ber

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *bōr-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōrs-, from root *bʰers- (“point, tip bolt”). Cognate to Old Irish barr (“point”).^[1]

Noun

ber m (plural berë, definite beri, definite plural berët)

1. bow, arc, arch
2. arrow
3. javelin, lance
4. European whipsnake (Dolichophis jugularis, syn. Coluber jugularis)

References

Alternative forms

• bèar (Sette Comuni)

Etymology

Inherited from Middle High German wer, from Old High German wer, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz. Cognate with German wer, English who.

Pronoun

ber

1. (Luserna) who

   Bobrall du geast, gedenkhte ber du pist. ― Wherever you go, remember who you are.

References

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛr]
• Rhymes: -ɛr

Verb

ber

1. second-person singular imperative of brát

Anagrams

• erb

Adjective

ber

1. bare, uncovered

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse ber, from Proto-Germanic *basją, *bazją.

Etymology 2

Conjugated form.

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French berz, from Vulgar Latin *bertium (“little cradle”), from Gaulish.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ber m (plural bers)

1. (nautical) a cradle that holds a ship before and during its launch

Further reading

• “ber”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɛːr/
• Rhymes: -ɛːr

Etymology 1

From Old Norse berr, from Proto-Germanic *bazaz.

Etymology 2

From Old Norse ber, from Proto-Germanic *basją, *bazją.

Verb

ber

1. inflection of bērt:
   1. second/third-person singular present indicative
   2. third-person plural present indicative
   3. second-person singular imperative
2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of bērt
3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of bērt

Alternative forms

• bere, per

Etymology

From Old High German bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō, from Proto-Germanic *berô.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈber/, /ˈbɛr/

Noun

ber or bër m

1. bear

References

• Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “ber”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
• "ber" in Köbler, Gerhard, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (3rd edition 2014)

Verb

ber

1. to see

Pronoun

ber

1. unstressed form of biar

References

• “ber” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Alternative forms

• bzhe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɚ˧]
• Hyphenation: ber

Verb

ber

1. (stative) to be full (of)

References

• Štěpán Pavlík (2017) The Description of Namuzi Language‎, Prague: Charles University (PhD Thesis), page 119

Alternative forms

• bad (Föhr-Amrum)
• bade (Mooring)

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bidjaną.

Pronunciation

• (Sylt) IPA^(key): [b̥ɛɐ̯]

Verb

ber

1. (Sylt) to ask politely, to beg, request

Etymology 1

From the same root as Etymology 2 below.

Etymology 2

Slightly under the influence of Persian بر (“on, over”) (akin to wer (“prefix meaning "around"”)) but from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front; around”). The change in meaning of this word in Northwest Iranic languages can be seen in Parthian [script needed] (par, “to; at”) also.

Etymology 3

Likely from Proto-Iranian *varta- (“stone”).

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Etymology 5

Compare Persian بر (bar, “fruit”).

Etymology 6

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber I”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 45
• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber II”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 45
• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber III”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 46
• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber̄ IV”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 46
• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber V”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 47
• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “be‘r VI”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 47

Verb

ber

1. present of be

Etymology 1

Etymology 2

Anagrams

• bre

Alternative forms

• bǣr

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bāru, from Proto-Germanic *bērō, whence also Old High German bāra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /beːr/

Noun

bēr f

1. bier; a litter to transport dead people

Noun

ber m

1. nominative singular of baron

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bʲer/

Verb

·ber

1. first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of beirid

Mutation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *basją, *bazją, whence also Old English berġe, Old High German beri.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “ber”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrъ. First attested in 1409.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /bɛr/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /bɛr/

Noun

ber m animacy unattested

1. (attested in Greater poland) foxtail millet (Setaria italica)
   • 1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2‎, number 2650:

     Ber iocues, panicus

     [Ber iocues, panicus]

   • 1920 [1409], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1398, Płońsk:

     Yacom ne popasl Recziboroui poltory copi brw

     [Jakom nie popasł Reciborowi połtory kopy bru]

   • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 95r:

     Panichium est legumen quoddam proprie fenchel ber

     [Panichium est legumen quoddam proprie fenchel ber]

References

• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “ber”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ber”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
• Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “ber”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German bâr / bare

Noun

ber m ?

1. bear

References

• The template Template:R:pox:SejDp does not use the parameter(s):

  3=1

  Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Lehr-Spławiński, T., Polański, K. (1962) “ber”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław, Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 30
• Polański, Kazimierz, James Allen Sehnert (1967) “ber”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 37
• Olesch, Reinhold (1962) “Báar”, in Thesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes 1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, →ISBN, page 10

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish ber.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Further reading

• ber in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ber”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Danuta Lankiewicz (22.02.2016) “BER”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ber”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ber”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “ber”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 115

Verb

ber

1. present indicative of be

Anagrams

• bre

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).

Numeral

ber (Cyrillic spelling бер)

1. one

Etymology

Borrowed from English bear (Ursidae).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [beɾ]

Noun

ber (nominative plural bers)

1. (male or female) bear (ursid)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɛr/
• Rhymes: -ɛr

Adjective

ber

1. feminine singular of byr

Mutation

Alternative forms

• baar

Etymology

From Middle English beren, baren, from Old English beran, from Proto-West Germanic *beran.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɛr/, /baːr/

Verb

ber

1. to bear, to carry

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 26

Pronoun

ber

1. third person singular pronoun

References

• Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad