же
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: жэ and Appendix:Variations of "ze"
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi.
Conjunction
же • (že)
- and
- from the Vita Constantini:
- егда же и роди мати...
- egda že i rodi mati...
- And when his mother bore him...
- from the Vita Methodii:
- по сихъ же вьсѣхъ ...
- po sixŭ že vĭsěxŭ ...
- And after all these ...
- from the Vita Constantini:
- but
- however
- from the Vita Constantini:
- отроче же не рачи се ѥти тꙋждь съсьць никакоже, развѣ по матерꙿнꙇи, донꙿдеже ѡтьдоѥнь бꙑсть.
- However, until the child was weaned he would not take any other breast but his mother’s.
- from the Vita Constantini:
- then
- from the Vita Constantini:
- онь же рече: вѣрꙋ ми ими, жено
- onĭ že reče: věru mi imi, ženo
- Then he said: “Believe me, wife, I place my hope in God.
- from the Vita Constantini:
- after
- from the Vita Methodii:
- сътворь же въ томь кнѧжии лѣта многа
- sŭtvorĭ že vŭ tomĭ knęžii lěta mnoga
- After spending many years in that principality
- from the Vita Methodii:
- as
- from the Homily against the Bogumils, 329:
- о крьстѣ же господьни ...
- o krĭstě že gospodĭni ...
- As for the Lord's cross ...
- from the Homily against the Bogumils, 329:
References
- Old Church Slavonic: An Elementary Grammar by S. C. Gardiner, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *že. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic же (že) and Old Polish że.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: же
Conjunction
же (že)
- and, but
- 1076, Sviatoslav's izbornik, page 3:
- рекоу же· оуꙁда коневи правитель ѥсть и въꙁдьржаниѥ·
- reku že· uzda konevi pravitelĭ jestĭ i vŭzdĭržanije·
- But I say: A bridle is a leader to a horse and a restriction.
Synonyms
- а (a)
Descendants
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “же”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 847
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), from Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi. Cognate with Czech že, Ancient Greek γε (ge), Sanskrit हि (hi), Ukrainian ж (ž).
Alternative forms
- ж (ž) — senses 3–5
Pronunciation
Conjunction
же • (že)
Particle
же • (že)
- Emphasises identity: very, same
- тако́й же (са́мый) ― takój že (sámyj) ― the same, similar
- Я купи́л таку́ю же кни́гу. ― Ja kupíl takúju že knígu. ― I bought the same book.
- тот же (са́мый) ― tot že (sámyj) ― the same, identical
- Он всё тот же! ― On vsjo tot že! ― He's always the same!
- Э́то то́ же са́мое. ― Éto tó že sámoje. ― It's the same thing.
- With expressions of time and order: emphasises promptitude: very, right, immediately, without delay
- На пе́рвой же страни́це была́ оши́бка. ― Na pérvoj že straníce bylá ošíbka. ― Right on the first page there was a mistake.
- На сле́дующий же день рабо́та была́ гото́ва. ― Na slédujuščij že denʹ rabóta bylá gotóva. ― The very next day the work was finished.
- Прекрати́те сейча́с же! ― Prekratíte sejčás že! ― Stop immediately!
- После у́жина она́ сра́зу же легла́ спать. ― Posle úžina oná srázu že leglá spatʹ. ― After dinner she went straight to bed.
- Marks an objection by pointing to the rationale behind said objection: after all, but
- Почему́ вы не понима́ете? Это же ру́сский! ― Počemú vy ne ponimájete? Eto že rússkij! ― Why don't you understand? After all, it’s Russian!
- -Я не знал, что за́втра экза́мен. -Я же тебе́ сказа́л! ― -Ja ne znal, što závtra ekzámen. -Ja že tebé skazál! ― -I didn't know the exam was tomorrow. -But I told you!
- Especially in questions: expresses consequence of or reaction to what was said before: then, so
- Что ж? ― Što ž? ― What then?
- Что ж! ― Što ž! ― Well then!
- Когда́ же? ― Kogdá že? ― When then?
- Где же э́то? ― Gde že éto? ― Where is it then?
- Ну что же? ― Nu što že? ― What of it, then?
- Ну и что ж? ― Nu i što ž? ― Well, what of it? / So what?
- Что ж из э́того? ― Što ž iz étovo? ― So what of it?
- Что ж, он сам э́то сде́лает! ― Što ž, on sam éto sdélajet! ― Why, he'll just do it himself!
- In questions and imperatives: imparts a note of insistence and urgency: ever, on earth, for goodness' sake
- Что же ему́ де́лать? ― Što že jemú délatʹ? ― What on earth can he do?
- Говори́те же! ― Govoríte že! ― Aren’t you going to say anything!
- Отвеча́йте же! ― Otvečájte že! ― Answer me then!
- Пойдём же! ― Pojdjóm že! ― So come along!
Descendants
Etymology 2
Alternative forms
- жэ (žɛ)
Pronunciation
Noun
же • (že) n inan (indeclinable)
- zhe: The name of the Cyrillic-script letter Ж.
- gee: The name of the Latin-script letter G.
- Synonym: гэ (gɛ)
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