Etymology 1
From Middle Irish oc, ac, ic, from Old Irish oc, occ. Compare Scottish Gaelic aig.
Pronunciation
- (particle):
- IPA(key): /ə/ before a consonant
- IPA(key): /əɡ/ before a, á, o, ó, u, ú
- IPA(key): /əɟ/ before e, é, i, í
- (preposition): IPA(key): /ɛɟ/, /ɪɟ/
- (preposition, Oriel): IPA(key): /ɪɟə/
Particle
ag
- particle used with the verbal noun to mark the progressive aspect:
- ag siúl ― walking
- ag gáire ― laughing
- ag ithe ― eating
- ag ól ― drinking
Preposition
ag (plus dative, triggers no mutation)
- at
- of, for (after certain adjectives)
Bhí sé go deas ag Cáit a dhul leat.- It was nice of Cáit to go with you.
Tá sé éasca agat sin a rá.- It’s easy for you to say that.
- of (after an indication of quantity)
Tá go leor acu anseo.- There are plenty of them here.
Tá duine againn tinn.- One of us is ill.
- of (to indicate possession emphatically, used after a noun qualified by seo (“this”) or sin (“that”))
- an teach seo againne ― this house of ours
- na bróga sin agatsa ― those shoes of yours
- used with forms of bí (“to be”) to indicate possession in place of a verb meaning ‘have’
Tá teach ag Seán.- Seán has a house.
- used with forms of bí (“to be”) and a past participle to indicate a perfect tense
Tá an teach péinteáilte ag Seán.- Seán has painted the house.
- used with forms of bí (“to be”) to indicate ability to do something
Tá Spáinnis agam.- I can speak Spanish.
Tá caint agam.- I can talk.
Tá ceol agam.- I can make music.
Inflection
More information Person:, simple ...
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Etymology 2
Reduced form of chuig, assimilated in all forms to Etymology 1.
Preposition
ag (plus dative, triggers no mutation)
- (colloquial) Alternative form of chuig (“to (a person or place)”)
Tá mé ag dul ag an dochtúr.- I’m going to the doctor
Inflection
More information Person:, simple ...
Close
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ag”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “ag”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 7
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “oc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- “ag”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025