Papers by Keyword: Zinc

Abstract: Aluminum (Al) has emerged to become one of the potential anode materials candidates in metal-based batteries due to its abundant resource, inexpensive cost, good safeness and high theoretical energy density. However, thoughtful challenges have been barrier towards huge progress, including easy aluminum hydroxide formation, low practical voltage, and high corrosion rate. To approach those problems, this article proposes to enhance the electrochemical performance of anode side through electrodeposition of Zn-Mn on aluminum surface. The deposition of Zn-Mn consists of citrate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as complexing agent to control the process rate. The effect of various deposition time, 0, 10, and 30 minutes, will be investigated by linear polarization, linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The electrochemical measurement exhibits the deposition effect, minimized the impedance of Al surface and improved the electrochemical reactions. Moreover, the appearance of Zn-Mn layer has prolonged the discharge performance with battery analyzer measurements. Therefore, energy density increased from 1270.52 to 3327.68 mWh g^-1Al and the specific capacity enhances from 2779.908 to 7291.651 mAh g^-1. All the measurements applied 3.5% sodium chloride (NaCl). These results pose the electrical performance enhancement from the anode side, but the development of other sides is also necessary.

Abstract: The potentiodynamic polarization method has investigated the corrosion behavior of zinc metal in 3.5% NaOH with a variation of bee wax popolis extract (BWPE) inhibitor, variation of immersion time, and temperature. Zinc plates were tested at 150 °C and 200 °C with immersion durations of 2, 4, and 6 hours, respectively. The variation of inhibitor concentration on corrosion rate has also been studied from 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm, followed by testing temperature variations of 25, 35, and 45°C for optimal inhibitor concentration. It is expected that this research will contribute to alternative organic corrosion inhibitors. Tafel polarization test results demonstrated that the corrosion rate of zinc metal in 3% NaOH increased with increasing test temperature and immersion time. Increasing the concentration of BWPE inhibitor from 200 ppm to 1000 ppm can reduce the corrosion rate of zinc metal from the sample without blank with optimal inhibition effectiveness obtained at a concentration of 800 ppm by 46.16%

Abstract: Zinc has attracted significant attention in research due to its cost-effective use as an electrodeposited material, effectively protecting various types of steel from corrosion and wear. However, despite its advantages, zinc has limitations in fully guarding steel against corrosion. Recent studies propose that blending zinc with other metals during the coating process can proficiently shield mild steel from deterioration. The motivation for this study stems from recognizing the restrictions of zinc electrodeposition and the limited exploration of zinc multi-facet composite coatings for mild steel. In this study, the electrodeposition technique was employed to apply a coating to mild steel using zinc and nanoparticles of calcium oxide (CaO) and manganese oxide (MnO₂). The coating bath's chemical composition included mass variations of 0-12 g/L for CaO and MnO₂, along with 10 g/L each of boric acid, thiourea, and Na₂SO₄, and 15 g/L of K₂SO₄ and ZnSO₄. The coating process occurred over a twenty-minute period, with a pH of 4.8, voltage set at 3.2V, current density at 1 A/cm², temperature at 47°C, and stirring rate at 200 rpm. Results obtained from the coated mild steel demonstrated that Zn-6CaO-6MnO₂ exhibited the greatest coating thickness at 0.2308 mm, and it showcased impressive corrosion resistance at 2.0618 mm/year. The Zn-CaO-MnO₂ coating displayed a substantial deposit of crystallites in its microstructure, assisted by the presence of manganese, contributing to a smoother surface texture.

Abstract: This study aims to analysized the effect of addition doped metal (Ti and Zn) on NASICON structure to morphology, materials structure, and electrochemical performance especially ionic conductivity properties. NASICON is a sodium super ionic conductor that it could be as solid electrolyte batteries. One of the problems that exist in the secondary battery is the low working temperature of the electrolyte, which makes it easy to explode when exposed to free air. The common electrolyte in liquid phase, so NASICON as replacement alternative. The synthesis method used is the solid-state reaction method by mixing sodium carbonate, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, doped metal (titanium oxide and zinc oxide) and some anhydrous ethanol into a planetary ball mill, dried then calcined. Then the material is pressed to produce pellets and the sintered. The doping used varies from 0 to 5 mol% of titanium and zinc. XRD results showed that all variations in titanium doped had found rhombohedral and monoclinic. whereas in zinc doping also have those phase. The highest ionic conductivity is 7.8x10^-3 S/m on 2% mol Zinc Addition

Abstract: A novel Zn biodegradable composite was produced by direct extrusion of Zn powders at room temperature. The powders were efficiently consolidated to a high relative density, and the composite reached a UTS higher than 120 MPa and elongation of almost 70%. Microstructural observations showed ultra-fine Zn grains decorated by well-dispersed ZnO clusters at the grain boundaries. The degradation behavior of the composite and an as-cast Zn reference accessed by immersion tests in HBSS for both materials were similar and gave an equivalent corrosion rate. Additional static immersion tests in DMEM + 5% FSB showed a similar corrosion rate (0.015 mm/y), but SEM analysis of the corroded surface suggested that the degradation process of each as-cast or DE consolidated composite differs. MTT assays with extracts of both as-cast and extruded composites showed similar cytotoxicity, which was dependent on the dilution of the extracts. It was concluded that the proposed methodology brings the potential for an interesting solution to produce a sound Zn-ZnO composite with good biocompatibility, satisfactory corrosion rate, and high yield strength.

Abstract: Today environmental aspects are of great importance in the sustainability of the planet, in this aspect anti-corrosive treatments facilitate the durability of metal structures. Among the most widely used anticorrosive metals is Zinc and its alloys. In the deep galvanizing process of large steel structures, tanks containing Zinc in a molten state at a temperature of 460 °C are necessary. Then, to protect elements that are too large or that need to be treated "in situ", metallization is used, which consists of projecting molten zinc wire on the metal surface that has previously been subjected to a process sandblasting (mechanical abrasion). The two main methods of metalizing are electric arc and flame. In the present work an industrial wiredrawing draft has been studied, determining the drawing force and the power required in each stage. For this purpose, linear strain hardening model vs non-linear strain hardening model that takes strain rate hardening into account has been proposed for its implementation in the analytical model of the process and finite element model (FEM) has been developed too. The use of Hall Petch equation has been allowed to get a prediction of the evolution of the grain size during the wiredrawing sequence.

Abstract: Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticles (CANPs) were produced via microemulsion method. SEM images captured that CANPs has rough, irregular, and porous surfaces. The particle sizes were in the range of 1-15 nm with an average diameter of 8.31 nm. CANPs were applied for trace metals removal. Optimum adsorption capacity of Zn(II) and Cu(II) were 8.144 and 5.582 mg g^-1, respectively. Kinetic studies show that the adsorption of Zn(II) and Cu(II) onto CANPs fitted pseudo second order model. Isotherm studies determined that the sorption followed Dubinin-radushkevich model. Zn(II) adsorbed CANPs (Zn/CANPs) and Cu(II) adsorbed CANPs (Cu/CANPs) were investigate their antibacterial activity againts E. coli and S. aureus. Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) of Zn/CANPs were 19.3 mm (E. coli) and 17.5 mm (S. aureus). ZOI of Cu/CANPs were 14.17 mm (E. coli) and 10.75 mm (S. aureus). The results revealed that CANPs were a promising bifunctional material for metals removal and has good antibacterial activity.

Abstract: In this work, zinc nanoparticles were obtained. As a production method, a one-stage induction flow levitation method was used. The starting material was spherical granules with a purity of 99.9% and a mass of 2 g; as atoms evaporated from the surface of the molten granule, the drop was fed with a metal wire made of the same material. The productivity of the nanoparticles was 30 g / h. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis, porosimetry, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.

Abstract: The synthesis of zinc-substituted cobalt ferrite (Co_0.9Zn_0.1Fe₂O₄) using the sol gel method has been successfully carried out. The thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analyzer curve shows that at 400°C the Co_0.9Zn_0,1Fe₂O₄ sample has formed the final phase of nanoparticles. Therefore, the modification of physical properties was carried out by annealing treatment at temperature of 450°C, 550°C, 650°C, and 750°C. The X-rays diffraction show that all samples are in a single phase with a face center cubic space group Fd-3m structure according to the ICDD 221086. The crystal size increased with the annealing temperature 33.69 nm to 45.88 nm. The Co_0.9Zn_0.1Fe₂O₄ showed as excellent antibacterial properties on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The most superior antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus was Co_0.9Zn_0,1Fe₂O₄ sample which was annealed at 650°C with a clear zone diameter of 39.81 mm. Meanwhile, the Escherichia coli bacteria which had the most superior antibacterial activity were Co_0.9Zn_0,1Fe₂O₄ samples which were annealed at 450°C with a clear zone measuring 21.04 mm.

Abstract: Study of physico-chemical properties, adsorption and desorption of Zn using citric acid and tartaric acid on the textile industrial area has been carried out. This study aims to analyze the physico-chemical character of the soil and the content of heavy metals around the textile industry which is suspected of being contaminated by waste, the adsorption isotherm and capacity of Zn, the desorption kinetics of Zn using citric acid and tartaric acid solutions. Soil samples were divided into three sample points based on the location where they were taken, namely sample points I, II and III. The physical and chemical properties of soil were measured, included pH, ash content, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, cation exchange capacity and content of heavy metals The adsorption capacity was studied by the adsorption of Zn on the soil. Meanwhile, the desorption was studied by using both citric and tartaric acid solution. The results showed that sample I had the highest total organic carbon content of 692.3 mg g^-1, and a cation exchange capacity of 42.0 cmol⁺ kg^-1 with a metal content of 735.0 mg kg^-1. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zn is 708.7 mg kg^-1. The optimum desorption using citric acid occurs at a concentration of 0.6 mol L^-1, pH 3 and a time of 7 h, while tartaric acid occurs at a concentration of 0.8 mol L^-1, pH 3 and a time of 7 h. Keywords: citric acid, tartaric acid, physico-chemical properties, zinc