-ier
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
English
Etymology 1
Suffix
-ier
See also
Etymology 2
From French -ier.
Suffix
-ier
Anagrams
Dutch
Etymology
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ier m
- appended to a word, it yields a noun which signifies the subject who performs something related to that word
Derived terms
See also
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French -ier, -er, from Old French -ier, -er, from Latin -ārium, the accusative of -ārius. Compare the borrowed doublet -aire.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ier m (plural -iers, feminine -ière)
- forms the names of trees or bushes bearing a particular type of fruit
- forms the names of ships
- forms the names of jobs
- chocolat (“chocolate”) + -ier → chocolatier (“chocolatier”)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “-ier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
German
Etymology
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ier m
- A noun-forming suffix, used especially to render similar suffixes in borrowings from French.
Derived terms
Further reading
- “-ier” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Middle French
Suffix
-ier
Old French
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Latin -āre, from Proto-Italic *-āzi.
Alternative forms
Suffix
-ier
- suffix used to form infinitives of first conjugation verbs
- forgier ― to forge
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -ier, with a palatal stem. These verbs are conjugated mostly like verbs in -er, but there is an extra i before the e of some endings. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | -ier | avoir -ié | |||||
| gerund | en -ant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | -ant | ||||||
| past participle | -ié | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | — | -es | -e | -ons | -iez | -ent |
| imperfect | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| preterite | -ai | -as | -a | -ames | -astes | -ierent | |
| future | -erai | -eras | -era | -erons | -eroiz, -ereiz, -erez | -eront | |
| conditional | -eroie, -ereie | -eroies, -ereies | -eroit, -ereit | -eriiens, -eriens | -eriiez, -eriez | -eroient, -ereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | — | -s | -t | -ons | -iez | -ent |
| imperfect | -asse | -asses | -ast | -issons, -issiens | -issoiz, -issez, -issiez | -assent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | -e | — | -ons | -iez | — | ||
Descendants
Etymology 2
Etymology tree
Latin -ārius
Old French -ier
Alternative forms
- -er (present in all varieties but more common in Anglo-Norman than in France)
Suffix
-ier
- indicates a profession
- bouchier ― butcher
- indicates location, where one lives
- forestier ― forester
Derived terms
- -erie f
Descendants
See also
Swedish
Suffix
-ier
Synonyms
Derived terms
Anagrams
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