سرد

Etymology

Cognate with Hebrew סֵדֶר (séder, “order”) and סִדְרָה (sidra, “sequence, series”)

Pronunciation

• Verb: IPA^(key): /sa.ra.da/
• Noun: IPA^(key): /sard/

Verb

سَرَدَ • (sarada) I (non-past يَسْرُدُ (yasrudu), verbal noun سَرْد (sard))

1. to arrange one after the other
2. to link (of chain and mail)

   Synonym: سَلْسَلَ (salsala)

3. to sew, to fasten together
4. to continue

   Synonym: وَصَلَ (waṣala)

5. to detail in a sequence, to list
6. to narrate, to report, to tell

   Synonyms: قَصَّ (qaṣṣa), رَوَى (rawā)

Noun

سَرْد • (sard) m

1. verbal noun of سَرَدَ (sarada) (form I)

Further reading

• Freytag, Georg (1833) “سرد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 307
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “سرد”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 1043a
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “سرد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1346
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سرد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 490
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “سرد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 474

Etymology

From Middle Persian slt' (/⁠sard⁠/, “cold”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ard

Adjective

سرد • (sard) (comparative سردتَر (sard-tar), superlative سردتَرین (sard-tarin))

1. cold (of temperature)

   Synonym: یخ (yax) (in Dari)

   Antonym: گرم (garm, “warm”)

   • c. 1260, Rumi, “3:3239”, in The Masnavi:

     دست و رو را شست و زان آب سرد.

     dast u ru-râ šost u zân âb-e sard.

     he washed his hands and face with that cold water.

     (Reynold A. Nicholson translation)

2. (figurative) unenthusiastic, lukewarm, discouraged

   Antonym: گرم (garm, “warm, enthusiastic”)

3. (figurative) cold, bitter

   آه سرد ― âh-e sard ― bitter sigh

Further reading

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “سرد”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “سرد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit शरद् (śarad).

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian سرد (sard), from Middle Persian slt' (sard).