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Tonga

Constitutional monarchy

Tonga
Official:
Kingdom of Tonga
Local name:
Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga
Region:
Polynesia
Surface area:
750 km²
Capital:
Nuku‘alofa
Tonga on the world map

Geography

Tonga is an archipelago in the Pacific Ocean about 3200 km away from the Australian mainland. The dwarf state has a total area of only 750 km² (290 mi²) and a total coastline of 419 km (260.4 mi). This land area is about 1.0 times the size of New York City. Tonga is thus the eleventh biggest country in Oceania and in terms of area ranked 193rd worldwide. A considerable share of the inhabitants (77%) belongs to the rural population.

The highest mountain peak (Mount Kao on Kao Island) is at 1,033 meters. The archipelago consists of 169 islands. Tonga has no direct neighbors. The distance between New York City and the Capital Nuku‘alofa is about 12,460 km (7,742 mi).

Population

Life expectancy females:
Ø 74.1 years
Birth rate:
23.0 ‰
Death rate:
6.9 ‰
Males/Females:
49.5% : 50.5%

Population pyramid

Population pyramid Tonga 2023
The currency in Tonga is the Tongan pa'anga (TOP).
1 Pa'anga is divided into 100 Seniti.
Status: 02/21/2025
1 US dollar = 2.41 Pa'angas
1 Pa'anga = 0.42 US dollar

Climate in Tonga

In Tonga, as in all equatorial countries, there is a tropical climate. Unlike in Europe or the USA, there is almost no difference between the seasons. The daylight hours vary little, and the temperature differences between summer and winter are also lower. Depending on the season, the average daytime temperatures range between 25 and 30 degrees. In the colder months, and depending in the region, the temperature drops to 19 °C in a month's average.

Average daytime and nighttime temperatures
Average daytime and nighttime temperatures in Tonga
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Languages

Official languages:
Tongan, English

Mother tongueDistribution
Tongan98.3 %
other1.7 %

Religions

ReligionDistribution
Methodists37.3%
Free Church of Tonga11.4%
Church of Tonga7.2%
Tokaikolo Christian Church2.6%
Assemblies of God2.3%
Adventists2.2%
Constitutional Church of Tonga0.9%
Full Gospel Church0.2%
Mormons16.8%
Roman Catholics15.6%
Anglicans0.8%
other2.7%

Land use

24% Urban areas:182 km²
46% Agricultural areas:344 km²
12% Forest:93 km²
4% Water areas:30 km²
17% Others:131 km²

more...

Transport

Roadways:680 km
Reg. vehicles:16,717
Airports:6

more...

Economy

According to the definition from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Tonga is a developing country because of its lower economic performance.

GDP:518.18 M $
Exportations:95.3 M $
Importations:383.5 M $
Tourism receipts:9.13 M $
Debt rate:41.15 %
Unemployment rate(ILOEST):2.26 %
Inflation rate:6.35 %
Corruption index:31 (bad)
Energy consumption:69.1 M kWh


Political indicators

(Based on the "Worldwide Governance Indicators" project of the World Bank)

Political stability:
Rule of law:
Effectivity:
Regulatory quality:
Voice accountability:
Death penalty:not practiced for 10+ years



Alliances