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Mla 8 format

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MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.

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MLA: LIST OF WORKS CITED PRINT A BOOK BY ONE AUTHOR Jacobs, Alan. The Pleasures of Reading in an Age of Distraction. Oxford UP, 2011. Puig, Manuel. Kiss of the Spider Woman. Translated by Thomas Colchie, Vintage Books, 1991. Joyce, Michael. Othermindedness: The Emergence of Network Culture. U of Michigan P, 2000. Jacobs, Alan. The Pleasures of Reading in an Age of Distraction. Oxford UP, 2011. Rampersad, Arnold. The Life of Langston Hughes. 2nd ed., vol. 2, Oxford UP, 2002. Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. Penguin, 1987. Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. MacMurray, 1999. TWO AUTHORS Dorris, Michael, and Louise Erdrich. The Crown of Columbus. HarperCollins Publishers, 1999. Miller, Casey, and Kate Swift. Words and Women. Updated ed., HarperCollins Publishers, 1991. TWO OR MORE BOOKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR Palmer, William J. Dickens and New Historicism. St. Martin's, 1997. ---. The Films of the Eighties: A Social History. Southern Illinois UP, 1993.
THREE OR MORE AUTHORS Burdick, Anne, et al. Digital_Humanities. MIT P, 2012. COLLECTION OF ESSAYS, STORIES,OR POEMS Baron, Sabrina Alcorn, et al., editors. Agent of Change:Print Culture Studies after Elizabeth L. Eisenstein. U of Massachusetts P / Center for the Book, Library of Congress, 2007. AN ESSAY, A STORY, OR A POEM Burns, Robert. "Red, Red Rose." 100 Best-Loved Poems, edited by Philip Smith, Dover, 1995, p. 26. Kincaid, Jamaica. "Girl." The Vintage Book of Contemporary American Short Stories, edited by Tobias Wolff, Vintage, 1994, pp. 306-07. Dewar,James A.,and Peng Hwa Ang. “The Cultural Consequences of Printing and the Internet.” Agent of Change: Print Culture Studies afterElizabeth L. Eisenstein,edited by Sabrina Alcorn Baron et al., U of Massachusetts P / Center for the Book, Library of Congress, 2007, pp. 365-77. WITHOUT AN AUTHOR’S NAME Encyclopedia of Indiana. Somerset, 1993. Beowulf. Translated by Alan Sullivan and Timothy Murphy, edited by Sarah Anderson, Pearson, 2004. CORPORATEAUTHORS United Nations. Consequences of Rapid Population Growth in Developing Countries. Taylor and Francis, 1991. American Allergy Association. Allergies in Children. Random House, 1998. GOVERNMENTPUBLICATIONS The Adirondack Park in the Twenty-First Century. Commission on the Adirondacks in the Twenty-
First Century,New York State,1990. A TRANSLATED BOOK If you want to emphasize the work rather than the translator Foucault, Michel. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Translated by Richard Howard, Vintage-Random House, 1988. If you want to focus on the translation Howard, Richard, translator. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. By Michel Foucault, Vintage-Random House, 1988. REPUBLISHED BOOK Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble. 1990. Routledge, 1999. Erdrich, Louise. Love Medicine. 1984. Perennial-Harper, 1993. AN EDITION OF A BOOK A Subsequent Edition Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. 3rd ed., Pearson, 2004. A Work Preparedby an Editor Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Edited by Margaret Smith, Oxford UP, 1998. EDITOR Nunberg, Geoffrey, editor. The Future of the Book. U of California P, 1996. TWO OR MORE EDITORS Baron, Sabrina Alcorn, et al., editors. Agent of Change: Print Culture Studies after Elizabeth L. Eisenstein. U of Massachusetts P / Center for the Book, Library of Congress, 2007. Holland, Merlin, and Rupert Hart-Davis, editors. The Complete Letters of Oscar Wilde. Henry Holt, 2000. ANTHOLOGY OR COLLECTION
Hill, Charles A., and Marguerite Helmers, editors. Defining Visual Rhetorics. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004. Peterson, Nancy J., editor. Toni Morrison: Critical and Theoretical Approaches. Johns Hopkins UP, 1997. A WORK IN AN ANTHOLOGY, REFERENCE, OR COLLECTION Harris, Muriel. "Talk to Me: Engaging Reluctant Writers." A Tutor's Guide: Helping Writers One to One, edited by Ben Rafoth, Heinemann, 2000, pp. 24-34. Swanson, Gunnar. "Graphic Design Education as a Liberal Art: Design and Knowledge in the University and The 'Real World.'" The Education of a Graphic Designer, edited by Steven Heller, Allworth Press, 1998, pp. 13-24. ARTICLE IN A REFERENCE BOOK(E.G. ENCYCLOPEDIAS, DICTIONARIES) "Ideology." The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd ed., 1997. PSEUDONYMS,INCLUDING ONLINE USERNAMES @persiankiwi. “We have report of large street battles in east & west of Tehran now - #Iranelection.” Twitter, 23 June 2009, 11:15 a.m., twitter.com/persiankiwi/status/2298106072. Stendhal. The Red and the Black. Translated by Roger Gard, Penguin Books, 2002. Tribble, Ivan. “Bloggers Need Not Apply.” The Chronicle of Higher Education, 8 July 2005, chronicle.com/article/Bloggers- Need-Not-Apply/45022. INTRODUCTION, PREFACE, FOREWORD, OR AFTERWORD Felstiner, John. Preface. Selected Poems and Prose of Paul Celan, by Paul Celan, translated by Felstiner, W. W. Norton, 2001, pp. xix-xxxvi. Farrell, Thomas B. Introduction. Norms of Rhetorical Culture, by Farrell, Yale UP, 1993, pp.
1-13. United States, Congress, Senate, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearing on the Geopolitics of Oil. Government Printing Office, 2007. 110th Congress, 1st session, Senate Report 111-8. United States, Government Accountability Office. Climate Change: EPA and DOE Should Do More to Encourage Progress Under Two Voluntary Programs. Government Printing Office, 2006. ARTICLE IN A JOURNAL Goldman, Anne. “Questions of Transport: Reading Primo Levi Reading Dante.” The Georgia Review, vol. 64, no. 1, 2010, pp. 69-88. AN ARTICLE IN A REFERENCEBOOK Allen, Anita L. “Privacy in Health Care.” Encyclopedia of Bioethics, edited by Stephen G Post, 3rd ed., vol. 4, 2004. Unsigned "Ideology." The American Heritage Dictionary. 3rd ed., 1997. A SCHOLARLY EDITION Austen, Jane. Sense and Sensibility. Ed. Claudia Johnson. Norton, 2001. Print. Henderson, George Wylie. Harlem Calling: The Collected Stories of George Wylie Henderson: An Alabama Writer of Harlem Renaissance. Ed. David G. Nicholls. U of Michigan P, 2006. Print. TWO CONTAINERS Goldman, Anne. “Questions of Transport: Reading Primo Levi Reading Dante.” The Georgia Review, vol. 64, no. 1, 2010, pp. 69-88. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41403188. Gikandi, Simon. Ngugi wa Thiong’o. Cambridge UP, 2000. ACLS Humanities E-book, hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.07588.0001.001.
NEWSPAPERARTICLE FROM A LIBRARY DATABASE Schmidt, Sarah. "Companies Fail the Test; Junk Food Marketing Aimed at Kids Faulted." The Gazette [Montreal], 10 Mar. 2010, p. A.11. Canadian Newsstand. NEWSPAPERARTICLE IN PRINT Smith, Bill. "Talks on Bosnia Bog Down Over Borders." Toronto Star, 18 Aug. 2012, p. B6. NEWSPAPERS WITHVOLUMES AND ISSUES Crawford, Maxine. "Research in a Celtic Nation." Psynopsis: Canada's Psychology Newspaper, vol. 39, no. 3, Summer 2017, p. 32. Canadian Points of View Reference Centre. WEB A WORK CITED ONLY ON THE WEB Tyre, Peg. “Standardized Tests in College?” Newsweek. Newsweek, 16 Nov. 2007. Web. 15 May 2008. “Utah Mine Rescue Funeral.” CNN.com. Cable News Network, 21 Aug. 2007. Web. 21 Aug. 2007. NEWSPAPERARTICLE FROM A WEBSITE Morrison, Malcolm. "TSX Recovers on Greece News." Toronto Star, 23 June 2011, www.thestar.com/business/economy/2011/06/23/tsx_recovers_on_greece_news .html. Accessed 7 June 2016. A POSTING OR AN ARTICLE AT A WEB SITE Hollmichel, Stefanie. “The Reading Brain: Differences between Digital and Print.” So Many Books, 25 Apr. 2013, somanybooksblog.com/2013/04/25/thereading- brain- differences-between-digitaland- print/. SONG OR OTHER PIECE OF MUSIC ON AN ALBUM
Beyoncé. “Pretty Hurts.” Beyoncé, Parkwood Entertainment, 2013, www.beyonce.com/album/beyonce/? media_view=songs. AN E-MAIL MESSAGE Boyle, Anthony T. “Re: Utopia.” Received by Daniel J. Cahill, 21 June 1997. FILM AND TELEVISION Gellar, Sarah Michelle, performer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Mutant Enemy, 1997-2003. Whedon, Joss, creator. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Mutant Enemy, 1997- 2003. Film or television series without focusing on an individual’s contribution Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Created by Joss Whedon, performance by Sarah Michelle Gellar, Mutant Enemy, 1997-2003. EPISODE OF A TELEVISION SERIES “Hush.” Buffy the Vampire Slayer, created by Joss Whedon, performance by Sarah Michelle Gellar, season 4, episode 10, Mutant Enemy, 1999. BOOK PUBLISHED BEFORE 1900 Original copies of books published before 1900 are usually defined by their place of publication rather than the publisher. Thoreau, Henry David. Excursions. Boston, 1863. The Bible The Bible. Authorized King James Version, Oxford UP, 1998. The Bible. The New Oxford Annotated Version, 3rd ed., Oxford UP, 2001. The New Jerusalem Bible. Edited by Susan Jones, Doubleday, 1985. PreparedbyAnjuA( 6/3/2019)

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Mla 8 format

  • 1. MLA: LIST OF WORKS CITED PRINT A BOOK BY ONE AUTHOR Jacobs, Alan. The Pleasures of Reading in an Age of Distraction. Oxford UP, 2011. Puig, Manuel. Kiss of the Spider Woman. Translated by Thomas Colchie, Vintage Books, 1991. Joyce, Michael. Othermindedness: The Emergence of Network Culture. U of Michigan P, 2000. Jacobs, Alan. The Pleasures of Reading in an Age of Distraction. Oxford UP, 2011. Rampersad, Arnold. The Life of Langston Hughes. 2nd ed., vol. 2, Oxford UP, 2002. Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. Penguin, 1987. Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. MacMurray, 1999. TWO AUTHORS Dorris, Michael, and Louise Erdrich. The Crown of Columbus. HarperCollins Publishers, 1999. Miller, Casey, and Kate Swift. Words and Women. Updated ed., HarperCollins Publishers, 1991. TWO OR MORE BOOKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR Palmer, William J. Dickens and New Historicism. St. Martin's, 1997. ---. The Films of the Eighties: A Social History. Southern Illinois UP, 1993.
  • 2. THREE OR MORE AUTHORS Burdick, Anne, et al. Digital_Humanities. MIT P, 2012. COLLECTION OF ESSAYS, STORIES,OR POEMS Baron, Sabrina Alcorn, et al., editors. Agent of Change:Print Culture Studies after Elizabeth L. Eisenstein. U of Massachusetts P / Center for the Book, Library of Congress, 2007. AN ESSAY, A STORY, OR A POEM Burns, Robert. "Red, Red Rose." 100 Best-Loved Poems, edited by Philip Smith, Dover, 1995, p. 26. Kincaid, Jamaica. "Girl." The Vintage Book of Contemporary American Short Stories, edited by Tobias Wolff, Vintage, 1994, pp. 306-07. Dewar,James A.,and Peng Hwa Ang. “The Cultural Consequences of Printing and the Internet.” Agent of Change: Print Culture Studies afterElizabeth L. Eisenstein,edited by Sabrina Alcorn Baron et al., U of Massachusetts P / Center for the Book, Library of Congress, 2007, pp. 365-77. WITHOUT AN AUTHOR’S NAME Encyclopedia of Indiana. Somerset, 1993. Beowulf. Translated by Alan Sullivan and Timothy Murphy, edited by Sarah Anderson, Pearson, 2004. CORPORATEAUTHORS United Nations. Consequences of Rapid Population Growth in Developing Countries. Taylor and Francis, 1991. American Allergy Association. Allergies in Children. Random House, 1998. GOVERNMENTPUBLICATIONS The Adirondack Park in the Twenty-First Century. Commission on the Adirondacks in the Twenty-
  • 3. First Century,New York State,1990. A TRANSLATED BOOK If you want to emphasize the work rather than the translator Foucault, Michel. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Translated by Richard Howard, Vintage-Random House, 1988. If you want to focus on the translation Howard, Richard, translator. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. By Michel Foucault, Vintage-Random House, 1988. REPUBLISHED BOOK Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble. 1990. Routledge, 1999. Erdrich, Louise. Love Medicine. 1984. Perennial-Harper, 1993. AN EDITION OF A BOOK A Subsequent Edition Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. 3rd ed., Pearson, 2004. A Work Preparedby an Editor Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Edited by Margaret Smith, Oxford UP, 1998. EDITOR Nunberg, Geoffrey, editor. The Future of the Book. U of California P, 1996. TWO OR MORE EDITORS Baron, Sabrina Alcorn, et al., editors. Agent of Change: Print Culture Studies after Elizabeth L. Eisenstein. U of Massachusetts P / Center for the Book, Library of Congress, 2007. Holland, Merlin, and Rupert Hart-Davis, editors. The Complete Letters of Oscar Wilde. Henry Holt, 2000. ANTHOLOGY OR COLLECTION
  • 4. Hill, Charles A., and Marguerite Helmers, editors. Defining Visual Rhetorics. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004. Peterson, Nancy J., editor. Toni Morrison: Critical and Theoretical Approaches. Johns Hopkins UP, 1997. A WORK IN AN ANTHOLOGY, REFERENCE, OR COLLECTION Harris, Muriel. "Talk to Me: Engaging Reluctant Writers." A Tutor's Guide: Helping Writers One to One, edited by Ben Rafoth, Heinemann, 2000, pp. 24-34. Swanson, Gunnar. "Graphic Design Education as a Liberal Art: Design and Knowledge in the University and The 'Real World.'" The Education of a Graphic Designer, edited by Steven Heller, Allworth Press, 1998, pp. 13-24. ARTICLE IN A REFERENCE BOOK(E.G. ENCYCLOPEDIAS, DICTIONARIES) "Ideology." The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd ed., 1997. PSEUDONYMS,INCLUDING ONLINE USERNAMES @persiankiwi. “We have report of large street battles in east & west of Tehran now - #Iranelection.” Twitter, 23 June 2009, 11:15 a.m., twitter.com/persiankiwi/status/2298106072. Stendhal. The Red and the Black. Translated by Roger Gard, Penguin Books, 2002. Tribble, Ivan. “Bloggers Need Not Apply.” The Chronicle of Higher Education, 8 July 2005, chronicle.com/article/Bloggers- Need-Not-Apply/45022. INTRODUCTION, PREFACE, FOREWORD, OR AFTERWORD Felstiner, John. Preface. Selected Poems and Prose of Paul Celan, by Paul Celan, translated by Felstiner, W. W. Norton, 2001, pp. xix-xxxvi. Farrell, Thomas B. Introduction. Norms of Rhetorical Culture, by Farrell, Yale UP, 1993, pp.
  • 5. 1-13. United States, Congress, Senate, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearing on the Geopolitics of Oil. Government Printing Office, 2007. 110th Congress, 1st session, Senate Report 111-8. United States, Government Accountability Office. Climate Change: EPA and DOE Should Do More to Encourage Progress Under Two Voluntary Programs. Government Printing Office, 2006. ARTICLE IN A JOURNAL Goldman, Anne. “Questions of Transport: Reading Primo Levi Reading Dante.” The Georgia Review, vol. 64, no. 1, 2010, pp. 69-88. AN ARTICLE IN A REFERENCEBOOK Allen, Anita L. “Privacy in Health Care.” Encyclopedia of Bioethics, edited by Stephen G Post, 3rd ed., vol. 4, 2004. Unsigned "Ideology." The American Heritage Dictionary. 3rd ed., 1997. A SCHOLARLY EDITION Austen, Jane. Sense and Sensibility. Ed. Claudia Johnson. Norton, 2001. Print. Henderson, George Wylie. Harlem Calling: The Collected Stories of George Wylie Henderson: An Alabama Writer of Harlem Renaissance. Ed. David G. Nicholls. U of Michigan P, 2006. Print. TWO CONTAINERS Goldman, Anne. “Questions of Transport: Reading Primo Levi Reading Dante.” The Georgia Review, vol. 64, no. 1, 2010, pp. 69-88. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41403188. Gikandi, Simon. Ngugi wa Thiong’o. Cambridge UP, 2000. ACLS Humanities E-book, hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.07588.0001.001.
  • 6. NEWSPAPERARTICLE FROM A LIBRARY DATABASE Schmidt, Sarah. "Companies Fail the Test; Junk Food Marketing Aimed at Kids Faulted." The Gazette [Montreal], 10 Mar. 2010, p. A.11. Canadian Newsstand. NEWSPAPERARTICLE IN PRINT Smith, Bill. "Talks on Bosnia Bog Down Over Borders." Toronto Star, 18 Aug. 2012, p. B6. NEWSPAPERS WITHVOLUMES AND ISSUES Crawford, Maxine. "Research in a Celtic Nation." Psynopsis: Canada's Psychology Newspaper, vol. 39, no. 3, Summer 2017, p. 32. Canadian Points of View Reference Centre. WEB A WORK CITED ONLY ON THE WEB Tyre, Peg. “Standardized Tests in College?” Newsweek. Newsweek, 16 Nov. 2007. Web. 15 May 2008. “Utah Mine Rescue Funeral.” CNN.com. Cable News Network, 21 Aug. 2007. Web. 21 Aug. 2007. NEWSPAPERARTICLE FROM A WEBSITE Morrison, Malcolm. "TSX Recovers on Greece News." Toronto Star, 23 June 2011, www.thestar.com/business/economy/2011/06/23/tsx_recovers_on_greece_news .html. Accessed 7 June 2016. A POSTING OR AN ARTICLE AT A WEB SITE Hollmichel, Stefanie. “The Reading Brain: Differences between Digital and Print.” So Many Books, 25 Apr. 2013, somanybooksblog.com/2013/04/25/thereading- brain- differences-between-digitaland- print/. SONG OR OTHER PIECE OF MUSIC ON AN ALBUM
  • 7. Beyoncé. “Pretty Hurts.” Beyoncé, Parkwood Entertainment, 2013, www.beyonce.com/album/beyonce/? media_view=songs. AN E-MAIL MESSAGE Boyle, Anthony T. “Re: Utopia.” Received by Daniel J. Cahill, 21 June 1997. FILM AND TELEVISION Gellar, Sarah Michelle, performer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Mutant Enemy, 1997-2003. Whedon, Joss, creator. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Mutant Enemy, 1997- 2003. Film or television series without focusing on an individual’s contribution Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Created by Joss Whedon, performance by Sarah Michelle Gellar, Mutant Enemy, 1997-2003. EPISODE OF A TELEVISION SERIES “Hush.” Buffy the Vampire Slayer, created by Joss Whedon, performance by Sarah Michelle Gellar, season 4, episode 10, Mutant Enemy, 1999. BOOK PUBLISHED BEFORE 1900 Original copies of books published before 1900 are usually defined by their place of publication rather than the publisher. Thoreau, Henry David. Excursions. Boston, 1863. The Bible The Bible. Authorized King James Version, Oxford UP, 1998. The Bible. The New Oxford Annotated Version, 3rd ed., Oxford UP, 2001. The New Jerusalem Bible. Edited by Susan Jones, Doubleday, 1985. PreparedbyAnjuA( 6/3/2019)