曹
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 曺
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Translingual
Han character
曹 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿田日 (TWA), four-corner 55606, composition ⿱⿻一曲曰)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 502, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14297
- Dae Jaweon: page 876, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1511, character 6
- Unihan data for U+66F9
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 曹 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Originally 㯥 (cáo), an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): two bundles 東 on top. The original meaning is "pair; peer, same kind". Later, 囗 was added as a distinguishing mark, which corrupted into 甘 in bronze inscriptions and 曰 in Seal Script, thus getting the intermediate and semi-archaic version 𣍘. The top two 東 have merged and now resemble 曲 with an extra stroke.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): cǎu
- Eastern Min (BUC): cò̤
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zor2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cáo
- Wade–Giles: tsʻao2
- Yale: tsáu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaur
- Palladius: цао (cao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou4
- Yale: chòuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou4
- Guangdong Romanization: cou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰau²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhò
- Hakka Romanization System: coˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: co2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰo¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǎu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cò̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡so⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zor2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: có̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɒ¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chô
- Tâi-lô: tsô
- Phofsit Daibuun: zooi
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /t͡so²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɤ²³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡so¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chô͘
- Tâi-lô: tsôo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zoo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cao5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: dzaw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-tsˤu/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zluː/
Definitions
曹
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) plaintiff and defendant
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) division department of the central government in ancient times
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) official
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) group
- (literary) people of the same kind
- (historical) Cao, a vassal state in China during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–221 BCE), covering roughly the area of modern-day Dingtao County in Heze, southwestern Shandong province
- a surname
Compounds
- 三曹對案 / 三曹对案
- 仙曹
- 倒曹
- 儀曹 / 仪曹
- 兒曹 / 儿曹
- 分曹
- 功曹 (gōngcáo)
- 印曹
- 坐曹
- 天曹
- 市曹 (shìcáo)
- 徐母罵曹 / 徐母骂曹
- 我曹 (wǒcáo)
- 才當曹斗
- 捉放曹
- 擊鼓罵曹 / 击鼓骂曹
- 敖曹
- 曹丘
- 曹全碑
- 曹劌論戰 / 曹刿论战
- 曹國舅 / 曹国舅
- 曹娥江 (Cáo'éjiāng)
- 曹娥碑
- 曹市 (Cáoshì)
- 曹族
- 曹柯之盟
- 曹楊 / 曹杨 (Cáoyáng)
- 曹洞宗
- 曹社之謀 / 曹社之谋
- 曹門 / 曹门
- 曹魏 (Cáo Wèi)
- 法曹
- 清曹峻府
- 爾曹 / 尔曹 (ěrcáo)
- 綁赴市曹 / 绑赴市曹 (bǎngfùshìcáo)
- 蕭曹 / 萧曹
- 蕭規曹隨 / 萧规曹随 (xiāoguīcáosuí)
- 賊曹 / 贼曹
- 部曹
- 陰曹 / 阴曹
- 陰曹地府 / 阴曹地府 (yīncáo dìfǔ)
- 馬曹廟 / 马曹庙 (Mǎcáomiào)
References
- (Min Nan) “曹”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
Japanese
Kanji
曹
Readings
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
曹 (eum 조 (jo))
- Alternative form of 曺
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
曹: Hán Nôm readings: Tào
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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