hēlun, hēlon, hēlen, hēlan	hēlun, hēlon, hēlum	hēlaro, hēlaru, hēlara	hēlun, hēlon	hēlumu, hēlum, hēlun, hēlun, hēlon, hēlen, hēlan	hēlun, hēlon, hēlum
Weak declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	hēlo, hēla	hēlon, hēlun	hēla, hēle	hēlon, hēlun, hēlan	hēla, hēle	hēlon, hēlun
accusative	hēlon, hēlan	hēlon, hēlun	hēlun, hēlon, hēlan	hēlon, hēlun, hēlan	hēla, hēle	hēlon, hēlun
genitive	hēlen, hēlan	hēlono, hēleno	hēlun, hēlan, hēlen	hēlono	hēlen, hēlan	hēlono, hēleno
dative	hēlon, hēlen, hēlan	hēlon, hēlun	hēlun, hēlan	hēlon, hēlun	hēlon, hēlen, hēlan	hēlon, hēlun

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Positive forms of hēl

Descendants

Middle Low German: hêl, heil
- Low German: hel, heel, heil

Etymology 3

From Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, a noun of similar derivation to the above adjective.

Noun

hēl n

omen

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

	singular	plural
nominative	hēl	hēl
accusative	hēl	hēl
genitive	hēles	hēlō
dative	hēle	hēlun
instrumental	—	—

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Declension of hēl (neuter a-stem)

Descendants

Middle Low German: hēl

Etymology

From Dutch geel.

Adjective

hel

yellow

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

hel

Wikipedia ^pl

More information Chemical element ...

Chemical element
He
Previous: wodór (H)
Next: lit (Li)

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Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɛl/

(Greater Poland):
- (Kociewie) IPA^(key): /ˈxɛl/

Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɛl
Syllabification: hel
Homophone: Hel

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from New Latin hēlium.

Noun

hel m inan (related adjective helowy)

helium (second lightest chemical element (symbol He) with an atomic number of 2 and atomic weight of 4.002602, a colorless, odorless, and inert noble gas)

Declension

More information singular, nominative ...

	singular
nominative	hel
genitive	helu
dative	helowi
accusative	hel
instrumental	helem
locative	helu
vocative	helu

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Declension of hel

Derived terms

nouns

helowiec

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Perhaps related to Hel”)

Noun

hel m inan

(Kociewie, Malbork) airy, high place

Alternative forms

hél (Kociewie)

Verb

hel

to like
to find

Etymology

From Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /heːl/, [ˈheə̯l̪]
Audio: (file)

Adjective

hel (comparative helare, superlative helast)

(only attributively) (the) whole
Hela huset brann ner
The whole house burned down

Jag skulle kunna äta en hel elefant
I could eat an entire elephant
whole (intact, not broken)
Fönstret är helt
The window isn't broken
(as a prefix) completely, totally, full, whole

Declension

More information Indefinite, positive ...

Inflection of *hel*
Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative¹
common singular	hel	helare	helast
neuter singular	helt	helare	helast
plural	hela	helare	helast
masculine plural²	hele	helare	helast

Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular³	hele	helare	helaste
all	hela	helare	helaste

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¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Related terms

helt

References

Alternative forms

hela, hely

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *selgā, from Proto-Indo-European *selǵ- (“let loose, send”). Cognate with Old Irish selg.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hɛl/
Rhymes: -ɛl

Verb

hel (first-person singular present helaf, not mutable)

(North Wales) to send, to drive, to chase
(North Wales) to collect, to gather
(North Wales) to frequent, to visit often

Conjugation

More information singular, plural ...

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third	impersonal
present indicative/future	helaf	heli	hela	helwn	helwch	helant	helir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	helwn	helit	helai	helem	helech	helent	helid
preterite	helais	helaist	helodd	helasom	helasoch	helasant	helwyd
pluperfect	helaswn	helasit	helasai	helasem	helasech	helasent	helasid, helesid
present subjunctive	helwyf	helych	helo	helom	heloch	helont	heler
imperative	—	hela	heled	helwn	helwch	helent	heler
verbal noun	hel
verbal adjectives	heledig heladwy

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Conjugation (literary)

More information Inflected colloquial forms, singular ...

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
Inflected colloquial forms	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	hela i, helaf i	heli di	helith o/e/hi, heliff e/hi	helwn ni	helwch chi	helan nhw
conditional	helwn i, helswn i	helet ti, helset ti	helai fo/fe/hi, helsai fo/fe/hi	helen ni, helsen ni	helech chi, helsech chi	helen nhw, helsen nhw
preterite	helais i, heles i	helaist ti, helest ti	helodd o/e/hi	helon ni	heloch chi	helon nhw
imperative	—	hela	—	—	helwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

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Conjugation (colloquial)

Synonyms

(to send): danfon, gyrru, anfon
(to collect): casglu, crynhoi
(to frequent): mynychu, ymweld

Derived terms

helgi (“hound”)
helwr (“hunter”)

Related terms

hala

References

[1]
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hel”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hɛl/

Noun

hel c (plural [please provide])

hell

Etymology

From Middle English halle, from Old English hol.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hɛɫ/

Adjective

hel

hollow

Derived terms

Hel-teoun

References

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 45

[1] [1]
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hel”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[1]

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adjective

Etymology 2

Verb

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Adjective

Declension

Etymology 3

Noun

Etymology 4

Verb

References

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Noun

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Adjective

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Proper noun

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Adjective

Synonyms

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

References

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Descendants

References

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 1

Noun

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Adjective

Declension

Descendants

Etymology 3

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Etymology

Adjective